✅IMPORTANT FESTIVAL IN NEWS

➢ Palkhi festival : Maharashtra 
➢ Raja festival : Odisha 
➢ Kheer Bhawani Mela : Jammu and Kashmir 
➢ Great Prayer Festival : Ladakh 
➢ Sinthan Snow Festival : Jammu and Kashmir 
➢ Heritage Festival : Goa
➢ Thawe Festival : Bihar
➢ Bohag Bihu festival : Assam
➢ 49th Khajuraho Dance Festival : Madhya Pradesh
➢ Yaoshang festival : Manipur
➢ Purple Fest : Goa
➢ Orange Festival : Nagaland
➢ Kala Ghoda Arts Festival : Mumbai, Maharashtra
➢ Losar Festival : Ladakh
➢ 23rd Hornbill Festival : Nagaland
➢ Gaan Ngai festival : Manipur
➢ Cherchera Festival : Chhattisgarh
➢ 26th National Youth Festival 2023 : Hubbali, Karnataka
➢ International Yoga Festival 2023 : Rishikesh, Uttarakhand
➢ Tribal Dance Festival & Military Tattoo : New Delhi
➢ Mongeet Festival : Assam
➢ International Kite Festival 2023 : Ahmedabad, Gujarat
➢ Vigyanika Science Literature Festival : Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
➢ Baisakhi is a harvest festival : Punjab and Haryana

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❇️ 16th July

🐍 World Snake Day
विश्व सांप दिवस

🐍 On this day, we pay tribute to the many diverse snake species around the world and recognize the important roles they play in our ecosystems.

🐍 Ophiology/Serpentology : a branch of herpetology concerned with the study of snakes.

🐍 Order: Squamata | Kingdom: Animalia | Phylum: Chordata | Class: Reptilia

🐍 Defanging is the process of removing the fangs of a snake.

🐍 Snakes do not have an external ear.

🐍Their stapes—called a “columella”—is slightly different from ours in that it connects to the jawbone, enabling them to sense vibrations.

Note : Facts important for SSC & RRB Exams.

       ✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

🏆GRAND SLAM 2023 WINNER 🏆

🟢 AUSTRALIAN OPEN (1905)
◾Surface - Hard Court

🚦MEN'S SINGLE
◾Winner - Novak Djokovic (Serbia)
◾Runner Up-Stefanos Tsitsipas (Greece)

🚦WOMEN'S SINGLE
◾Winner - Aryna Sabalenka (Belarus)
◾Runnerup - Elena Rybakina (Kazakhstan)

🟢 FRENCH OPEN (1891)
◾️Surface - Clay Court

🚦MEN’S SINGLE
◾️Winner - Novak Djokovic (Serbia)
◾️Runnerup - Casper Ruud (Norway)

🚦WOMEN’S SINGLE
◾️Winner - Iga Swiatek (Poland)
◾️Runnerup - Karolína Muchová (Czech Republic)

🟢 WIMBLEDON ( 1877 )
◾ Surface - Grass Court

🚦MEN'S SINGLE
◾Winner - Carlos Alcaraz (Spain)
◾Runnerup - Novak Djokovic (Serbia)

🚦WOMEN'S SINGLE
◾Winner - Markéta Vondroušová (Poland)
◾Runnerup - Ons Jabeur (Tunisia)

✍Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

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📮17th JULY

⚖ World Day for International Justice
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय न्याय के लिए विश्व दिवस

⚖ ICC (International Criminal Court) is the World's First Permanent international Criminal Court

🔶About International Criminal Court
🚩ICC was est. upon the adoption of the Rome Statute on 17 July 1998.
It came into effect on 1 july 2002

🔹Headquarters : Hague, Netherlands

🔹India is not a member of the ICC

🔺Don't Confuse
World Day of social Justice :- 20 February

🔶 ICJ (International Court Of justice )
🔹 HQ : Hague, Netherlands
🔹Est. :1945
🔹President : Joan E. Donoghue (USA)
🔹Member State : 193
🔹Official Language : English & French

🔷Total Judge 15 ( different countries)
🔹Tenure : 9Yr
🔹One third of the court is elected Every 3 years & Judges are eligible for re-election.

♦INDIAN JUDGES AT THE ICJ
🔷Indian Judge : Dalbir Singh Bhandari (2012-2021)

🔷Indian Chief Justice : Nagendra Singh (1973-1988)

🔷Raghunandan Swarup Pathak 1989 -1991

🔷Sir Benegal Rau - (1952-1953)

✍ Credit : Neha Sharma🕊

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❇️ 18th July

💠 Nelson Mandela International Day 
नेल्सन मंडेला अंतर्राष्ट्रीय दिवस

💠 Full Name : Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela

💠 It marks the 105th birth anniversary of Nelson Mandela

💠First Black President of South Africa

💠 In 1993, He won Nobel Peace Prize & 1990 Mandela received Bharat Ratna Award in India , Presidential Medal of freedom 2002

💠The day is celebrated since 2009 & First UN Mandela Day held On 18 July 2010

💠Long Walk to Freedom is an Autobiography Written By South African President Nelson Mandela and first Published in 1994 by Little Brown & Co.

