🦚 8 WONDERS OF THE WORLD

▪️ Campaign - Swiss Foundation (2000)
▪️ Announcement - 2007 (7 Wonders)

Wonders / Country / Constructed

1 - Colosseum - Rome (Italy) / Emperor Vespasian (72-80 AD)

2 - Machu Picchu - Cusco (Peru) / Inca Empire (1450-60 AD)

3 - Petra - Petra - (Jordan) / Nabataeans (312 BC)

4 - Taj Mahal - (Agra) India / Shah Jahan (1632-53 AD)

5 - Christ the Redeemer (Brazil) / Rio de Janeiro (Location) (1922-31 AD)

6 - Great Wall of China - (China) / Qin Dynasty, Ming Dynasty (7th century)

7 - Chichen Itza - (Mexico) / Maya-Toltec Civilization (5th-13th century)

8 - Angkor Wat - (Cambodia) / Hindu-Buddhist temple (12th century)

❇️ 6 December

⛏ National Miner's Day
राष्ट्रीय खान दिवस

⛏ National Miners Day, December 6, was established in 2009 to remember miners who died working in the mines and to honor the hard work and commitment of today’s miners.

🔶 World's Biggest Pink Diamond Mine in Australia Stops Production

🔷 TOP MINERAL PRODUCING STATE
URANIUM - Jharsuguda, Jharkhand
DIAMOND ( Panna ) - MP

🔷IRON MINES
Pathikonda - Karnataka
Mayurbhanj - Odisha
Ratnagiri - Maharashtra

🔷GOLD - Karnataka
COAL - Chhattisgarh

🟢NEWS
🔶Khanan Prahari App Helping To Curb Illegal Coal Mining Activities Through Public Participation

🔷Adani Enterprises To Deploy Hydrogen-Powered Trucks For Mining

🔶 Tata Steel Mining Signs MoU With GAIL To Get Clean Fuel

🏢 Ministry of Mines
▪️Prahalad Joshi (Dharwad , Karnataka)

Note :
🔶 4 April : International Day for Mine Awareness
Theme23: "Mine Action Cannot Wait”

✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ✪

❇️ 7 December

🇭🇷 Armed Forces Flag Day
सशस्त्र सेना झंडा दिवस

🔸It is an annual day that is observed to honour the martyrs and the men in uniform who serve our country.

🔹On August 28, 1949, a committee was set up.

🔸The primary idea behind the Indian Armed Forces Flag Day was to distribute small flags to the civilians & collect donations for the soldiers in return

🟢 NEWS
🔶 Dimension Length to Height 3:2.

🔷World's largest Khadi flag displayed in Jaisalmer

🔶The National Flag of India was designed by Pingali Venkayya

🟢SIGNIFIES
White - Truth and Peace (of truce or surrender)
Saffron - Courage and Sacrifice
Green - Faith and Chivalry
Chakra - 24 spokes
Ashoka Chakra - Ancient Culture and Peaceful Change

🟢 HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
CDS: Lt General Anil Chauhan
Air Chief: Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari
Army Chief: Manoj Pandey
Naval Chief: Admiral R. Hari Kumar
DRDO Chief: Samir V. Kamat
ITBP Head: Shri Anish Dayal Singh
CISF DG: Shri Sheel Vardhan Singh

✍Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

📫 Environment Related Days 📫

☃️World Wetlands Day - 02 Feb

☃️World Wildlife Day - 03 March

☃️International Day of Action for Rivers - 14 March

☃️International Day of Forests - 21 March

☃️World Water Day - 22 March

☃️World Meteorological Day - 23 March

☃️Earth Day - 22 Apr

☃️International Day for Biological Diversity - 22 May

☃️World Environment Day - 05 June

☃️World Oceans Day - 08 June

☃️International Climate Change Day - 21 June

☃️World Rainforest Day - 22 June

☃️World Nature Conservation Day
- 28 July

☃️Ozone Day - 16 Sep

☃️World Environmental Health Day - 26 Sep

☃️World Rivers Day - Last Sunday of September

☃️World Animal Day - 4 Oct

☃️International Day of Climate Action - 24 Oct

☃️World Fisheries Day - 21 Nov

☃️World Soil Day - 05 Dec

☃️International Mountain Day - 11 Dec

📝Credit :- Tk Gupta

🍄Some Important Fact About Environment

♻️National Environment Research Institute - Nagpur MH

♻️Study of Environment - Ecology

♻Eco mark is given to an Indian product - Environment Friendly

♻️Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment - 1972

♻️Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro - 1992

♻️Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty - 1992

♻️International Carbon Action Partnership(ICAP) - 2007

♻️Art 48A of the Indian Constitution "Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of Forests and wildlife"

