✅ Daily The Hindu Vocabulary | 11.08.2023


1. PROTRACTED (ADJECTIVE): (दीर्घ): Prolonged
Synonyms: Extended, Drawn out
Antonyms: Shortened
Example Sentence:
We were struggling with a protracted and bitter dispute.


2. DEVASTATE (VERB): (तबाह करना): Shatter
Synonyms: Shock, Stun
Antonyms: Enrich
Example Sentence:
She was entirely devastated due to the loss of her soon.


3. CONSTRAINT (NOUN): (बाध्यता): Inhibition
Synonyms: Uneasiness, Embarrassment
Antonyms: Openness
Example Sentence:
They would be able to talk without constraint.


4 STEADY (ADJECTIVE): (स्थिर): Stable
Synonyms: Balanced,Firm
Antonyms: Unstable
Example Sentence:
The lighter the camera, the harder it is to hold steady.


5. DELIBERATION (NOUN): (सावधानी): Care
Synonyms: Caution,Slowness
Antonyms: Haste
Example Sentence:
He replaced the glass on the table with deliberation.


6. DISTRACTION (NOUN): (व्याकुलता): Frenzy
Synonyms: Hysteria, Madness
Antonyms: Calm
Example Sentence:
It is her uncharacteristic air of distraction which attracts people.


7. TOXIC (ADJECTIVE): (विषाक्त): Poisonous
Synonyms: Venomous, Virulent
Antonyms: Non-toxic
Example Sentence:
She suffered a massive exposure to toxic chemicals.


8. SEVERE (ADJECTIVE): (गंभीर): acute
Synonyms: Serious, Grave
Antonyms: Minor
Example Sentence:
We have a severe shortage of technicians.


9. RELATIVE (ADJECTIVE): (उचित): Moderate
Synonyms: Reasonable, Considerable
Antonyms: Great
Example Sentence:
She went down the steps into the relative darkness of the dining room.


10. BELIE (VERB): (झुठलाना): Contradict
Synonyms: Give the lie to, Disprove
Antonyms: Tesify to
Example Sentence:
His lively, alert manner belied his years.

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🟢 RENAMED PLACES
#English_Version

1. Atal Tunnel (formerly Rohtang Tunnel, Himachal Pradesh)
2. Swaraj Island (formerly Havelock Island, Andaman)
3. Chintaman Dwarkanath Deshmukh (formerly Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai)
4. Mount Manipur (formerly Mount Harriet, Andaman)
5. BADLAV (formerly Beti Bachao Beti Padhao)
6. Dharashiv (formerly Osmanabad City, Maharashtra)
7. Martyr Island (formerly Neil Island, Andaman and Nicobar)
8. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Island (formerly Ross Island, Andaman and Nicobar)
9. APJ Abdul Kalam Island (formerly Wheeler Island, Odisha)
10. Shri Siddharudha Swamiji Hubli Railway Station (Karnataka)
11. Rani Rampal Stadium (Rae Bareli Hockey Stadium)
12. Balbir Singh Senior Hockey Stadium (Mohali, Punjab)
13. Sudhar Grah (Uttar Pradesh, Name of Prisons)
14. Ahilya Nagar (formerly Ahmednagar City, Maharashtra)
15. Kartavya Path (formerly Central Vista Lawn, Delhi)
16. Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar (formerly Aurangabad City, Maharashtra)
17. Jagdishpur (formerly Islam Nagar, Madhya Pradesh)

