FIRST-TRIMESTER SCREENING 🩺 | SOMedEd

The first-trimester screening analyzes the risk for aneuploidy (e.g., trisomy 18 & 21) by measuring: 🧪

- Pregnancy-associated protein A (PAPP-A) in maternal serum 🩸
- β-hCG 🧬
- Nuchal translucency 📏

Performed between 9 - 13 weeks of gestation; 🤰 Not diagnostic and must be confirmed with villus sampling / amniocentesis 🔬

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ANION GAP | SOMedEd

💡 Anion gap matters in clinical practice: 🩺

• Differentiates metabolic acidosis 🧪
- High AG: DKA, lactic acidosis, uremia, toxins (MUDPILES/GOLD MARK) ⚠️
- Normal AG: diarrhea, RTA, acetazolamide 📉

• Detects mixed/hidden acid–base disorders (e.g., sepsis) 🔍

• Monitors treatment response (e.g., DKA resolution) 📊

• Suggests toxin ingestion (e.g., toxic alcohols, salicylates) ☠️

• Limitation: low albumin can falsely lower AG (consider correction) 📝

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The Diagnosis is Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia | SOMedEd 🩺

🫁Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: a chronic lung condition in preterm infants 👶 caused by prolonged oxygen therapy 💨 and mechanical ventilation 🤖, requiring early recognition 🔍 and long-term respiratory care 🏥.