🏆List of all the winners of the 2024 Best FIFA awards-

🔶Best FIFA Women’s Player – Aitana Bonmatí of Spain and Barcelona football club of Spain.

🔶Best FIFA Men’s Player – Vinícius Junior of Spain and Real Madrid football club of Spain.

🔶Best FIFA Women’s Goalkeeper – Alyssa Naeher of the United States of America.

🔶Best FIFA Men’s Goalkeeper – Emiliano Martínez of Argentina and English club Aston Villa.

🔶Best FIFA Women’s Coach – Emma Hayes, coach of the United States women’s team.

🔶Best FIFA Men’s Coach – Carlo Ancelotti, coach of the Real Madrid football club of Spain.

🔶1st Marta Award – Marta of Brazil.

🔶Puskas Award – Alejandro Garnacho of English football club Manchester United.

🔶FIFA Fair Play Award- Thiago Maia of Brazil.

✍ credit - pihu kaur

🟢 भारत के पूर्व प्रधानमंत्री डॉ. मनमोहन सिंह के बारे में 10 महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य -

1️⃣. डॉ. मनमोहन सिंह का जन्म 26 सितंबर 1932 को पंजाब के गाह (अब पाकिस्तान में) में हुआ था। विभाजन के बाद उनका परिवार भारत आ गया।
Note- निधन -26 December 2024 को हुआ
2️⃣.भारत के 13वें प्रधानमंत्री रहे ( 22 May 2004 – 26 May 2014)
( वे देश के पहले सिख प्रधानमंत्री बने)
3️⃣.RBI के 15वें गवर्नर ( 1982 से 1985) रहे।
4️⃣. 10वें राज्यसभा में विपक्ष के नेता ( 1998 से 2004)
5️⃣. 22वें केंद्रीय वित्त मंत्री रहे ( 21 June 1991 – 16 May 1996 - उस समय प्रधानमंत्री पी. वी. नरसिम्हा राव थे)
6️⃣. डॉ. सिंह ने लोकसभा का चुनाव कभी नहीं लड़ा।
वो राज्यसभा के सदस्य रहे-
➡️असम से: 1 October 1991 – 14 June 2019
➡️ राजस्थान से: 19 August 2019 – 3 April 2024

7️⃣.उन्होंने पंजाब विश्वविद्यालय से अर्थशास्त्र में स्नातक फिर कैम्ब्रिज विश्वविद्यालय से अर्थशास्त्र में प्रथम श्रेणी में डिग्री & ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय से अर्थशास्त्र में डॉक्टरेट की उपाधि (D.Phil) हासिल की।
8️⃣. 1991 के आर्थिक सुधारों के वास्तुकार - डॉ. मनमोहन सिंह ने 1991 में, भारत के वित्त मंत्री रहते हुए, उदारीकरण (Liberalization), निजीकरण (Privatization), और वैश्वीकरण (Globalization) की शुरुआत की, जिसने भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था को संकट से बाहर निकाला।

9️⃣. प्रमुख उपलब्धियां प्रधानमंत्री के रूप में
i. मनरेगा योजना: उनके कार्यकाल में राष्ट्रीय ग्रामीण रोजगार
ii. गारंटी योजना (NREGA) की शुरुआत हुई।
iii. परमाणु समझौता: 2008 में अमेरिका के साथ भारत-अमेरिका परमाणु समझौता हुआ।
1️⃣0️⃣. 1987 में उन्हें पद्म विभूषण से सम्मानित किया गया।

🔷 India's neighboring countries and terrestrial boundary line


🔶Bangladesh
🔷West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram

🔶China
🔷 Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat


🔶Pakistan
🔷Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat

🔶Nepal
🔷Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Sikkim, Bihar


🔶Myanmar
🔷Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram

🔶 Bhutan
Sikkim, West Bengal, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh


🔶Afghanistan
🔷Jammu and Kashmir (PoK)

🔘 Radcliffe Line- This line separates India and Pakistan and India and Bangladesh. Originally this Radcliffe line between India and Pakistan was determined by Sir Cyril Radcliffe in the year 1947. At the time of the determination of this line..

🔘McMahon Line - The McMahon Line separates India from China and was determined by Sir Henry McMahon in the year 1914.

🔘Durand Line - Durand Line separates India from Afghanistan. This line was determined by Sir Henry Mortimer Durand in the year 1896.