🟢 बदले गए नाम
#Hindi_Version

1. अटल सुरंग (रोहतांग सुरंग, हिमाचल प्रदेश)
2. स्वराज द्वीप (हैवलॉक द्वीप, अंडमान)
3. चिंतामन द्वारकानाथ देशमुख (चर्चगेट रेलवे स्टेशन, मुंबई)
4. माउंट मणिपुर (माउंट हैरियट, अंडमान)
5. BADLAV (बेटी बचाओ बेटी पढ़ाओ)
6. धाराशिव (उस्मानाबाद शहर, महाराष्ट्र)
7. शहीद द्वीप (नील द्वीप, अंडमान निकोबार)
8. नेताजी सुभाष चंद्र बोस द्वीप (रॉस द्वीप, अंडमान निकोबार)
9. APJ अब्दुल कलाम द्वीप (व्हीलर द्वीप, ओड़िशा)
10. श्री सिद्धारुद्धा स्वामी जी हुबली रेलवे स्टेशन (कर्नाटक)
11. रानी रामपाल स्टेडियम (रायबरेली हॉकी स्टेडियम)
12. बलवीर सिंह सीनियर हॉकी स्टेडियम (मोहाली अंतर्गत, पंजाब)
13. सुधार गृह (उत्तर प्रदेश, जेलों का नाम)
14. अहिल्या नगर (अहमदनगर शहर, महाराष्ट्र)
15. कर्तव्य पथ (सेंट्रल विस्टा लॉन, दिल्ली)
16. छत्रपति संभाजी नगर (औरंगाबाद शहर, महाराष्ट्र)
17. जगदीशपुर (इस्लाम नगर, मध्य प्रदेश)

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❇️ 12 AUGUST

🚵‍♀ International Youth Day
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय युवा दिवस 

Theme 2023 : “Green Skills for Youth: Towards a Sustainable World” 

💠 This day was observed for first time on 12 August, 2000

💠 12 January : National Youth Day
🔷 Birth Anniversary of Swami Vivekanand

🟢 NEWS
🔷IIT Kanpur To Host Youth20 Consultation On Global Concerns

🔶Rural Development Ministry Introduces Captive Employer Scheme For Rural Youth

🔷National Youth Conclave 2023 (NYC 2023) Organized Under India’s G20 Presidency

🔶National Youth Parliament Festival Fourth Edition

🔷5th Khelo India Youth Games 2022: Maharashtra Topped The Medal Tally

🔶India Bags 11 Medals In World Archery Youth Championships, 2023

🔷Youth Co:Lab National Innovation Dialogue 2022

🔶Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Program (PMEGP): Creating Employment Opportunities For India’s Youth

🏢 Minister for Youth Affairs & Sports
▪️Shri Anurag Singh Thakur
▪️Hamirpur (HP)

✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

🟢 CAMPAIGN IN NEWS 2023

🔶 January to August 2023 🔶

🔸SAI Launched Short Movie Series ‘Halla Bol’ Under ‘Cheer4India’ Campaign

🔸‘Meri Mati Mera Desh’ Campaign To Be Launched In Run-Up To Independence Day

🔸Manoj Ahuja Launched A New Campaign Called BHARAT For Banks Under Agri Infra Fund

🔸Federal Bank Launches ‘I Am Adyar, Adyar Is Me’ Campaign In Chennai

🔸RBI Launches ‘100 Days 100 Pays’ Campaign To Settle Unclaimed Deposits

🔸Giriraj Singh Launches SAMARTH Campaign To Promote Digital Transactions At Gram Panchayat Level

🔸“Poshan Bhi, Padhai Bhi” Campaign: Improving Early Childhood Education In India

🔸WhatsApp Launches ‘Stay Safe’ Campaign To Educate On Online Safety

🔸Kotak MF Launches ‘DigitALL’ Campaign To Celebrate International Women’s Day

🔸‘Catch The Rain 2023’ Campaign To Be Launched By President Murmu

🔸UNDP’s “Don’t Choose Extinction” Climate Campaign Wins Two Anthem Awards

🔸Meta Launches #DigitalSuraksha Campaign In Partnership With MeitY For The G20 Campaign

🔸UP Government Launched ‘Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan’ Campaign

🔸Bandhan Bank Launched ‘Jahaan Bandhan, Wahaan Trust’ Campaign

🔸Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee Launched ‘Didir Suraksha Kavach’ Campaign

✅ Daily The Hindu Vocabulary | 13.08.2023


1. COERCIVE (ADJECTIVE): (बलपूर्वक): Persistent
Synonyms: Insistent, Pressing
Antonyms: Powerless
Example Sentence:
The governor has a hereditary army for coercive purposes.


