PubAd 2025 Paper 2 (1).pdf
2 MB
Civil Services Mains 2025
UPSC Mains 2025
Public Administration Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Public_Administration_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
UPSC Mains 2025
Public Administration Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Public_Administration_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
Sociology Paper II 2025.pdf
1.9 MB
Civil Services Mains 2025
UPSC Mains 2025
Sociology Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Sociology_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
UPSC Mains 2025
Sociology Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Sociology_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
geog optional paper 2.pdf
1.4 MB
Civil Services Mains 2025
UPSC Mains 2025
Geography Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Geography_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
UPSC Mains 2025
Geography Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Geography_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
History Optional Paper - 2 (2025) (2).pdf
2.5 MB
Civil Services Mains 2025
UPSC Mains 2025
History Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#History_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
UPSC Mains 2025
History Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#History_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
eco optional -2.pdf
2.2 MB
Civil Services Mains 2025
UPSC Mains 2025
Economics Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Economics_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
UPSC Mains 2025
Economics Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Economics_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
Anthropology Paper II - CSE MAINS 2025.pdf
2.2 MB
Civil Services Mains 2025
UPSC Mains 2025
Anthropology Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Anthropology_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
UPSC Mains 2025
Anthropology Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#Anthropology_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
PSIR-2.pdf
2.5 MB
Civil Services Mains 2025
UPSC Mains 2025
PSIR Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#PSIR_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
UPSC Mains 2025
PSIR Optional Paper 2nd
#UPSC_Mains_2025
#PSIR_Paper_2nd
Join
@UPSC_Previous_Year_Papers
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
71st BPSC Prelims Paper- 2025.pdf
8.7 MB
71st BPSC Prelims Question Paper - 2025
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
UP PCS PRE PAPER 1GS.pdf
23.9 MB
UPPSC Prelims GS 1st paper
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
UPPCS 2025 CSAT PAPER.pdf
4.9 MB
UPPCS Prelims 2025 CSAT PAPER
UPPCS Prelims GS 2nd Paper
UPPCS Prelims GS 2nd Paper
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Nobel Peace Prize 2025
The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the 2025 #NobelPeacePrize to Maria Corina Machado for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela and for her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transition from dictatorship to democracy.
रॉयल नॉर्वेजियन नोबेल समिति ने 2025 का नोबेल शांति पुरस्कार मारिया कोरीना मचाडो को देने का निर्णय लिया है
वेनेज़ुएला के लोगों के लिए लोकतांत्रिक अधिकारों को बढ़ावा देने और तानाशाही से लोकतंत्र की ओर एक न्यायपूर्ण एवं शांतिपूर्ण परिवर्तन के लिए उनके अथक प्रयासों के सम्मान में।
The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the 2025 #NobelPeacePrize to Maria Corina Machado for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela and for her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transition from dictatorship to democracy.
रॉयल नॉर्वेजियन नोबेल समिति ने 2025 का नोबेल शांति पुरस्कार मारिया कोरीना मचाडो को देने का निर्णय लिया है
वेनेज़ुएला के लोगों के लिए लोकतांत्रिक अधिकारों को बढ़ावा देने और तानाशाही से लोकतंत्र की ओर एक न्यायपूर्ण एवं शांतिपूर्ण परिवर्तन के लिए उनके अथक प्रयासों के सम्मान में।
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Nobel Prize in Literature 2025
The 2025 #NobelPrize in Literature is awarded to the Hungarian author László Krasznahorkai “for his compelling and visionary oeuvre that, in the midst of apocalyptic terror, reaffirms the power of art.
2025 का साहित्य का नोबेल पुरस्कार हंगरी के लेखक लास्लो क्रास्नाहोर्काई को दिया गया है.
उनकी प्रभावशाली और दूरदर्शी रचनाओं के लिए, जो प्रलयकारी भय के बीच भी कला की शक्ति की पुनर्पुष्टि करती हैं।
The 2025 #NobelPrize in Literature is awarded to the Hungarian author László Krasznahorkai “for his compelling and visionary oeuvre that, in the midst of apocalyptic terror, reaffirms the power of art.
