A 9-month-old infant is evaluated for developmental milestones. Which gross motor skills are typically expected at this age?

A 12-month-old infant is evaluated for developmental milestones. Which gross motor skill is typically expected at this age?

A 3-year-old child is evaluated for gross motor development. Which of the following skills is typically expected at this age?

A 4-month-old infant presents with a flattened area on one side of the skull but is otherwise healthy and neurologically normal. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 3-month-old infant presents with an abnormally shaped head. On examination, there is ridge formation along the sagittal suture and the head appears long and narrow. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 7-year-old child presents with fever, headache, and myalgia. On exam, there are petechial lesions on the palms and soles that are now spreading to the trunk. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 32-year-old woman presents with recurrent vaginal candidiasis that is refractory to standard antifungal therapy. Which underlying condition should be evaluated first, and what test should be done?

A patient presents with gradual cognitive changes and mild hemiparesis after minor head trauma. Imaging shows a crescent-shaped extra-axial collection. What is the most likely diagnosis, mechanism, and treatment?

A patient presents with a stab wound to the neck involving the upper and middle zones, but is hemodynamically stable and asymptomatic. What is the recommended management?

A newborn is diagnosed with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) with esophageal atresia (EA). Which screening is most appropriate due to commonly associated anomalies?

A 3-month-old infant presents with inspiratory stridor that worsens when supine and improves when prone. Laryngoscopy shows supraglottic collapse during inspiration. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 2-year-old has ptosis, miosis, and facial anhidrosis. Labs: ↑ urine VMA. Imaging: cervical sympathetic chain mass. Most likely diagnosis?

A 3-week-old infant presents with persistent, non-bilious projectile vomiting after feeds. On exam, you palpate a firm “olive-sized” mass in the right upper quadrant. Labs show hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis. Next best step in management?

A 6-week-old infant presents with progressive jaundice, hepatomegaly, and pale stools. Labs show direct hyperbilirubinemia. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A full-term newborn is 30 hours old and has not yet passed urine or meconium. Which is most accurate regarding normal timing?

A 4-day-old newborn has not passed meconium, feeds poorly, and appears hypotonic. Exam shows a large anterior fontanelle and constipation. Most likely cause?

A 3-week-old infant presents with sudden bilious vomiting, abdominal distension, and lethargy. Vital signs show tachycardia and hypotension. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 2-year-old swallows a metallic pin. X-ray shows it lodged in the proximal duodenum. The child is asymptomatic. What is the next best step?

6-month-old infant with hard, infrequent stools, otherwise healthy.
Initial management?

A 3-year-old child presents with recurrent febrile urinary tract infections. Ultrasound shows normal kidneys. Which of the following diagnostic tests is indicated to evaluate for vesicoureteral reflux?