Most common eye lesion in congenital toxoplasmosis?
Anonymous Quiz
21%
Cataract
62%
Chorioretinitis
7%
Glaucoma
10%
Optic nerve hypoplasia
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Most definitive diagnostic test for congenital toxoplasmosis in newborn?
Anonymous Quiz
62%
PCR
5%
CBC
29%
Urine culture
4%
ESR
â¤2
Cholesteatoma most commonly causes which type of hearing loss?
Anonymous Quiz
23%
Sensorineural hearing loss
58%
Conductive hearing loss
15%
Mixed hearing loss
4%
Central hearing loss
đ2
Pediatrics Questions Channel đđ
Cholesteatoma most commonly causes which type of hearing loss?
Hearing loss in cholesteatoma mainly results from erosion of:
Anonymous Quiz
15%
Cochlea
25%
Vestibulocochlear nerve
42%
Ossicles
18%
Semicircular canals
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Pediatrics Questions Channel đđ
Hearing loss in cholesteatoma mainly results from erosion of:
Cholesteatoma may extend into which adjacent structure causing further complications?
Anonymous Quiz
82%
Mastoid air cells
5%
Thyroid gland
8%
Parotid duct
5%
Carotid body
â¤1đ1
Pediatrics Questions Channel đđ
Cholesteatoma may extend into which adjacent structure causing further complications?
Cholesteatoma is best described as:
Anonymous Quiz
61%
Benign keratinizing squamous epithelium growth
23%
Malignant middle ear tumor
6%
Viral inner ear infection
10%
Congenital ossicular defect
TEF with EA is most commonly associated with which syndrome?
Anonymous Quiz
13%
Down syndrome
67%
VACTERL association
10%
Turner syndrome
10%
Marfan syndrome
Forwarded from Black Lion | School of Medicine đđ
Condyloma lata occur in which stage of syphilis?
Anonymous Quiz
13%
Primary
51%
Secondary
11%
Latent
25%
Tertiary
Why is echocardiography important in TEF with EA?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
To assess lung hypoplasia
81%
To detect congenital heart defects
12%
To evaluate esophageal patency
1%
To assess pulmonary hypertension
đ2â¤1
Laryngomalacia is primarily caused by:
Anonymous Quiz
16%
Fixed subglottic narrowing due to congenital cartilage rigidity
49%
Dynamic collapse of supraglottic structures during inspiration
25%
Neuromuscular weakness of the vocal cords during expiration
10%
Inflammatory edema of the subglottic airway in infancy
đ2
The stridor in laryngomalacia typically:
Anonymous Quiz
12%
Is expiratory and worsens in prone positioning
71%
Is inspiratory and worsens in supine positioning
13%
Is biphasic and independent of body position
3%
Is intermittent and triggered by upper respiratory infection
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Forwarded from Files for Pediatrics and OBGYN | Black Lion đđ
đĻģ CHOLESTEATOMA | SOMedEd
Cholesteatoma is a collection of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear. It is not malignant but is locally destructive.
Usually follows chronic otitis media or a retraction pocket where skin gets trapped.
âī¸ Key pathology
Expands and erodes bone
Affects ossicles, mastoid air cells, sometimes facial nerve
đ Clinical features
Foul-smelling chronic ear discharge
Painless progressive conductive hearing loss
Ear fullness
đ Diagnosis
Otoscopy: pearly white mass
CT temporal bone: bone erosion
đ Treatment
Surgical removal
đ¨ Complications
Conductive hearing loss
Mastoiditis
Facial nerve palsy
Intracranial infection
âī¸ Key clue
Chronic foul-smelling discharge + painless hearing loss = cholesteatoma until proven otherwise
Cholesteatoma is a collection of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear. It is not malignant but is locally destructive.
Usually follows chronic otitis media or a retraction pocket where skin gets trapped.
âī¸ Key pathology
Expands and erodes bone
Affects ossicles, mastoid air cells, sometimes facial nerve
đ Clinical features
Foul-smelling chronic ear discharge
Painless progressive conductive hearing loss
Ear fullness
đ Diagnosis
Otoscopy: pearly white mass
CT temporal bone: bone erosion
đ Treatment
Surgical removal
đ¨ Complications
Conductive hearing loss
Mastoiditis
Facial nerve palsy
Intracranial infection
âī¸ Key clue
Chronic foul-smelling discharge + painless hearing loss = cholesteatoma until proven otherwise
đ2â¤1
The peak severity period of laryngomalacia is:
Anonymous Quiz
29%
First 6 weeks of life with rapid spontaneous resolution
22%
After 18 months with progressive worsening over time
10%
Around 12 months with persistent symptoms into childhood
40%
Four to eight months of age with gradual improvement thereafter
Laryngoscopic finding most consistent with laryngomalacia is:
Anonymous Quiz
6%
Fixed posterior glottic web with reduced vocal cord mobility
62%
Omega-shaped epiglottis with inspiratory supraglottic collapse
11%
Diffuse subglottic granulation tissue with airway narrowing
22%
Paradoxical vocal cord motion during inspiration and expiration
đ1
Most appropriate initial management for uncomplicated laryngomalacia is:
Anonymous Quiz
3%
Early surgical airway intervention with tracheostomy planning
9%
Routine antibiotic therapy to reduce upper airway inflammation
80%
Conservative management with observation and reflux control measures
8%
Inhaled corticosteroids with scheduled bronchoscopy follow-up
Forwarded from Files for Pediatrics and OBGYN | Black Lion đđ
đĻģ LARYNGOMALACIA | SOMedEd
đĻģ Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of inspiratory stridor in infants.
It occurs due to collapse of the supraglottic tissues during inspiration, leading to noisy breathing that typically worsens when the baby is supine and improves when prone.
đ Laryngoscopy may show the classic omega-shaped epiglottis (Ί).
Most cases are mild and resolve spontaneously by 18 months with reassurance and close follow-up. Concurrent gastroesophageal reflux should also be managed when present.
đĻģ Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of inspiratory stridor in infants.
It occurs due to collapse of the supraglottic tissues during inspiration, leading to noisy breathing that typically worsens when the baby is supine and improves when prone.
đ Laryngoscopy may show the classic omega-shaped epiglottis (Ί).
Most cases are mild and resolve spontaneously by 18 months with reassurance and close follow-up. Concurrent gastroesophageal reflux should also be managed when present.
đ3â¤1