2025 का साहित्य का नोबेल पुरस्कार हंगरी के लेखक लास्लो क्रास्नाहोर्काई को दिया गया है.
उनकी प्रभावशाली और दूरदर्शी रचनाओं के लिए, जो प्रलयकारी भय के बीच भी कला की शक्ति की पुनर्पुष्टि करती हैं।
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 2025 #NobelPrize in Chemistry to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson and Omar M. Yaghi “for the development of metal–organic frameworks.
रॉयल स्वीडिश एकेडमी ऑफ साइंसेज ने 2025 का रसायन विज्ञान का नोबेल पुरस्कार सुसुमु कितागावा, रिचर्ड रॉबसन और ओमर एम. यागी को देने का निर्णय लिया है
मेटल–ऑर्गेनिक फ्रेमवर्क्स (Metal–Organic Frameworks) के विकास के लिए।.
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 2025 #NobelPrize in Chemistry to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson and Omar M. Yaghi “for the development of metal–organic frameworks.
रॉयल स्वीडिश एकेडमी ऑफ साइंसेज ने 2025 का रसायन विज्ञान का नोबेल पुरस्कार सुसुमु कितागावा, रिचर्ड रॉबसन और ओमर एम. यागी को देने का निर्णय लिया है
मेटल–ऑर्गेनिक फ्रेमवर्क्स (Metal–Organic Frameworks) के विकास के लिए।.
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Nobel Prize in Physics 2025
एक विद्युत परिपथ (electric circuit) में विशाल स्तर पर क्वांटम यांत्रिक टनलिंग (macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling) और ऊर्जा क्वांटीकरण (energy quantisation) की खोज के लिए।
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 2025 #NobelPrize in Physics to John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit.
रॉयल स्वीडिश एकेडमी ऑफ साइंसेज ने 2025 का भौतिकी का नोबेल पुरस्कार जॉन क्लार्क, मिशेल एच. डेवरैट और जॉन एम. मार्टिनिस को देने का निर्णय लिया है एक विद्युत परिपथ (electric circuit) में विशाल स्तर पर क्वांटम यांत्रिक टनलिंग (macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling) और ऊर्जा क्वांटीकरण (energy quantisation) की खोज के लिए।
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025
The 2025 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Marie Brunko, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi for discoveries concerning immune tolerance.फिजियोलॉजी या मेडिसिन के लिए 2025 का नोबेल पुरस्कार मैरी ब्रंको, फ्रेड रैम्सडेल और शिमोन सकागुची को "इम्यून टॉलरेंस" से संबंधित खोजों के लिए प्रदान किया गया हैForwarded from UPSC Prelims Mains Notes
🛡️ *Swaran Singh Committee*
♟️In 1976, Congress Party set up the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee to make recommendations about fundamental duties, the need felt during the operation of the internal emergency (1975–1977).
♟️The committee recommended the inclusion of a separate chapter on fundamental duties in the Constitution.
♟️It stressed that the citizens should
become conscious that in addition to the enjoyment of rights, they also have certain duties to perform as well.
♟️The Congress Government at Centre accepted these recommendations and enacted the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act in 1976.
♟️This amendment added a new part, namely, Part IVA to the Constitution. This new part consists of only one Article, that is, Article 51A.
♟️Though Swaran Singh Committee suggested eight Fundamental Duties in the Constitution, the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1976) included ten Fundamental Duties.
♟️In 1976, Congress Party set up the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee to make recommendations about fundamental duties, the need felt during the operation of the internal emergency (1975–1977).
♟️The committee recommended the inclusion of a separate chapter on fundamental duties in the Constitution.
♟️It stressed that the citizens should
become conscious that in addition to the enjoyment of rights, they also have certain duties to perform as well.
♟️The Congress Government at Centre accepted these recommendations and enacted the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act in 1976.
