🤝 IMPORTANT TREATY AND AGREEMENTS

1. सिंधु जल समझौता - 1960
2. ताशकंद समझौता - 1966
3. शिमला समझौता - 1972
4. लाहौर घोषणा - 1999
5. आगरा सम्मिट - 2001

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1. Indus Water Treaty - 1960
2. Tashkent Agreement - 1966
3. Shimla Agreement - 1972
4. Lahore Declaration - 1999
5. Agra Summit - 2001

🟢 उत्तर दक्षिण संवाद से संबंधित सम्मेलन:

1. कानकुन सम्मेलन - अक्टूबर 1981
2. अंकटाड़ सम्मेलन - 23 मार्च 1964
3. पेरिस सम्मेलन - 1975
4. ब्रांट आयोग - 1977
5. पृथ्वी सम्मेलन - 1992
6. उरुग्वे वार्ता - 1986-1994

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🟢 Conferences related to North-South Dialogue:

1. Cancun Conference - October 1981
2. UNCTAD Conference - 23 March 1964
3. Paris Conference - 1975
4. Brandt Commission - 1977
5. Earth Summit - 1992
6. Uruguay Dialogue - 1986-1994

1.फर्स्ट पास्ट द पोस्ट सिस्टम -- USA
2.द्वितीय मतदान प्रणाली -- फ्रांस
3.वैकल्पिक मत प्रणाली -- ऑस्ट्रेलिया
4.अतिरिक्त सदस्य प्रणाली --जर्मनी
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1.First Past the Post System -- USA
2.Second Vote System -- France
3.Alternative Vote System -- Australia
4.Additional Member System -- Germany

🔵Important committee

▪️होता समिति 2002 से 2004 सिविल सेवा में सुधार
▪️संथानम समिति 1962 भ्रष्टाचार की रोकथाम
▪️सरकारिया आयोग 1983 केंद्र राज्य संबंध
▪️यशपाल समिति 1992 उच्च शिक्षा में सुधार


▪️Hota Committee 2002 to 2004 Reforms in Civil Services

▪️Santhanam Committee 1962 Prevention of Corruption

▪️Sarkaria Commission 1983 Center State Relations

▪️Yashpal Committee 1992 Reforms in Higher Education

🟢Important Index 2024

▫️World Cyber ​​Crime - 10th
▫️World Press Freedom Index - 159th
▫️Travel and Tourism Development Index -39th
▫️World Well-being Report - 126th
▫️Democracy Index - 41st
▫️Corruption Perception Index - 93rd
▫️Gender Equality Index 129
▫️Global Gender Gap Index - 129th
▫️Environmental Performance Index -176th
▫️Global Energy Transition Index - 63rd

✍ Credit -  Pihu kaur⋆˙

पर्यावरण से संबंधित सम्मेलन👇👇

💥 क्योटो प्रोटोकॉल - ग्रीन हाउस गैसों के उत्सर्जन में कमी, ग्लोबल वार्मिंग से संबंधित

💥 स्टॉकहोम सम्मेलन, 1972: - 5 जून को विश्व पर्यावरण दिवस घोषित किया गया

💥 कार्टाजोना प्रोटोकॉल : - जैव विविधता से संबंधित (2003 से प्रभावी)

💥 नागोया प्रोटोकॉल (2010): - जैव विविधता से संबंधित, आईची लक्ष्यों की घोषणा की गयी। (लक्ष्यों की संख्या - 20)

💥 रियो+20 (2012): - रियो डी जेनेरियो में आयोजित। हरित अर्थव्यवस्था एवं सतत विकास से संबंधित।

💥 विएना समझौता (1985): - ओजोन परत संरक्षण से संबंधित

💥ANTRA मोंट्रियल प्रोटोकॉल (1987): - ओजोन परत के संरक्षण से संबंधित

💥 बेसल कन्वेंशन (1989): - खतरनाक अपशिष्टों के अंतर्सीमा स्थानांतरण एवं निस्तारण से संबंधित ।

💥 हेलसिंकी सम्मेलन (1974): - समुद्री पर्यावरण सुरक्षा से संबंधित

💥 मिनीमाता कन्वेंशन (2013): - पारा के नियंत्रण से संबंधित



Conferences related to environment👇👇

💥 Kyoto Protocol - Reduction in emission of greenhouse gases, related to global warming

💥 Stockholm Conference, 1972: - 5 June was declared as World Environment Day

💥 Cartagona Protocol: - Related to biodiversity (effective from 2003)

💥 Nagoya Protocol (2010): - Related to biodiversity, Aichi targets were announced. (Number of targets - 20)

💥 Rio+20 (2012): - Held in Rio de Janeiro. Related to green economy and sustainable development.

💥 Vienna Convention (1985): - Related to ozone layer protection

💥ANTRA Montreal Protocol (1987): -
Related to ozone layer protection

💥 Basel Convention (1989): - Related to inter-boundary transfer and disposal of hazardous wastes.