2. UNDERMINE (VERB): (दुर्बल करना): Subvert
Synonyms: Sabotage, Threaten
Antonyms: Enhance
Example Sentence:
She tried to undermine my authority by complaining about me to my boss.


3. CHOPPY (ADJECTIVE): (अशांत): Rough
Synonyms: Turbulent, Heavy
Antonyms: Calm
Example Sentence:
The first race was sailed in a stiff breeze and choppy seas.


4. DISSONANCE (NOUN): (मतभेद): Incongruity
Synonyms: Disparity, Discrepancy
Antonyms: Harmony
Example Sentence:
The party is willing to put up with such dissonance among their candidates.


5. STRIDENT (ADJECTIVE): (श्रुतिकठोर): Harsh
Synonyms: Raucous, Rough
Antonyms: Soft
Example Sentence:
Her voice had become increasingly strident with time.


6. OBTUSE (ADJECTIVE): (मंद): Stupid
Synonyms: Dull, Slow-witted
Antonyms: Astute
Example Sentence:
She wondered if the doctor was being deliberately obtuse.


7. ABDICATE (VERB): (सत्ता त्यागना): Resign
Synonyms: Retire, Quit
Antonyms: Be crowned
Example Sentence:
In 1918 Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated as German emperor.


8. INCUMBENT (ADJECTIVE): (पद-धारी): Current
Synonyms: Existing, Present
Antonyms: Past
Example Sentence:
The incumbent President was defeated.


9. JUDICIOUS (ADJECTIVE): (उचित): Wise
Synonyms: Sensible Prudent
Antonyms: Injudicious
Example Sentence:
The government made judicious use of public investment.


10. ELEVATION (NOUN): (बढ़ावा): Promotion
Synonyms: Upgrading, Advancement
Antonyms: Demotion
Example Sentence:
The color usually deepens toward zenith and also with the elevation of observer.

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#Rivers_Series

◾️ BEAS RIVER

1. Rises at BEAS KUND near southern face of Rohtang pass in Kullu.

2. It cuts through a Dhauladhar range in a deep gorge near Koti and Larji.

3. Then it flows from North to South along Manali and Kullu Towns.

4. Further down, It flows through a Kangra valley and then turns west to enter the Punjab plain.

5. It finally passes through Kapurthala and Amritsar and joins sutlej near Harike.

#Rivers_Series

■ SATLUJ RIVER

◇ Other names - Satadru or Satudri.

◇ Called Langechan Khambab in Tibet.

◇ Rises from Rakas Lake situated near Mansarovar lake in Tibet.

◇ At the pass of Shipki la it enters HP where it cuts through Zaskar and Himalayan ranges.

◇ Below Bhakra Dam it enters in Punjab plains.

◇ It meets Beas in the south-west corner of Kapurthala.

◇ From Ferozepur to Fazilka it forms boundary between India and Pakistan.

◇ During it onward journey, it receives collective drainage of Ravi, Chenab & Jhelum River.

◇ It joins Indus few Kms above Mithankot.

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❇️ 14 August

💔 Partition Horror Remembrance Day
विभाजन विभीषिका स्मृति दिवस

🔷 It commemorates the victims and sufferings of people during the Partition of India.

🔶 Announced by PM Narendra Modi on 15 August 2021.

🔶The partition of India in 1947 divided British India into two independent dominions: India and Pakistan.

🔷The partition was outlined in the Indian Independence Act 1947

🔶The Dominion of India is today the Republic of India (since 1950)
🔸The Dominion of Pakistan was composed of what is known today as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (since 1956)
🔸The People's Republic of Bangladesh (since 1971).

🔷On which date was the partition of India announced - 3rd (June 1947)

🔶The Balkan plan for the partition of India was present - Brain of Lord Mountbatten.

✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

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✅ Daily The Hindu Vocabulary | 15.08.2023


1. CONTEND (VERB): (संघर्ष करना): Face
Synonyms: Cope with, Grapple with
Antonyms: Surrender, Allow
Example Sentence:
She had to contend with his uncertain temper.