💠Anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for 27 years by the South African government in 1962.

💠This day is also known as ‘46664 ’ and was originally launched to create awareness about HIV/AIDS.

✍Credit : Neha Sharma 🕊

✅ Daily The Hindu Vocabulary | 18.07.2023


1. KINDLE (VERB): (प्रज्वलित करना): light
Synonyms: ignite, set fire to
Antonyms: douse
Example Sentence:
They kindle lights, he says, assuming one is in darkness.


2. INDEFINITELY (ADVERB): (अनिश्चित काल के लिए): sine die
Synonyms: forever, for good
Antonyms: temporarily
Example Sentence:
He can't expect to keep sneaking up to visit her indefinitely and get away with it.


3. PARTLY (ADVERB): (आंशिक रूप में): in part
Synonyms: partially, somewhat
Antonyms: completely
Example Sentence:
The result is partly a matter of skill and partly of chance.


4. FRAUDULENT (ADJECTIVE): (कपटपूर्ण): dishonest
Synonyms: cheating, swindling
Antonyms: honest
Example Sentence:
I wouldn't dream of going into business with that fraudulent insurance company.


5. UNDERMINE (VERB): (दुर्बल करना): erode
Synonyms: wear away, undercut
Antonyms: support
Example Sentence:
The flow of water had undermined pillars supporting the roof.


6. REVOKE (VERB): (रद्द करना): cancel
Synonyms: repeal, rescind
Antonyms: introduce
Example Sentence:
The men appealed and the sentence was revoked.


7. SPECIFIC (ADJECTIVE): (सटीक): exact
Synonyms: accurate, precise
Antonyms: vague
Example Sentence:
When ordering goods, be specific.


8 AGITATION (NOUN): (आवेश): anxiety
Synonyms: perturbation, disquiet
Antonyms: calmness
Example Sentence:
She was wringing her hands in agitation.


9. BYGONE (ADJECTIVE): (पुराना): ancient
Synonyms: past, former
Antonyms: contemporary
Example Sentence:
That is contrary to the observation of philosophers of bygone days.


10. STIMULATE (VERB): (प्रेरित करना): encourage
Synonyms: prompt, prod
Antonyms: discourage
Example Sentence:
The reader could not fail to be stimulated by the ideas presented.

Ꭻᴏɪɴ🔥 ⃝➥ @EnglishquizzClub
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🟢 INDIA'S GOVERNMENT TARGETS:

1. 100% electrification of Broad Gauge routes by 2023.
2. Connecting all state capitals in Northeast with rail network by 2023.
3. Achieving self-reliance in fertilizer sector by 2023.
4. Completing Delhi-Mumbai Expressway by 2023.
5. Zero diesel use and renewable energy in agriculture by 2024.
6. Launching digital radio, water supply in every household by 2024.
7. Building a $5 trillion economy by 2024-25.
8. Achieving $1 trillion digital economy by 2025.
9. Fiber optic connectivity in all villages by 2025.
10. Making India TB-free by 2025.
11. Mixing 20% ethanol in petrol by 2025.
12. Obtaining 100 million metric tons of coal gasification and 500 gigawatts of renewable energy by 2030.
13. Achieving 280 gigawatts of solar energy and reducing carbon emissions by one billion tons by 2030.
14. Ending HIV/AIDS by 2030.
15. Indian Railways achieving net-zero carbon emission or Green Railways by 2030.
16. Targeting 30% electric vehicles in the total vehicle fleet by 2030.
17. Complete elimination of malaria in India by 2030.
18. Reducing Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) usage by 80% by 2047.
19. Making India energy-independent/self-reliant by 2047.
20. Achieving self-sufficiency in shipbuilding by 2047.
21. Zero carbon emissions in Mumbai city by 2050.