💥 Helsinki Convention (1974): - Related to marine environmental protection

💥 Minamata Convention (2013): - Related to the control of mercury

✅Tripura

🌻Lok Sabha seats – 2.
🌻Rajya Sabha seats – 1.
🌻State Animal – Phayre's leaf monkey.
🌻State Bird – Green imperial pigeon.

✅Meghalaya
🌻Lok Sabha seats – 2.
🌻Rajya Sabha seats – 1.
🌻State Animal – Clouded leopard.
🌻State Bird – Common hill myna.

✅Manipur
🌻Lok Sabha seats – 2.
🌻Rajya Sabha seats – 1.
🌻State Animal – Sangai.
🌻State Bird – Mrs. Hume's pheasant.


✍ Credit -  Pihu kaur⋆˙

🟢 INDIA'S GOVERNMENT TARGETS:

1. 100% electrification of Broad Gauge routes by 2023.
2. Connecting all state capitals in Northeast with rail network by 2023.
3. Achieving self-reliance in fertilizer sector by 2023.
4. Completing Delhi-Mumbai Expressway by 2023.
5. Zero diesel use and renewable energy in agriculture by 2024.
6. Launching digital radio, water supply in every household by 2024.
7. Building a $5 trillion economy by 2024-25.
8. Achieving $1 trillion digital economy by 2025.
9. Fiber optic connectivity in all villages by 2025.
10. Making India TB-free by 2025.
11. Mixing 20% ethanol in petrol by 2025.
12. Obtaining 100 million metric tons of coal gasification and 500 gigawatts of renewable energy by 2030.
13. Achieving 280 gigawatts of solar energy and reducing carbon emissions by one billion tons by 2030.
14. Ending HIV/AIDS by 2030.
15. Indian Railways achieving net-zero carbon emission or Green Railways by 2030.
16. Targeting 30% electric vehicles in the total vehicle fleet by 2030.
17. Complete elimination of malaria in India by 2030.
18. Reducing Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) usage by 80% by 2047.
19. Making India energy-independent/self-reliant by 2047.
20. Achieving self-sufficiency in shipbuilding by 2047.
21. Zero carbon emissions in Mumbai city by 2050.

🔵 6th AUGUST

❇️ HIROSHIMA REMEMBRANCE DAY
हिरोशिमा स्मरण दिवस

💠 On August 6, 2024, Japan marks the 78th anniversary of the world’s first atomic bomb attack on the city of Hiroshima.

💠 In 1945, the United States warplane Enola Gay dropped an atom bomb named “Little Boy” in the city of Hiroshima killing 140,000 people.

💠 Why the atom bomb?
The relations between Japan and the USA worsened after the end of World War II in 1945.

🟢 NEWS RELATED TO JAPAN

🔸India-Japan conducted a Maritime Partnership exercise (MPX) in the Andaman Sea

🔸Japan to participate in NATO summit for the first time

🔸Japan’s ‘Order of the Rising Sun’ award conferred to Narayanan Kumar

🔸Ecuador, Japan, Malta, Mozambique, Switzerland Elected non-permanent members for 2023-24 to the UNSC

🔸Third India-Japan joint exercise ‘EX DHARMA GUARDIAN-2022’

🔸Former Japan PM Shinzo Abe given Netaji Award 2022

🔸Japan introduced the world’s 1st Dual-Mode Vehicle

✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

🟢 Agreement & Treaty

- सिंधु जल समझौता 1960
- ताशकंद समझौता 1966
- शिमला समझौता 1972
- लाहौर घोषणा 1999
- आगरा सम्मिट 2001

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- Indus Water Treaty 1960
- Tashkent Agreement 1966
- Shimla Agreement 1972
- Lahore Declaration 1999
- Agra Summit 2001

✍ Credit -  Pihu kaur⋆˙

🟢 NEWS
🔷 FIFA RANKING
▪️India are now ranked 22nd in Asia and 124th in the world.

🔷 Players of the Year 2023-24 at the AIFF
▪️ Mens - Lallianzuala Chhangte
▪️ Women’s - Indumathi Kathiresan

🔷UPSC chairman Manoj Soni confirms resignation

❇️ 7 August

🥇 National Javelin Day
राष्ट्रीय भाला दिवस

🥇 The Athletics Federation of India (AFI)celebrate across the country to commemorate one of the greatest moments in the country's sporting history, Neeraj Chopra's Olympic gold medal.