2. BAR (VERB): (वर्जित): Prohibit
Synonyms: Debar,Preclude
Antonyms: Admit, Accept
Example Sentence:
Journalists had been barred from covering the elections.


3. SANCTIFY (VERB): (शुद्ध करना): Consecrate
Synonyms: Bless, Ordain
Antonyms: Deconsecrate
Example Sentence:
He was consecrated bishop of York.


4. FURNISH (VERB): (प्रस्तुत): Supply
Synonyms: Equip, Provide
Antonyms: Divest
Example Sentence:
Fish furnish an important source of protein.


5. INCONSPICUOUS (ADJECTIVE): (अगोचर): Unnoticeable
Synonyms: Unobtrusive, Unremarkable
Antonyms: Conspicuous, Noticeable
Example Sentence:
That was an inconspicuous red-brick building.


6. VAUNT (VERB): (डींग हांकना): Boast
Synonyms: Show off
Antonyms: Criticized, Unsung
Example Sentence:
They have utterly eclipsed their vaunted American rivals.


7. HEFT (VERB): (वज़न करना): Lift
Synonyms: Raise, Raise up
Antonyms: Put down
Example Sentence:
He lifted crates and hefted boxes.


8. VINDICATE (VERB): (साबित कर देना): Justify
Synonyms: Warrant, Substantiate
Antonyms: Disprove
Example Sentence:
More sober views were vindicated by events.


9. STAMPEDE (NOUN): (भगदड़): Panic
Synonyms: Rush, Flight
Antonyms: Retreat, Standing
Example Sentence:
The herd was fleeing back to the high land in a wild stampede.


10. DISCOURSE (NOUN): (बातचीत): Discussion
Synonyms: Conversation, Talk
Antonyms: Silence
Example Sentence:
They understand the language of political discourse only.

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✅ Daily The Hindu Vocabulary | 16.08.2023


1. PROSPECT (NOUN): (संभावना): Hope
Synonyms: Likelihood, Expectation
Antonyms: Viewlessness, Dimness
Example Sentence:
There was no prospect of a better day.


2. DEPLOY (VERB): (तैनात करना): Post
Synonyms: Move, Move
Antonyms: Concentrate
Example Sentence:
The forces were deployed at strategic locations.


3. RHETORIC (NOUN): (भाषण कला): Oratory
Synonyms: Eloquence,Power of speech
Antonyms: Quiet, Conciseness
Example Sentence:
He is using a common figure of rhetoric, hyperbole.


4. MALEVOLENT (ADJECTIVE): (दुर्भावनापूर्ण): Malicious
Synonyms: Spiteful, Evil-minded
Antonyms: Benevolent, Charitable
Example Sentence:
He smiled and looked at me with his malevolent eyes.


5. UNPRECEDENTED (ADJECTIVE): (अभूतपूर्व): Unexpected
Synonyms: Unmatched, Unequalled
Antonyms: Normal, Common
Example Sentence:
The government took the unprecedented step of releasing correspondence.


6. ARROGATE (VERB): (हथियाना): Seize
Synonyms: Assume, Take over
Antonyms: Renounce
Example Sentence:
She arrogated the leadership role to herself.


7. CAPRICIOUS (ADJECTIVE): (मनमौजी): Inconstant
Synonyms: Fickle,Unstable
Antonyms: Stable, Consistent
Example Sentence:
I am careful in speech words with people that have shown capricious behaviour.


8. INDISCREET (ADJECTIVE): (असावधानीपूर्ण): Unwise
Synonyms: Imprudent, Irresponsible
Antonyms:Careful,Prudent
Example Sentence:
We made no indiscreet inquiries.


9. PERTURB (VERB): (घबड़ा देना): Worry
Synonyms: Upset, Unsettle
Antonyms: Reassure,Calm
Example Sentence:
They were perturbed by her bold behaviour.


10. FOLLY (NOUN): (मूर्खता): Foolishness
Synonyms: Stupidity, Idiocy
Antonyms: Wisdom, Intelligence
Example Sentence:
Talking unnecessarily is an act of folly.