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🟢 INDIA'S GOVERNMENT TARGETS:

1. 100% electrification of Broad Gauge routes by 2023.
2. Connecting all state capitals in Northeast with rail network by 2023.
3. Achieving self-reliance in fertilizer sector by 2023.
4. Completing Delhi-Mumbai Expressway by 2023.
5. Zero diesel use and renewable energy in agriculture by 2024.
6. Launching digital radio, water supply in every household by 2024.
7. Building a $5 trillion economy by 2024-25.
8. Achieving $1 trillion digital economy by 2025.
9. Fiber optic connectivity in all villages by 2025.
10. Making India TB-free by 2025.
11. Mixing 20% ethanol in petrol by 2025.
12. Obtaining 100 million metric tons of coal gasification and 500 gigawatts of renewable energy by 2030.
13. Achieving 280 gigawatts of solar energy and reducing carbon emissions by one billion tons by 2030.
14. Ending HIV/AIDS by 2030.
15. Indian Railways achieving net-zero carbon emission or Green Railways by 2030.
16. Targeting 30% electric vehicles in the total vehicle fleet by 2030.
17. Complete elimination of malaria in India by 2030.
18. Reducing Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) usage by 80% by 2047.
19. Making India energy-independent/self-reliant by 2047.
20. Achieving self-sufficiency in shipbuilding by 2047.
21. Zero carbon emissions in Mumbai city by 2050.

✅BANGLADESH IN NEWS 2023  :-

➢ The 6th Indian Ocean Conference (IOC) is taking place in Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 12-13, 2023.
➢ India and Bangladesh have recently jointly launched the '50 Start-up Exchange Programme' to 
promote collaboration and exchange between the start-up ecosystems of the two countries.
➢ Mohammad Shahabuddin elected President of Bangladesh .
➢ He will be the 22nd President of Bangladesh.
➢ Bangladesh will be connected to North-East by 2024.
➢ The 21st meeting of the Bangladesh–India Joint Steering Committee (BIJSC) on the power sector was held on 4th May at Khulna, Bangladesh.
➢ a new border-haat was inaugurated between India and Bangladesh at Bholaganj under Companyganj 
Upazila of Sylhet.
➢ The High Commission of India opened its 16th Visa application center in Kushtia town of 
Southwestern Bangladesh.
➢ Bangladesh Power Development Board received 450 MW of electricity from Adani Power.
➢ Power is supplied from Adani's power plant in Godda, Jharkhand.
➢ India-Bangladesh Friendship Pipeline to be jointly inaugurated by PM Modi and Sheikh Hasina.
➢ Bangladesh, India, and Japan are set to hold a connectivity event in Tripura, India on April 11-12.
➢ Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina inaugurated the first submarine base of Bangladesh ‘BNS Sheikh 
Hasina’ at Pekua in Cox’s Bazar.
➢ NTPC Group’s total installed capacity reaches 72,304 MW with first overseas capacity addition in 
Bangladesh.
➢ People’s Republic of Bangladesh.
➢ Capital: Dhaka.
➢ Currency : Taka.
➢ Prime Minister : Sheikh Hasina Wazed.
➢ President : Mohammad Shahabuddin.

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❇️ 20 JULY

♣️ INTERNATIONAL CHESS DAY
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय शतरंज दिवस

🔹In 5th century, chess was invented in India. It was called "Chaturanga" at the time.

🔷The international chess day was proposed by UNESCO & it has been celebrated as such since 1966, after it was est. by FIDE.

🥇Recent Indian Chess Grandmasters:
79th - Pranesh M (Tamil Nadu)
80th - Vignesh N R (Tamil Nadu)
81st - Sayantan Das (WB)
82nd - Vuppala Prraneeth (Telangana)

🔹 Viswananthan Anand : Mind Master: Winning Lessons from a Champion's Life

🟢 NEWS
🔷Dubai Becomes The Host For The Inaugural Edition Of The Global Chess League

🔶Indian Grandmaster D Gukesh Wins Title At World Chess Armageddon Asia And Oceania Event

🔷Asian Chess Federation Confers D Gukesh With Player Of The Year Award

🔶Koneru Humpy Won Silver At The World Chess Blitz Championship

🔘FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs)
▪️Est. : July, 1924
▪️President: Arkady Dvorkovich
▪️HQ: Lausanne, Switzerland

✍ Credit : Arvιnd Kυмar ⛥

✅ Daily The Hindu Vocabulary | 20.07.2023


1. PLAUSIBLE (ADJECTIVE): (विश्वसनीय): credible
Synonyms: reasonable, believable
Antonyms: unlikely
Example Sentence:
He gave a plausible explanation of how he got into acting.


2. TRANSGRESSION (NOUN):(उल्लंघन) : offence
Synonyms: crime, sin
Antonyms: obedience
Example Sentence:
I'll be keeping an eye out for further transgressions.


3. THRILL (VERB): (रोमांचित करना): excite
Synonyms: stimulate, arouse
Antonyms: bore
Example Sentence:
Frankly, jumping off a cliff doesn't thrill me at all.


4. CONFISCATE (VERB): (ज़ब्त करना): impound
Synonyms: seize, commandeer
Antonyms: return
Example Sentence:
The guards immediately confiscated his camera.


5. NEGLIGENCE (NOUN): (लापरवाही): carelessness
Synonyms: dereliction of duty, neglect
Antonyms: conscientiousness
Example Sentence:
She got injured due to the negligence of his employers.