♻️Dia Mirza Goodwill ambassador of UNEP

♻️Viswanathan Anand Joins WWF India As Ambassador For Environment Education

♻️Pavan Sukhdev won Tyler Prize 2020 for Environmental Achievement

♻️Environmental Performance Index 2020 INDIA ranked 177

♻️Rameshwar Prasad Gupta - Environment, Forest and Climate Change Secretary

♻️Prakash Javadekar - Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change

♻️Babul Supriyo - Minister of State in the Environment Ministry

♻️Russia plans to launch its 1st satellite to monitor arctic climate & environment named Arktika-M

♻️Song ‘Hawa Aane De’ launched to spread awareness about Air pollution in 2019 MoEFCC

🏆Prize Releated to Environment🏆

🔹Champion of the earth (UN's highest Enviornmental Award)

🔹Goldman Enviornmental Prize

🔹Tyler Prize (Nobel Prize for Environment)

🔹Zayed International Prize for the Environment

🔹The Green Ribbon Award

❇️ 9 December

💰 International Anti-Corruption Day
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय भ्रष्टाचार विरोधी दिवस

Theme23: “UNCAC at 20: Uniting the World Against Corruption”

💸 To raise awareness on the importance of a corruption-free society. The day also provides us an opportunity to recommit to collective action in preventing and addressing corruption.

💸The 2022 IACD also marks the start of efforts to mark the 20th Anniversary of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC).

💸The Convention entered into force in December 2005.

🟢 NEWS
🔷Capt Rajesh Unni Take-The-Helm-Of As Vice-Chair At Maritime Anti-Corruption Network

🔶Uttarakhand CM Pushkar Singh Dhami Launched ‘1064 Anti-Corruption Mobile App’

🔷Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) 2022: India Ranks 85th

🔶Biden Admn Names Anjali Bharadwaj For Anti-Corruption Award

🔷Conclusion Of The Second G20 Anti-Corruption Working Group Meeting In Rishikesh, India

✍Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

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✅ Daily The Hindu Vocabulary | 09.12.2023


1. ENLIVEN (VERB): (हर्षित करना): cheer up 
Synonyms: raise someone's spirits, uplift 
Antonyms: subdue 
Example Sentence: My visit to my mother had quite clearly enlivened her. 


2. PRAGMATIC (ADJECTIVE): (व्यावहारिक): practical 
Synonyms: matter-of-fact, realistic 
Antonyms: impractical 
Example Sentence:There was no pragmatic solution to the problem. 


3. ADVERSARY (NOUN): (प्रतिद्वंद्वी): opponent 
Synonyms: rival, enemy 
Antonyms: ally 
Example Sentence:Sonia beat his old adversary in the quarter-finals. 


4. AFFLICT (VERB): (पीड़ा देना): trouble 
Synonyms: bother, burden 
Antonyms: comfort 
Example Sentence:His younger child was afflicted with a skin disease. 


5. CYNICISM (NOUN): (संदेहवाद): scepticism 
Synonyms: doubt, distrust 
Antonyms: optimism 
Example Sentence:Her cynicism has influenced me more than I thought. 


6. INCONCEIVABLE (ADJECTIVE): (समझ से बाहर): beyond belief 
Synonyms: unbelievable, incredible 
Antonyms: likely 
Example Sentence: They behaved with inconceivable cruelty. 


7. HEFTY (ADJECTIVE): (शक्तिशाली): powerful 
Synonyms: violent, hard 
Antonyms: feeble 
Example Sentence: He aimed a hefty kick at the door. 


8. GLARE (NOUN): (भौह चढ़ाना): scowl 
Synonyms: glower, frown 
Antonyms: smile 
Example Sentence: She almost gave me a glare of contempt. 


9. CRIPPLE (VERB): (खराब करना): ruin 
Synonyms: destroy, wipe out 
Antonyms: boost 
Example Sentence: The thought of him almost crippled her. 


10. BUCK (VERB): (खंडन करना): resist 
Synonyms: oppose, contradict 
Antonyms: accept 
Example Sentence: The shares bucked the market trend. 