✍ Credit - pihu kaur

Happy New Year 🎊

🏆Recent Award

🔶Jamsetji Tata Award by Indian Society for Quality (ISQ) – Kiran Mazumdars

🔶J C Daniel Award for 2023 – J C Daniel Award

🔶Social Security Good Practices at Asia-Pacific forum in Saudi – EPFO

🔶3rd PSU Transformation Award under the “Innovative Product Development” category – Solar
Energy Corporation of India (SECI)

🔶Aster Guardians Global Nursing Award 2024 – Nurse Maria Victoria Juan (from Philippines)

🔶IGBC Green Champion award 2024 – Bhrat Forge Ltd

✍ credit - pihu kaur

🧿 January 1

👨‍👩‍👦 Global Family Day
वैश्विक परिवार दिवस

Theme25 : “Working towards a better future.”

👨‍👩‍👧 This is an annual event that celebrates the importance of families & their role in society. The day aims to promote multiculturalism, pluralism and teaches how to co-exist with each other in peace & harmony.

👨‍👩‍👦It was started in 2000.

👨‍👩‍👦The day promotes the idea of the world being ‘One Global Family’.

🟢 NEWS

🔶UP Government Launched Family ID – One Family One Identity Portal

🔶PM Surya Ghar Yojana (Feb 2024): Central Govt offers 300 units of free electricity per family.

🔷India Won Excellence In Family Planning Leadership (EXCELL) Award

🔶Indra Nooyi Memoir “The Secrets To Balancing Work And Family Life”

🔷Veer Parivar mobile app 
has inaugurated to help the CRPF Shahid family

🏢 Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Founded: 1947
HQ: New Delhi
Minister : Shri Jagat Prakash Nadda
Constituency: Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh

      ✍Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

✅Recent Awards in News

🔶Jamsetji Tata Award by Indian Society for Quality (ISQ) – Kiran Mazumdars

🔶J C Daniel Award for 2023 – J C Daniel Award

🔶Social Security Good Practices at Asia-Pacific forum in Saudi – EPFO

🔶3rd PSU Transformation Award under the “Innovative Product Development” category – Solar
Energy Corporation of India (SECI)

🔶Aster Guardians Global Nursing Award 2024 – Nurse Maria Victoria Juan (from Philippines)

🔶IGBC Green Champion award 2024 – Bhrat Forge Ltd

   

Ⓜ️ President announces governors for 5 states.

🔶  Arif Mohammed Khan, previously serving as the Governor of Kerala, will take on the role of Governor of Bihar.

🔶 Ajay Kumar Bhalla has been appointed as the new Governor of Manipur, replacing Anusuiya Uikey

🔷 Hari Babu Kambhampati former Governor of Mizoram, has been transferred to Odisha

🔷 Vijay Kumar Singh will take over as the Governor of Mizoram.

🔷 Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar, the Governor of Bihar, has been reassigned Kerala.

🔹 The President appoints the governor in the states.

🔹According to Article 155, The Governor of a State shall be appointed by the President.

🔹 Attain an age of a minimum of 35 years.

🔹 The term of governor's office is normally 5 years but it can be terminated earlier.

🪩 January 3

🧘 International Mind-Body Wellness Day
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मन-शरीर कल्याण दिवस

🧘‍♀To learning more about mind-body wellness practices, including yoga and meditation, and connecting with others who share similar beliefs.

🧘‍♂Mind-body wellness is the state of being in harmony with one’s thoughts, emotions, and physical body.

🟢 PYQs

🔸Cerebrum : The largest part of the brain control thought, emotions, reading, writing, and learning.

🔸Cerebellum : Is a part of the brain that plays a vital role in most physical movement.


🟢 NEWS
🔶Olympian PV Sindhu Joins Wellness Brand Hoop As Investor, Brand Ambassador

🔷Noise Acquires Women’s Wellness Platform SocialBoat To Bolster Smart Ring Innovation

🔶CJI Chandrachud Inaugurates Ayush Wellness Center At Supreme Court Premises

🔷Center Renames Ayushman Bharat Health And Wellness Centers To Ayushman Arogya Mandir

      ✍Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

🫖🪴Major Environmental Conventions

🍬 Ramsar Convention
It is called the Convention on Wetlands.
It was adopted in 1971 in the city of ‘Ramsar’ in Iran.
Enforced in 1975.

 🍬 Bonn Convention
It is a convention on the conservation of migratory species of wild animals.
It was adopted in 1979.
Enforced in 1983.

 🍬 Vienna Convention
Related to the protection of the ozone layer.
Adopted in 1985.
Enforced in 1988.