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❤️First Indian Awardees of International Awards


🥇1st Indian to be awarded the Nobel prize in any field (literature)
👮Rabindranath Tagore (1913)

🥇1st Indian to be featured as the Person of the Year by Time magazine
👮Mahatma Gandhi (1930)

🥇1st Indian to be awarded the UNESCO's Kalinga Prize
👮Jagjit Singh (1963)

🥇1st Indian to receive the Booker prize (British citizen)
👮Salman Rushdie

🥇1st Indian woman (and also first Indian citizen) to receive the Booker prize
👮Arundhati Roy

🥇1st Indian to receive the Pulitzer prize (Reporting category)
👮Gobind Behari Lal

🥇1st Indian recipient of International Cricket Council's Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy
👮Rahul Dravid

🥇1st Indian scientist to be awarded the Nobel prize
👮CV Raman (1930)

🥇1st Indian to be awarded the Nishan-e-Pakistan
👮Morarjee Desai

🥇1st Indian to be awarded Magsaysay Award
👮Vinoba Bhave

🥇1st Indian to be awarded the Bangladesh Swadhinata Sammanona
👮Indira Gandhi

🥇1st Indian and Indian Organisation to be awarded the Right Livelihood Award
👮Ela Bhatt of SEWA (Self-Employed Women's Association) (1984)

🥇1st recipient of World Food Prize instituted By Norman Borlaug
👮MS Swaminathan (1987)

🥇1st Asian recipient of Hoover Medal (America's prestigious award for outstanding extra-career services by engineers to humanity)
👮APJ Abdul Kalam (2008)

🥇1st Indian recipient of DSC Prize for South Asian Literature
👮Jeet Thayil (2013)

🥇1st Indian recipient of Priztker Prize (referred to as Nobel Prize of Architechture)
👮Balkrishna Doshi(2018)

Credit--- Nandkishor Saini

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✅ Full Length Tests

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🏢 Important Points to Remember about Constituent Assembly of India

🇮🇳The idea for a Constituent Assembly for drafting a constitution for India was first provided by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in 1895. In 1934, the demand for a constituent assembly was raised for the first time, which later became an Official Demand in 1935. This demand was accepted in August 1940 offer by the British.

🇮🇳The constituent assembly was formed on the recommendation of the Cabinet Mission which visited India in 1946

🇮🇳The first meeting of Constituent Assembly was held on December 9, 1946— its temporary president was Dr  Sacchidanand Sinha

🇮🇳The second meeting was held on December 11, 1946. Its president was Dr Rajendra Prasad.

🇮🇳The Objectives Resolution was passed under the chairmanship of J.L. Nehru.on 13 December 1946.

🇮🇳The Draft of Indian Constitution was presented in October 1947. President of the Drafting Committee was Bhim Rao Ambedkar

🇮🇳The total time consumed to prepare the draft was 2 years, 11 months, 18 days.

🇮🇳The Constituent Assembly was the First Parliament of Independent India.

🇮🇳The Indian Constitution was enacted on November 26, 1949, and put into force on January 26, 1950.

🇮🇳On that day, the Constituent Assembly ceased to exist, transforming itself into the Provisional Parliament of India until a new Parliament was constituted in 1952

🇮🇳Functions performed by Constituent Assembly

Enacting of ordinary laws

Adopted national flag- 22-07-1947

Adopted national anthem- 24-01-1950

Adopted national song- 24-01-1950

Elected Dr Rajendra Prasad first President of India: 26-01-1950

 Facts about the constituent assembly

Had 11 sessions over 2 years, 11 months and 18 days

Constitution makers visited 60 countries.

Total expenditure - Rs 64 lakh

Major Committees

Union Powers Committee - Jawaharlal Nehru

Union Constitution Committee - Jawaharlal Nehru

Provincial Constitution Committee - Sardar Patel

Drafting Committee - Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights and Minorities - Sardar Patel

This committee had Two sub-committees:

(a) Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee - J.B. Kripalani

(b) Minorities Sub-Committee - H.C. Mukherjee

Rules of Procedure Committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad

States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) - Jawaharlal Nehru

Steering Committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad 

✍ Credit : Nandkishor Saini