🟢 NEWS
🔶Gold at Tokyo Olympic & Kuortane Games

🔶Silver in World Athletics Championship 2022 & The Diamond League

🔶Wins Sportsman of the Year award: Sportstar Aces 2022

🔶Honoured with Param Vishisht Seva Medal

🔶The man with Golden Arm 2022

🔶Sets National Record With 89.30M

🔶Renamed Army Sports Institute, Pune as “Neeraj Chopra Stadium”

🔶‘Golden Boy Neeraj Chopra’ by Navdeep Singh Gill

🔶Nominated for Laureus World Breakthrough of the Year Award

🔶 Brand Ambassador
▪️GoodDot
▪️Tata AIA Life
▪️Coca-Cola signed for Limca Sportz promotion
▪️RBI appoints for Banking Fraud Awareness Campaign

✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ✪

🟢 IMPORTANT TRIBES OF INDIA:

1. Bonda - Orissa
2. Katkari - Maharashtra, Gujarat
3. Sahariya - M.P., Rajasthan
4. Baiga - M.P.
5. Asur and Paharia - Jharkhand
6. Reang/Bru - Tripura, Mizoram
7. Chenchu - Andhra Pradesh
8. Konda Reddy - Andhra Pradesh
9. Onge, Jarawa, and Sentinels - Andaman and Nicobar
10. Chakma - Mizoram
11. Angami - Nagaland
12. Santhal - Jharkhand
13. Changpa - Ladakh
14. Parivara, Talwara, and the Siddi Community Tribes - Karnataka

#Rivers_Series

◾️ BEAS RIVER

1. Rises at BEAS KUND near southern face of Rohtang pass in Kullu.

2. It cuts through a Dhauladhar range in a deep gorge near Koti and Larji.

3. Then it flows from North to South along Manali and Kullu Towns.

4. Further down, It flows through a Kangra valley and then turns west to enter the Punjab plain.

5. It finally passes through Kapurthala and Amritsar and joins sutlej near Harike.

❇️ 9th AUGUST

🔴 International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples
विश्व के स्वदेशी लोगों का अंतर्राष्ट्रीय दिवस

🔹 Theme24 : “Protecting the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Voluntary Isolation and Initial Contact”

🔹 To Raise awareness and protect the rights of the world's indigenous population.

🔹 First pronounced by the United Nations General Assembly in December 1994.

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📮World Tribal Day
Cabinet Minister and Ministry

📮NAGASAKI DAY

📮Karori Train Robbery memorial Day

🏢 United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) :
▪️ Est. : 1945
▪️ Headquarters: New York, US
▪️ President:  H.E. Csaba Kőrösi(77th)

✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

🙏🏻A. P. J. Abdul Kalam🙏🏻

💠Born : 15 October 1931, Rameswaram TN

💠Died : 27 July 2015, Shillong Meghalaya

💠Full name : Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam

💠He was an Indian aerospace scientist and politician

💠11th President of India from 2002 to 2007

💠Before being elected as the President also served as Chief Scientific Adviser to the PM and Secretary of DRDO

💠Bharat Ratna Awarded : 1997

💠Known as the "Missile Man of India" 

🏆 IMPORTANT AWARDS
1997: Bharat Ratna
1981: Padma Bhushan
1990: Padma Vibhushan
1997: Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration
1998: Veer Savarkar Award
2000: SASTRA Ramanujan Prize – Shanmugha Arts, Science,Technology & Research Academy, India
2013: Von Braun Award

📚BOOKS OF APJ ABDUL KALAM
📯Wings of Fire : Autobiography 
📯India 2020
📯Ignited Minds
📯Target 3 Billion
📯Turning Points
📯You Are Born To Blossom
📯My Journey
📯A Manifesto for Change
📯Advantage India
📯Reignited

💠 Wheeler Island rename Dr. Abdul Kalam Island

✍Credit : Tk Gupta

📊 CENSUS FACT for CGL

•Henry Walter is known as the father of the Indian Census.
• The Census was first started under British Viceroy Lord Mayo in 1872.
• The first synchronous census was taken under British rule on February 17, 1881, by W.C. Plowden, Census Commissioner of India.
• During that time Lord Ripon was Viceroy of India.
• The first census of Independent India was conducted in 1951, which was the seventh census in its continuous series.
• Census 2011 was the 15th National Census of the country since 1872 and the 7th after Independence.

📈 Most Repeated Question
• The year of the Great Divide - 1921
• State with the highest population density – Bihar (1102)
• State with the lowest population density – Arunachal Pradesh (17)
• Union territory with Highest population – New Delhi (11320)
• Union territory with least population – Lakshadweep
• State with the highest population – Uttar Pradesh
• State with the lowest population – Sikkim
• State with the highest sex ratio – Kerala
• State with the lowest sex ratio – Haryana
• State with the highest literacy rate – Kerala
• State with the lowest literacy rate – Bihar
• State largest rural population –
Up> Maharashtra> MP>Punjab
• The most populous tribe - Bhil
• Literacy Rate in India (Category)
• 74.04 % is Overall
• 82.14% for Males
• 65.46% for Females
• 16.68% diffrence between M & F