Pathology 51 ๐Ÿ”ฅ
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โญ๏ธ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุงู„ุนู…ุงู…ูŠ @Alomami977

ุทูŠู‘ุจ ู‡ูƒูŠ ู…ุจุฏุฃูŠุง ุจูŠุด ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฏุฑุงูŠุฉ

โœ…ุงู„ู‚ู†ุงุฉ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ (@Pathoo46)

โœ…ุงู„ู…ุนู…ู„ (@Patho_Lab_Hacker)

โœ…ุงู„ุดูˆุฑุช ู†ูˆุช (@Patho_Short_Notes_49)

โœ… ุงู… ุณูŠ ูƒูŠูˆุฒ ู…ุน ุงู„ุดุฑุญ @Pathoo_MCQs


ูˆ ู„ุณู‘ู‡ ุงู„ุฎูŠุฑ ุฌุงูŠ ูŠุง ุฃุจุทุงู„ ๐Ÿซก๐Ÿ”ฅโค๏ธ
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ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุดูˆุฑุช ุงู„ู†ูˆุช ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุนุฉ ู…ู† ูƒูˆุฑุณ ุงู„ุงู…ูŠูˆู†ุชูŠ ูˆ ุฅุฌุงุจุงุชู‡ู† ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠ ุฏูŠ ุฅู ููˆู‚ ๐Ÿ‘†๐Ÿป๐Ÿ‘†๐Ÿป
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ู…ุฑุงุฌุนุฉ ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ ู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุดูˆุฑุช ู†ูˆุช ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุนุฉ ู…ู† ูƒูˆุฑุณ ุงู„ุงู†ููƒุดูˆุณ ุŒ ุญุทูŠุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฌู†ูƒู… ุดูˆุฑุช ู†ูˆุช ููŠ ุจูŠ ุฏูŠ ุฅู ู„ูˆุทุง ๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿป
ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุชู…ู„ุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุฌูŠ ุดูˆุฑุช ู†ูˆุช ู…ู† #ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ูŠุชูƒ #ุจุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุงุช_ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ

1- What are classes of genetic disorders ? (Mandelian and chromosomal aberration and multifactorial disorders)

2- Give the definition of each type ? (Mandelian = single gene defect , Aberration = Defect in structure or number of chromosome, Multifactorial = Depends on Genetic and environmental factors )

3- What are the 5 characters of Autosomal + Recessive disorders ? (ู‚ุงุนุฏุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุตูุญุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 3 ูˆ ุงู„ุตูุญุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 4 ููŠ ุงู„ุดูŠุช)

4- Give 5 example of Autosomal dominant / Autosomal recessive / X linked diseases (ู‚ุงุนุฏุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุตูุญุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 3 ูˆ ุงู„ุตูุญุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 4 ููŠ ุงู„ุดูŠุช)


5- In Marfan syndrome, what is the gene affected ? what are main systems affected ? (mutation in Gene of fibrillin + Skeleton defects + Eye defects + CVS defects)


6- In Ehler Danlos syndrome what is the gene affected ? What are major complication (mutation in gene of Collagen + Rupture of either eye globe or aorta or urinary bladder )


7- In Familial hyperlipidemia what is gene affected ? types and complication of each type : (Gene of LDL receptor + homozygous type lead to MI + Heterozygous type lead to IHD)


8- What are the types of Neurofibromatosis ? where is the mutated gene in each type ? characters of each type ? (ู‚ุงุนุฏุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุตูุญุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 10)


9- In Phenylketoneuria what is the gene mutated ? character of this disease? (gene of Phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme : Bad odor of urine + Mental retardation + skin and hair hypopigmentation + Seuizers)


10- What is the definition of : (Euploid / Aneuploid / Monosomy + Trisomy)


11- Give 5 clinical features of Down syndrome ? (ููŠ ุงู„ุตูุญุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 16 ู…ู† ุงู„ุดูŠุช)


12- Give 5 clinical features of Klinefelter syndrome ? (ููŠ ุงู„ุตูุญุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 21 ููŠ ุงู„ุดูŠุช)


13- Give 5 clinical features of Turner syndrome ? (ููŠ ุงู„ุตูุญุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 19 ููŠ ุงู„ุดูŠุช)

14- What are the indications of prenatal diagnosis of Genetic Disorders ? (4 ู†ู‚ุงุท ููŠ ุงุฎุฑ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุดูŠุช)

ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅุฌุงุจุงุชู‡ู† ู…ุด ู‚ุงุนุฏุงุช ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุทูˆู„ ุŒ ุชู„ู‚ูˆู‡ู† ู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ูˆุทุง ู‡ู†ุง ๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿป๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿป
ู‡ุงู†ุช ุฎู„ุงุต ู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ู†ุฒู„ู„ูƒู… ุดูˆุฑุช ู†ูˆุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูŠูˆุชุดุฑู† ๐Ÿ˜‚โค๏ธโœŒ๐Ÿป
ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุดูˆุฑุช ู†ูˆุช ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุนุฉ ููŠ ูƒูˆุฑุณ #ุงู„ู†ูŠูˆุชุฑุดู†

1- What are the 2 Protein-Energy-Malnutrition Conditions, and what are the differences between them ? (Marsmus with normal albumin levels and no edema, and Kwashiorkor with decreased levels of albumin and with severe edema )


2- What are the most clinically important results of the deficiency of each of the following vitamins : (A,B1,B2,B3,B6,B9,B12,C,D,E,K) ูŠุฌูŠู‡ู† ู„ูƒู… ููŠ ุฌุฏูˆู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูˆ ุชูƒุชุจูˆุง ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ู†ู‚ุตุงู† ูƒู„ ููŠุชุงู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู†


3- What are the results of : (Copper toxicity, Zinc deficiency, iodine deficiency)


4- What are the complications of obesity ? (ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ู„ูˆุทุง)


5- What are the most important pathological complications of bed rest ? (Bed sores + DVT + Osteoporosis + Muscle wasting + Hypostatic pneumonia)


6- Give 3 examples of tumors that are : (sensitive / resistant ) to irritation ? (ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ู„ูˆุทุง)

ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑูู‚ุฉ ๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿป๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿป
ุจูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ุณุจุช ุจุนูˆู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุขุฎุฑ ูŠูˆู… ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ุŒ ุดุฏูˆุง ุงู„ู‡ู…ุฉ ููŠู‡ ูŠุง ุฏูุนุฉ ุŒ ุดู…ุฑูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฐุฑุนุงู†ูƒู… ูˆ ู‚ูˆูˆุง ู‚ู„ูˆุจูƒู… ูˆ ุชูˆูƒู„ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุŒ ูˆ ุฃุจุฏูˆุง ูƒู„ ุญุฏ ููŠูƒู… ูŠุฏูŠุฑ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ู…ุง ุฏุงุฑู‡ู† ูˆ ูŠุจูŠ ูŠุฏูŠุฑู‡ู† ุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ุซุจุช ูŠุซุจุช ุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠุฑุงุฌุน ุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฑูŠ ูƒูˆุฑุณ ูŠู‚ุฑุงู‡ ุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ุณุงู…ุน ุชุณุฌูŠู„ ูŠุณู…ุนู‡ โœŒ๐ŸปโœŒ๐Ÿป๐Ÿ”ฅ๐Ÿ’ช๐Ÿป๐Ÿ’ช๐Ÿป๐Ÿ’ช๐Ÿป

ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุจูŠ ุฃูŠ ุชุณุฌูŠู„ ู…ู† ุชุณุฌูŠู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ูƒุซูุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฏุฑุชู‡ ู„ูƒู… ุŒ ูŠู„ู‚ุงู‡ู† ุจุงู„ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุณุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐูŠ : (https://t.me/Pathoo46/514) โค๏ธ

ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุจูŠ ุงู… ุณูŠ ูƒูŠูˆุฒ ุนู† ุฃูŠ ูƒูˆุฑุณ ู…ู† ูƒูˆุฑุณุงุช ุงู„ุฌู†ุฑุงู„ ุŒ ูŠู„ู‚ุงู‡ู† ู…ุชูˆูุฑุงุช ุจุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ ุจุงู„ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุณุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐูŠ : (https://t.me/Pathoo46/397) โค๏ธ

ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุจูŠ ูŠุนุฑู ุงู„ุดูˆุฑุช ู†ูˆุช ุงู„ู…ุญุชู…ู„ ููŠ ูƒู„ ูƒูˆุฑุณ ุŒ ูŠู„ู‚ุงู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ :-
ุณู„ ุงู†ุฌุฑูŠ ุจุงุฑุช1 (https://t.me/Pathoo46/600)
ุณู„ ุงู†ุฌุฑูŠ ุจุงุฑุช 2 (https://t.me/Pathoo46/604)
ุฃุฏุงุจุชุงูŠุดู† (https://t.me/Pathoo46/609)
ุฃูƒูˆู…ูŠูˆู„ุงูŠุดู† (https://t.me/Pathoo46/612)
ุงู†ูู„ุงู…ูŠุดู† (https://t.me/Pathoo46/622)
ุฑูŠุจูŠุฑ (https://t.me/Pathoo46/632)
ุฃูˆุฏูŠู…ุง (https://t.me/Pathoo46/639)
ุซุฑูˆู…ุจูˆุณุณ (https://t.me/Pathoo46/645)
ุงู†ูุงุฑูƒุดู† ูˆ ุฅู…ุจูˆู„ุฒู… ูˆ ุดูˆูƒ (https://t.me/Pathoo46/652)
ุงู…ูŠูˆู†ุชูŠ (https://t.me/Pathoo46/712)
ุงู†ููƒุดูˆุณ (https://t.me/Pathoo46/716)
ุฌูŠู†ูŠุชูƒ (https://t.me/Pathoo46/718)
ู†ูŠูˆุชุดุฑู† (https://t.me/Pathoo46/728)

ู†ุตูŠุญุชูŠ ู„ูƒู… ุŒ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒู… ุŒ ุฃูŠ ุญุฏ ููŠูƒู… ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฑุฑุด ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠููˆุช ุฃูŠ ูƒูˆุฑุณ ุŒ ุจู„ ุงุณุชู…ุฑูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงูŠุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงูŠุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงูŠุฉ ู„ุนู†ุฏ ุขุฎุฑ ู„ุญุธุฉ ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุญุณ ู…ู†ูƒู… ูˆ ูŠุฏุฑูƒ 100% ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ูƒูˆุฑุณ ู…ุนูŠู† ู…ุด ุญูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠู„ุญู‚ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุŒ ูŠู‚ุฑุง ุฃู‚ู„ ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุดูˆุฑุช ู†ูˆุช ุงู„ู…ุญุชู…ู„ุงุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุŒ ู†ุตูŠุญุฉ ู„ูˆุฌู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ๐Ÿ‘Œ๐Ÿป๐Ÿ‘Œ๐Ÿป

ุฑุจูŠ ูŠูˆูู‚ูƒู… ุฌู…ูŠุนุง ูˆ ูŠุณู‡ู„ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ูŠูุชุญ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
ูˆูŠูุฑุญู†ุง ุจู†ุฌุงุญูƒู… ุฌู…ูŠุนุง ูŠุง ุฑุจ ๐Ÿ™Œ๐Ÿป๐Ÿ™Œ๐Ÿป๐Ÿ’š
#ู†ุณุฃู„_ุงู„ู„ู‡_ู„ู†ุง_ูˆ_ู„ูƒู… _ุงู„ุชูˆููŠู‚
๐Ÿ‘4
Pathology 51 ๐Ÿ”ฅ pinned ยซุจูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ุณุจุช ุจุนูˆู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุขุฎุฑ ูŠูˆู… ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ุŒ ุดุฏูˆุง ุงู„ู‡ู…ุฉ ููŠู‡ ูŠุง ุฏูุนุฉ ุŒ ุดู…ุฑูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฐุฑุนุงู†ูƒู… ูˆ ู‚ูˆูˆุง ู‚ู„ูˆุจูƒู… ูˆ ุชูˆูƒู„ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุŒ ูˆ ุฃุจุฏูˆุง ูƒู„ ุญุฏ ููŠูƒู… ูŠุฏูŠุฑ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ู…ุง ุฏุงุฑู‡ู† ูˆ ูŠุจูŠ ูŠุฏูŠุฑู‡ู† ุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ุซุจุช ูŠุซุจุช ุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠุฑุงุฌุน ุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฑูŠ ูƒูˆุฑุณโ€ฆยป
An HIV-positive intravenous drug user
is suspected of having active tuberculosis,
and a tuberculin (Mantoux) intradermal skin test is performed After 48 hours, 10 cm of induration is observed. Which of the following are involved in this form of HSR?
Anonymous Quiz
11%
B cells and antibodies
8%
Basophils and IgE
16%
Immune complexes and complement
8%
Plasma cells and IgM
58%
T cells and macrophages
Q6 . A 23 years old female patient, comes to the clinic suffering from acute onset of generalized weakness, and difficulty to perform usual activities, laboratory tests were performed, and it was found that she had combination of Anemia,thrompocytopenia and lypmhocytopenia, during physical examination it was noticedd that she had a butterfly like red rash on here face, what is the most possible diagnosis for this condition ?