 🍬 Montreal Protocol
An international environmental protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer.
Adopted in 1987.
Enforced in 1989.

 🍬Basel Convention
Related to the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal.
Adopted in 1989.
Enforced in 1992.

🍬  Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
Related to conservation of biodiversity.
Adopted in 1992.
Enforced in 1993.

🍬Rotterdam Convention
Related to prior informed consent procedure for certain hazardous chemicals and pesticides in international trade.
Adopted in 1998.
Enforced in 2004.

🍬 Kigali Convention
Related to ozone depletion (Amendment to the Montreal Protocol).
Adopted in 2016.
Enforced in 2019.

🍬Cartagena Protocol
It is an international environmental protocol on biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Adopted in 2000.
Enforced in 2003.

🍬Stockholm Convention
Related to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs).
Adopted in 2001 at Geneva, Switzerland.
Enforced in 2004.

🍬Nagoya Protocol
Related to access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilization (ABS)
Adopted in 2010. Enforced in 2014.

🍬Kyoto Protocol
Related to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Adopted in 1997.
Enforced in 2005.

  🍬Minamata Convention
To protect human health and the environment from the adverse effects of mercury.
Adopted in 2013.
Enforced in 2017.

✍ credit - pihu kaur

❇️ 4 January

🙌 World Braille Day
विश्व ब्रेल दिवस

🟢 World Braille Day is observed every year in memory of Louis Braille, the inventor of the Braille script. He was born on January 4, 1809.

🔶 Louis discovered the Braille script only at the age of 15. It was made for the visually impaired. The method in Braille is named after him.

🔶 Braille is a tactile writing system. It is written on a special type of raised paper.

🟢PYQs
▪️It’s code was based on 12 dots.
▪️The 12 dots were placed in rows of 66.
▪️Myopia- Nearsighted : close objects appear clearly, but far ones don't.
▪️Hypermetropia- Farsighted : nearby objects are blurry.

🟢 NEWS
🔷PNB Launches Special Braille Debit Card For Visually Impaired Customers

🔶Neuralink, founded by Elon Musk, developed ‘Blindsight,’ a brain-chip device to assist blind individuals.

🔷“MANI” To Help Visually Challenged To Identify Currency Notes

▪️World Sight Day -13 October
     
✍Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

🟢 JANUARY 2024 BOOK RELEASES

🔶Ek Samandar, Mere Andar - Sanjeev Joshi
🔷Gandhi: A Life in Three Campaigns – M.J. Akbar & K. Natwar
🔶Four Stars of Destiny – General Manoj Mukund Naravane
🔷Fertilising the Future: Bharat’s March Towards Fertiliser Self-Sufficiency – Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya

🔶Ram Mandir Rashtra Mandir Ek Sanjhi Virast – Geeta Singh & Arif Khan Bharti

✅Daily The Hindu Vocabulary | 05.01.2025


1. ACQUITTAL (NOUN): (दोषमुक्ति): absolution
Synonyms: clearing, exoneration
Antonyms: conviction
Example Sentence:The trial resulted in an acquittal.


2. REVOLUTIONARY (ADJECTIVE): (संपूर्ण): thoroughgoing
Synonyms: thorough, complete
Antonyms: conventional
Example Sentence:He invented a revolutionary new drug.


3. ALLIANCE (NOUN): (संबंध): affinity
Synonyms: relationship, association
Antonyms: distance
Example Sentence:An alliance between medicine and morality needs to be established.


4. COUP (NOUN): (तख्तापलट): overthrow
Synonyms: takeover, ousting
Antonyms: election
Example Sentence:He was overthrown in an army coup.


5. DISSOLVE (VERB): (रद्द करना): disperse
Synonyms: disband, break up
Antonyms: join
Example Sentence:Their marriage has been dissolved.


6. SCRAP (VERB): (फेंक देना): throw away
Synonyms: throw out, get rid of
Antonyms: keep
Example Sentence:A bold decision was taken to scrap existing plant.


7 DISPROPORTIONATE (ADJECTIVE): (अकारण): unreasonable
Synonyms: inordinate, excessive
Antonyms: proportional
Example Sentence:People on lower incomes spend a disproportionate amount on fuel.


8. DISINTEREST (NOUN): (निष्पक्षता): impartiality
Synonyms: neutrality objectivity
Antonyms: bias
Example Sentence:I do not claim any scholarly disinterest with this book.