6. STASH (VERB): (छिपाना): store
Synonyms: stow, pack
Antonyms: show
Example Sentence:
Their wealth had been stashed away in Swiss banks.


7.PERTINENT (ADJECTIVE):(प्रासंगिक): relevant
Synonyms: to the point, apposite
Antonyms: irrelevant
Example Sentence:
She asked me a lot of pertinent questions.


8. CONFINE (VERB): (सीमित करना): enclose
Synonyms: incarcerate, imprison
Antonyms: release
Example Sentence:
He does not confine his message to high politics.


9. VETERAN (NOUN): (अनुभवी): old hand
Synonyms: old-timer, old stager
Antonyms: novice
Example Sentence:
He is a veteran theatre artist.


10. LAPSE (VERB): (अवधि समाप्त होना): expire
Synonyms: run out, terminate
Antonyms: current
Example Sentence:
He let his membership of CND lapse.

Ꭻᴏɪɴ🔥 ⃝➥ @EnglishquizzClub
Ꭻᴏɪɴ🔥 ⃝➥ @english_mcq

🟢 KEY OFFICIALS OF INDIA

1. Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) - Anil Chauhan
2. Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) - Girish Chandra Murmu (14th)
3. Controller General of Accounts (CGA) - Shri S.S. Dubey (28th)
4. Attorney General of India - R. Vekataremani
5. Solicitor General of India - Tushar Mehta
6. Chairman, ISRO - S. Somanath (10th)
7. Chief of Naval Staff - Admiral R. Hari Kumar (25th)
8. Chief of Air Staff - Air Chief Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhary (27th)
9. Chief of Army Staff - Manoj Pande (29th)
10. Governor, Reserve Bank of India - Shaktikanta Das (25th)
11. Chief Justice - D.Y. Chandrachud (50th)
12. Chairman, 15th Finance Commission - N.K. Singh
13. Chief Information Commissioner - Yashvardhan Kumar Sinha (11th)
14. Chief Election Commissioner of India - Rajeev Kumar (25th)
15. Chairperson, National Commission for Women - Rekha Sharma (9th)
16. Chairman, 22nd Law Commission - Ritu Raj Awasthi
17. Vice-Chairperson, NITI Aayog - Dr. Suman Ke Beri
18. Speaker of Lok Sabha - Om Birla (17th)
19. CEO/Chairman, Railway Board - Anil Kumar Lahoti
20. National Security Advisor - Ajit Doval
21. Chairperson, National Human Rights Commission - Arun Kumar Mishra (8th)

📊 HENLEY PASSPORT INDEX 2023
▪️Headquarters - London (United Kingdom)
▪️Issuer - Henley & Partners
▪️Total Passports - 199 passports (included)
▪️Chairman - Dr. Christian H. Kaelin

🟢 INDIA'S RANKING - 80
• India improved by 5 ranks in 2023 and is now at the 80th position.
NOTE - India has visa-free access to 57 countries (out of 277 countries) for visa-free travel.

Top 3 Countries - Passport Rankings:
1. Singapore - 192 (visa-free access to 192 countries)
2. Germany, Italy, Spain - 190
3. Austria, Finland, France, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Sweden - 189

NOTE - Afghanistan holds the lowest position.

🏆 LIST OF SPORTS AWARDS AND CHAMPIONSHIPS 2023

1. Tata IPL - Title 23 - Chennai Super Kings
2. Khelo India University Games - Punjab University
3. 5th Khelo India Youth Games - Maharashtra (First Place)
4. Intercontinental Football Cup - Hosted by India (Bhubaneswar)
5. Tennis Tournament (French Open) - Novak Djokovic (Serbia)
6. Tennis Tournament (French Open) - Iga Swiatek (Poland) (Women's Singles)
7. ICC World Test Championship - Australia
8. Football Tournament - UEFA Champions League (Manchester City)
9. FIFA Under-20 World Cup Title - Uruguay
10. Hockey Junior Asia Cup 2023 - India
11. FIH Men's Hockey World Cup 2023 - Germany (Shubhankar Oli)
12. FIFA World Cup - 2022 Title - Argentina
13. Badminton - 13th Sudirman Cup 2023 - China
14. Women's Premier League (WPL) 2023 - Mumbai Indians
15. Women's Hockey Junior Asia Cup 23 - India
16. Cricket Tournament - Ranji Trophy - 2023 - Saurashtra
17. Football Tournament - Santosh Trophy - 2023 - Karnataka
18. Tennis Tournament - Surbiton Trophy - 2023 - Andy Murray (Britain)
19. ISSF Junior World Cup (India's Position) - First
20. Spanish Grand Prix Title - 23 - Max Verstappen (Red Bull - Netherlands)