Ꭻᴏɪɴ🔥 ⃝➥ @EnglishquizzClub
Ꭻᴏɪɴ🔥 ⃝➥ @english_mcq

✅RESERVE BANK OF INDIA:-

◾️Reserve Bank of India act was passed in.
♦️ Ans : 1934.

◾️Reserve Bank of India was established on.
♦️ Ans : April 1st,1935.

◾️The head quarters of RBI was initially established in.
♦️ Ans : Kolkata

◾️The headquarters of RBI was permanently shifted to Mumbai in.
♦️ Ans : 1937.

◾️RBI was setup on the recommendation of.
♦️Ans : Hilton Young Commission (1926).

◾️Hilton Young Commission was also known as.
♦️Ans : Royal Commission.

◾️The Bank known as Banker's Bank.
♦️ Ans : RBI.

◾️The apex bank of India.
♦️ Ans : RBI.

◾️The Central bank of India.
♦️ Ans : RBI

◾️The regulator of loans.
♦️ Ans : RBI

◾️The bank which is often referred as Mint Street.
♦️ Ans : RBI

◾️The Banking Ombudsman Scheme has been formulated by.
♦️ Ans : RBI

◾️The credit controller of India.
♦️ Ans : RBI

◾️The bank which represents India in- the IMF.
♦️ Ans : RBI.

◾️RBI was nationalised on.
♦️ Ans : January 1, 1949

◾️Headquarters of RBI in Kerala.
♦️ Ans : Thiruvananthapuram.

◾️The animal embossed on the emblem of Reserve Bank of India
♦️ Ans : Tiger

◾️The tree embossed on the emblem of Reserve Bank of India.
♦️ Ans : Palm Tree

◾️First Governor of RBI.
♦️ Ans : Sir Osborne Smith

◾️First Indian to become the Governor of RBI
♦️ Ans : C.D. Deshmukh

❇️ 10 December, 2023

🙌🏻 International Human Rights Day (75th)
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मानवाधिकार दिवस

Theme23 : "Freedom, Equality and Justice for All"

🔷 This day the United Nations (UN) adopted Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 and ever since then on this date we observe Human Rights Day across the world. Human Rights Day outline the FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS of all human beings that need to be protected universally.

💠 President of United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) - Václav Bálek

🔶UN Human Rights Body Launches Iran Human Rights Probe

🔶Nobel Peace Prize 2023: Narges Mohammadi fought oppression, championed women's rights, promoted human freedom.

🔶US President Biden Nominated Julie Turner As North Korea Human Rights Envoy

🔶A H R L : Asian Human Right Commission

🔷International Year of Human Rights Learning : 2009

🔳National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
▪️Formed : 12 October 1993
▪️HQ : New Delhi
▪️Chairperson - Arun Kumar Mishra

✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ✪

❇️ 11 December

🏔 International Mountain Day
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय पर्वतीय दिवस

Theme23 : "Restoring Mountain Ecosystems"

🏜 The day is an ode to the fascinating landscapes in the world.

🏜From the snow-covered Himalayas to the lush green mountains, every mountain is special in its own way and is home to various animals and plants.

🔶 First time IMD was celebrated on 11 December 2003.

🔶 Dashrath Manji - Mountain Man

🔶 “The Living Mountain: A Fable for Our Times” - Amitav Ghosh

🟢 NEWS

🔷Leh In Ladakh All Set To Host First-Ever Mountain Bicycle World Cup

🔶Swathi Mountains: A Compact Weapon Locating Radar

🔷Shalini Singh Becomes The First Female NCC Cadet To Complete Mountaineering Course

🔶20th Edition Of Kathmandu International Mountain Film Festival

🔷Skalzang Rigzin: First Indian Mountaineer To Ascend Mount Annapurna Peak

♦️ First & youngest Indian tribal women in the World, who scaled six mountain peaks in six continents - Malavath Poorna

✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ✪

✅ Daily The Hindu Vocabulary | 11.12.2023


1. RATIFY (VERB): (पुष्टि करना): confirm 
Synonyms: approve, sanction 
Antonyms: reject 
Example Sentence:Both countries were due to ratify the treaty by the end of the year. 


2. NEFARIOUS (ADJECTIVE): (कुटिल): wicked 
Synonyms: evil, sinful 
Antonyms: good 
Example Sentence: The nefarious activities of the organized-crime syndicates. 