9. WITHDRAW (NOUN): (समाप्त करना): abolish
Synonyms: cancel, lift
Antonyms: introduce
Example Sentence:The party threatened to withdraw its support for the government.


10. EQUITY (NOUN): (न्याय संगतता): fairness
Synonyms: justice, fair play
Antonyms: inequity
Example Sentence:Equity of treatment should be ensured everywhere.

Ꭻᴏɪɴ🔥 ⃝➥ @EnglishquizzClub
Ꭻᴏɪɴ🔥 ⃝➥ @english_mcq

🧰50th G-7 Summit
💠The first G7 summit was held in November 1975 at the Chateau de Rambouillet, a location outside of Paris.
💼The 50th G7 Summit took place from June 13 to 15, 2024, in Fasano, Apulia, Italy
🔶Host country- Italy
🔷 Venue- Apulia city
🔶Chaired by- Italian Prime Minister Giorgio Meloni.
🔷Earlier it was hosted by Hiroshima, while next year in 2025 it will be hosted by Canada.

🧰G -7
💠The Group of 24 (G-24) was established in 1971 as a chapter of the Group of 77 in order to help coordinate the positions of developing countries.
🔶 G -7 is a group of countries with the 07 largest advanced economies in the world.
🔷It was established in the year 1975.
🔶 Its member countries are- United Kingdom, United States, Japan, France, Canada, Germany and Italy.

        ✍ credit - pihu kaur

🧿 January 6

🙌 World War Orphans Day
विश्व युद्ध अनाथ दिवस

Theme 2024 : “Orphan Lives Matter” and “Standing Up for War-Affected Children”

▪️Orphan: a child whose parents are dead

🙍🏻The purpose of the day is to spread awareness globally about the need to protect the human rights of children orphaned by wars and to generate efforts to secure a better tomorrow for them.

🙍🏻‍♂The World Day of War Orphans was initiated by the French organization

🙍🏻As per UNICEF, a child under 18 years of age who has lost one or both parents to any cause of death is considered an orphan.

🟢 NEWS
🔶Sindhutai Sapkal Popular As ‘Mother Of Orphans’ Passes Away

🔷Uttarakhand CM Declared Vatsalya Yojana For Orphan Children

🏢 Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Founded: 1947
HQ: New Delhi
Minister : Shri Jagat Prakash Nadda
Constituency: Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh

✍Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

💠Important BOOKS & AUTHOR

1.Why Bharat Matters
Authored by S. Jaishankar, India's Minister of External Affairs, this book delves into India's foreign policy, emphasizing the nation's growing role on the global stage and its cultural heritage.

2.The Golden Road: How Ancient India Transformed the World
Written by historian William Dalrymple, this work explores how India's ideas and influences spread throughout Eurasia, shaping civilizations over centuries.

3.Mastering The Data Paradox
Nitin Seth's second book addresses the challenges and strategies of leveraging data in the digital age, offering insights into successful digital transformation.

4.Quantum Nation: India's Leap Into the Future
Authored by L. Venkata Subramaniam, this book explores India's strategic initiatives in quantum technology, positioning the nation as a leader in the global quantum revolution.

5.Quarterlife
A debut novel by Devika Rege, it follows a newly wealthy family in Mumbai post-2014 elections, capturing the socio-political landscape of contemporary India.

6 .Age of Vice
Deepti Kapoor's novel delves into the moral and political corruption among India's elite, offering a gripping narrative set against the backdrop of modern India.

7.Modi's India
Christophe Jaffrelot provides an in-depth analysis of the rise of Hindu nationalism and its impact on India's political landscape under Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

8.The Age of the Strongman
Gideon Rachman examines the global trend of strongman leaders, including insights into India's political dynamics.

9.Another England
Caroline Lucas reflects on democratic challenges in the UK, with parallels to political developments in other democracies, including India.

10Raag Darbari
A classic novel by Shrilal Shukla, it offers a satirical portrayal of politics and society in rural India, remaining relevant to contemporary readers.

✍ credit - pihu kaur

🦠 HMPV virus

🦠The peak age of hospitalization for infants with HMPV occurs between 6–12 months of age, slightly older than the peak of RSV, which is around 2–3 months. The clinical features and severity of HMPV are similar to those of RSV. HMPV is also an important cause of disease in older adults. A notable outbreak of HMPV has been observed through the end of 2024 in china

😷HMPV virus: First case detected in Bengaluru hospital; baby tests positive, says report

😷An eight-month-old baby has been detected with the HMPV virus in Bengaluru, according to reports.