♟️This amendment added a new part, namely, Part IVA to the Constitution. This new part consists of only one Article, that is, Article 51A.
♟️Though Swaran Singh Committee suggested eight Fundamental Duties in the Constitution, the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1976) included ten Fundamental Duties.
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Notes MCQs Quiz
Happy Diwali everyone May the joy and light of this beautiful Festival brighten your life, today and always.
Happy Diwali to all of you 💐💐💐💐
Happy Diwali to all of you 💐💐💐💐
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Mains Notes
*🛡️Directive Principles Of State policy DPSP*
♟️The constitution of India aims to establish not only political democracy but also socioeconomic justice to the people to establish a welfare state.
♟️These provisions are given in Part IV of Indian Constitution.
♟️Directive Principles of state policy are in the form of instructions to the governments at the centre as well as states.
♟️Though these principles are non justiciable, they are fundamental in the governance of the country.
♟️The idea of the Directive Principles of State Policy has been taken from the
Irish Republic .
♟️The Directive Principles of State policy were incorporated in our constitution in order to provide economic justice and to avoid concentration of wealth in the hands of few people.
♟️The constitution covers from Article 36 to 51 as Directive Principles of State
Policy.
♟️They are unique blend of socialistic, liberal, democratic and Gandhian Principles.
♟️They describe as the ‘conscience of the constitution’.
♟️In the “State of Tamil Nadu etc. Vs L.Abu Kavur Bai” case in 1984 , the Supreme court held that although directive principles of State Policy are not enforceable, yet the court should not avoid them.
♟️The constitution of India aims to establish not only political democracy but also socioeconomic justice to the people to establish a welfare state.
♟️These provisions are given in Part IV of Indian Constitution.
♟️Directive Principles of state policy are in the form of instructions to the governments at the centre as well as states.
♟️Though these principles are non justiciable, they are fundamental in the governance of the country.
♟️The idea of the Directive Principles of State Policy has been taken from the
Irish Republic .
♟️The Directive Principles of State policy were incorporated in our constitution in order to provide economic justice and to avoid concentration of wealth in the hands of few people.
♟️The constitution covers from Article 36 to 51 as Directive Principles of State
Policy.
♟️They are unique blend of socialistic, liberal, democratic and Gandhian Principles.
♟️They describe as the ‘conscience of the constitution’.
♟️In the “State of Tamil Nadu etc. Vs L.Abu Kavur Bai” case in 1984 , the Supreme court held that although directive principles of State Policy are not enforceable, yet the court should not avoid them.
Forwarded from UPSC Prelims Mains Notes
*🛡️LEADER OF THE HOUSE OF THE OPPOSITION*
♟️In each House of Parliament, there is the ‘Leader of the Opposition’. The leader of the largest Opposition party having not less than one-tenth seats of the total strength of the House is recognised as the leader of the Opposition in that House.
♟️In a parliamentary system of government, the leader of the opposition has a significant role to play. His main functions are to provide a constructive criticism of the policies of the government and to provide an alternative government. Therefore, the leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha were accorded statutory recognition in 1977.
♟️They are also entitled to the salary, allowances and other facilities equivalent to that of a cabinet minister.
♟️It was in 1969 that an official leader of the opposition was recognised for the first time. The same functionary in USA is known as the ‘minority leader’.
♟️In each House of Parliament, there is the ‘Leader of the Opposition’. The leader of the largest Opposition party having not less than one-tenth seats of the total strength of the House is recognised as the leader of the Opposition in that House.
♟️In a parliamentary system of government, the leader of the opposition has a significant role to play. His main functions are to provide a constructive criticism of the policies of the government and to provide an alternative government. Therefore, the leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha were accorded statutory recognition in 1977.
♟️They are also entitled to the salary, allowances and other facilities equivalent to that of a cabinet minister.
♟️It was in 1969 that an official leader of the opposition was recognised for the first time. The same functionary in USA is known as the ‘minority leader’.