3. HEGEMONY (NOUN): (नायकत्व): leadership 
Synonyms: dominance, dominion 
Antonyms: self-government 
Example Sentence: Germany was united under Prussian hegemony after 1871. 


4. ENORMITY (NOUN): (दुष्टता): wickedness 
Synonyms: baseness, blackness 
Antonyms: goodness 
Example Sentence: The enormities of war are way too high as expected. 


5. APEX (NOUN): (चरम सीमा): climax 
Synonyms: culmination, apotheosis 
Antonyms: nadir 
Example Sentence:The apex of his career was in 1966 when he hosted aloft the World Cup. 


6. ABOLITION (NOUN): (उन्मूलन): scrapping 
Synonyms: ending, stopping 
Antonyms: retention 
Example Sentence: He was responsible for the abolition of the death penalty. 


7. CONCOMITANT (ADJECTIVE): (संगत करने वाला): attendant 
Synonyms: accompanying, associated 
Antonyms: unrelated 
Example Sentence: She loved travel, with all its concomitant worries. 


8. INTRANSIGENT (ADJECTIVE): (सैद्धांतिक): uncompromising 
Synonyms: inflexible, unbending 
Antonyms: compliant 
Example Sentence: Her father had tried persuasion, but she was intransigent. 


9. ORATORICAL (ADJECTIVE): (भाषण -संबंधी): rhetorical 
Synonyms: grandiloquent, magniloquent 
Antonyms: plain-spoken 
Example Sentence: He has plenty oratorical skills. 


10. SHUN (VERB): (किनारा करना): avoid 
Synonyms: evade eschew 
Antonyms: accept 
Example Sentence: He shunned fashionable society. 

Ꭻᴏɪɴ🔥 ⃝➥ @EnglishquizzClub
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🕊 Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar (Father of Indian Constitution)
- Birth: April 14, 1891 (Mhow, Madhya Pradesh)
- Death: December 6, 1956 (New Delhi) (Mahaparinirvan Day)
- Father: Ramji Maloji Sakpal
- Mother: Bhimabai
- Wife: Ramabai

🔷Other Information
- Architect of the Indian Constitution
- Bharat Ratna Dr. Ambedkar Award given by Adityanath
- Renowned educator, author, journalist
- Polyglot in 11 languages and economist
- Embraced Buddhism in 1956 (Conversion to Buddhism)
- Inspirational figure for the Dalit Buddhist Movement

🔷Political Positions
- First Law/Justice Minister: 1947-51
- Labour Minister: 1942-46
- Member of the Bombay State Legislative Assembly: 1926-1936
- Member of the Bombay Legislative Assembly: 1942-47
- Member of the Bombay Legislative Council: 1952-56

🔷Educational Achievements
- Mumbai University (B.A.)
- Columbia University (M.A., Ph.D., LL.D.)
- London School of Economics (M.Sc., D.Sc.)
- Gray's Inn (Barrister-at-Law)

🔷Notable Books
- "Pakistan and the Partition of India" (1940)
- "Annihilation of Caste" (1936)
- "Who Were the Shudras?" (1946)
- "Thoughts on Linguistic States" (1955)
- The Cabinet Mission and the Untouchables (1946)

🟢NEWS
- Statue: 125 feet in Hyderabad
- Statue: Statue of Knowledge, 70 feet in Latur (Maharashtra)
- Supreme Court premises: 7 feet statue

❇️ 12 December

🕊 International Day of Neutrality
तटस्थता का अंतर्राष्ट्रीय दिवस

🕊 Neutrality is a legal status of a country that arises when it abstains all participation of war between other countries and maintains an attitude of impartiality towards the belligerent countries.

🔹According to the resolution the day aims at promoting neutrality among states so as to strengthen peace and security and also to develop mutual and beneficial relations among countries of the world.

🕊First observed on December 12, 2017

🔸The day was first introduced in Turkmenistan after the UN permanently declared it as a neutral state since 12 December 1995.

🕊 Article 51
Promotion of international peace and security The State shall endeavour to
(a) promote international peace and security
(b) maintain just and honourable relations between nations

🇺🇳 UNITED NATIONS (UN)
▪️Founded - 24 Oct 1945
▪️HQ - New York
▪️S.G - Antonio Guterres
▪️MC - 193

✍Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