This makes it the first case in India amid a surge in such cases in China.

😷HMPV वायरस: बेंगलुरु के अस्पताल में पहला मामला पाया गया; रिपोर्ट में कहा गया है कि शिशु का परीक्षण सकारात्मक आया*

😷रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, बेंगलुरु में आठ महीने के शिशु में HMPV वायरस पाया गया है।

चीन में ऐसे मामलों में वृद्धि के बीच यह भारत में पहला मामला है।

🏆Golden Globes 2025

🎥Best Supporting Male Actor – Motion Picture – Kieran Culkin (A Real Pain)
🎥Best TV Male Actor – Drama Series – Hiroyuki Sanada (Shogun)
🎥Best Supporting Female Actor – Motion Picture – Zoe Saldana
🎥Best TV Female Actor – Musical/Comedy Series – Jean Smart
🎥Best TV Male Actor Musical/Comedy Series – Jeremy Allen White
🎥Best Supporting Actor – TV – Tadanobu Asano (Shogun)
🎥Best Screenplay – Motion Picture – Peter Straughan (Conclave)
🎥Best Stand-Up Comedian on TV – Ali Wong
🎥Best Picture – Non English – Emilia Perez (France)
🎥Best TV Male Actor Limited Series, Anthology Series or TV Motion Picture – Colin Farrell (The Penguin)
🎥Best TV Female Actor Limited Series, Anthology Series or TV Motion Picture – Jodie Foster (True Detective: Night Country)
🎥Best Supporting Female Actor – TV – Jessica Gunning (Baby Reindeer)
🎥Best Supporting Male Actor – TV – Tadanobu Asano
🎥Best Animated Motion Picture – Flow
🎥Best Female Actor Motion Picture – Musical/Comedy – Demi Moore (The Substance)
🎥Best Male Actor Motion Picture – Musical/Comedy – Sebastian Stan (The Different Man)
🎥Best Song – Motion Picture – El Mal (Emilia Perez)
🎥Cinematic & Box Office Achievement – ​​Wicked
🎥Best Score Motion Picture – Trent Reznor & Atticus Ross (Challengers)
🎥Best Director Motion Picture – Brady Corbet (The Brutalist)

✍ credit - pihu kaur

🟢 QUESTION RELATED TO BOOKS AND AUTHOR'S Conducted by TCS [RRB JE 2024]

1. In which year was 'Heirloom Treasures: The Cultural Tapestry of India' by Arunima Hoskote published? 2020

2. In which year was 'Indian Culture: A Compendium of Indian History, Culture and Heritage' published? 2021

3. In which year was 'Reflections on Mughal Art & Culture' published? 2021

4. Who is the author of 'Postcolonial Elements in Amitav Ghosh's The Shadow Lines,' published in 2018? Nivedhaa Nivi

5. Who is the author of 'Fiction as History: The Novel and the City in Modern North India,' published in 2019? Vasudha Dalmia

6. In which language was the classic Indian novel 'Chandrakanta' originally written? Hindi

7. Who is the author of 'The Great Indian Novel,' published in 2011? Shashi Tharoor

8. Who is the author of 'Segar: Autobiography with Paintings,' published in 2013? D Raja Segar

9. The author of the famous novel 'Midnight's Children' is: Salman Rushdie.

#Revision #GA #RRB #SSC #NTPC #GroupD

🟢 QUESTION RELATED TO ART &  CULTURE Conducted by TCS [RRB JE 2024]

1.Quwwat-al-islam mosque is located in which of the following cities? - New Delhi

2.What is the name of the famous temple complex in Tamil Nadu, known for its Dravidian architecture and 1,000-pillar hall? - Meenakshi Temple

3.What is one of the main attractions of 'Mamallapuram' apart from the dance festival ? - Architectural beauty of temples

4.What is the primary function of 'viharas' in Buddhist architecture?
- To serve as residential places for Buddhist priests.

5.What architectural style is the Meenakshi Amman Temple known for? - Dravidian

6.One of the famous Kali temples in India, Kalighat, is located in which of the following Indian states? - West Bengal

7.At which of the following places is the tomb of Sher Shah located? -Sasaram

8.Which UNESCO World Heritage Site is a cave complex with stunning paintings and sculptures, located in Maharashtra? - Ajanta Caves

9.The Great Stupa at Sanchi is an important site in which religion? -Buddhism

#Revision #GA #RRB #SSC #NTPC #GroupD

✍ credit - pihu kaur