💡1. False gingival enlargement is caused by:

a. underlying drug induced gingival enlargement
b. underlying inflammation of periodontal ligament
c. underlying dental and osseous structures✔️
d. by epulis

💡 Periodontal pockets can BEST be detected by:

a. Radiographic detection
b. The color of the gingival
c. The contour of the gingival margin
d. Probing the sulcular area.✔️

💡The common etiology of periodontitis is: 
 A. Occlusal trauma 
 B. Systemic factors 
 C. Local irritating factors ✔️
 D. Hormonal defects 

💡Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is commonly associated with: 
 A. Juvenile periodontitis ✔️
 B. Adult periodontitis 
 C. Refractory periodontitis 
 D. All of the above 

💡Most important initiative factor for periodontitis is: 
 A. Dental plaque ✔️
 B. Calculus 
 C. Trauma from occlusion 
 D. Food debris layer 

💡In which of the following conditions is the role of microbial plaque most obscure: 
 A. Periodontitis 
 B. Juvenile periodontitis 
 C. Desquamative gingivitis ✔️
 D. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 

💡Breakdown of periodontal fibers in periodontitis is due to bacterial enzyme: 
 A. Collagenase 
 B. Hyaluronidase ✔️
 C. Coagulase 
 D. None of the above 

💡Severe alveolar bone loss, as observed in juvenile periodontitis ia associated with: 
 A. Cyclic neutropenia 
 B. Lysis of neutrophils 
 C. Increased phagocytosis 
 D. Impaired neutrophil chemotaxis ✔️

💡Increases in steroid hormones are associated with significant increases in: 
 A. Actinomyces viscosus 
 B. Prevotella intermedia ✔️
 C. Streptococcus sanguis 
 D. Campylobacter rectus 

💡Periodontitis is caused by: 
 A. Malnutrition 
 B. Supragingival plaque 
 C. Biofilm ✔️
 D. Faulty toothbrushing 

💡Which one of the following complexes of periodontal microorganisms is associated with bleeding on probing? 
 A. Red complex ✔️
 B. Orange complex 
 C. Green complex 
 D. Yellow complex 

💡The red complex associated with bleeding in probing comprises of: 
 A. E. corrodens, A. actinomycetemcomitans, Capnocytophaga 
 B. A. naeslundii, A. viscosus, A. odontolyticus 
 C. P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, T. denticola ✔️

💡40 years diabetic patient, present clinically with periodontal attachment loss and diagnosed as having periodontitis. According to AAP 1999 classification of periodontal diseases, the type of periodontitis in this case is: .  

A.Aggressive periodontitis.
B.Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease.
C.Chronic periodontitis modified by systemic condition ✔️
D.Generalized aggressive periodontitis

💡Which of the following medications is the MOST likely to cause gingival overgrowth?
a. Calcium Channel Blockers
b. Anticonvulsants✔️
c. Immunosuppressants
d. Insulin

💡Which of the following is a type of conditioned gingival enlargements?
A. Hormonal
B. Nutritional
C. Allergic
D. All of the above✔️

💡Hemiseptum is the other name for?
A. One wall defect✔️
B. Two wall defect
C. Three wall defect
D. None of the above

💡Which of the following is considered most important while investigating for periodontal disease?
A. Presence of bleeding on probing
B. Attachment loss✔️
C. The mobility of the teeth
D. Presence of pain on probing

💡Which of the following clinical sign is first to develop in acute necrotizing gingivitis?
A. Ulceration at the tip of the interdental papilla✔️
B. Swelling of the attached gingival
C. Alveolar bone exposure
D. Bleeding on probing

💡Which of the following antihypertensive medication is known to cause gingival enlargement?
A. Atenolol
B. Nifedipine✔️
C. Enalapril
D. Spironolactone

💡In which of the following condition gingival deformity can be seen?
A. ANUG✔️
B. Internal Resorption
C. Osteosarcoma
D. Cementosis

💡Which of the following is the most common symptom of trauma from occlusion?
A. Increased tooth mobility✔️
B. Root Resorption
C. Tooth pain
D. Widening of the periodontal space