Arguing – in the academic sense
In academic writing, getting your point across is crucial. But you have to make sure the language you use isn't too informal – or even rude. Scroll down and try these activities to work on your language of argument.
A language of argument glossary
Let's start by looking at some key terms and concepts related to academic arguments.
claim
The claim is the point you are making. For example:
The use of 3D technology in the film Avatar transformed the way big-budget movies are made.
This is not a fact. Other people might have a different opinion. Therefore you need to support this claim with evidence.
justification
What about justification? It is the logical thinking that explains why the evidence supports the claim. It’s sometimes called the warrant. In many cases, the justification is not actually written down as part of the argument, as it an obvious assumption or widely held belief. The warrant here could be:
Because Avatar used 3D technology in a new, ambitious way and achieved great financial success, other big-budget movies copied this technique in the hope they would make more money. In this way, Avatar changed the film industry, and transformed audience expectations.
counter-arguments
Arguments can also include counter-arguments.
This is where you anticipate potential rejections of your argument.
Many other big-budget films after Avatar have not employed 3D. The James Bond movie, Spectre, made almost $900m in cinemas in 2015. Therefore, you don’t need to be 3D to be successful.
Avatar did not invent the 3D film. The first commercially released 3D film was The Power of Love, produced in 1922.
evidence
The evidence is the data or information you use to support your claim.
Avatar used 3D technology in a more ambitious way than ever before.
Avatar earned $2.8bn in cinemas around the world, more than any other movie in history.
After Avatar, the number of big-budget feature films using 3D technology increased dramatically (Motion Picture Association of America, 2017).
Six out of the ten most popular films shown in the UK in 2016 were available in 3D.
These pieces of evidence may be drawn from many different sources. When including the work of others, you need to reference it.
limitations
In certain kinds of academic papers, it’s important to include what we call limitations. If you are reporting and analysing the results of a survey, for example, you need to talk about the weakest areas of your study. This could be related to the methodology or sample size, for instance:
This study was limited by the small sample size…
Link:https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/go-the-distance/unit-3/session-4
In academic writing, getting your point across is crucial. But you have to make sure the language you use isn't too informal – or even rude. Scroll down and try these activities to work on your language of argument.
A language of argument glossary
Let's start by looking at some key terms and concepts related to academic arguments.
claim
The claim is the point you are making. For example:
The use of 3D technology in the film Avatar transformed the way big-budget movies are made.
This is not a fact. Other people might have a different opinion. Therefore you need to support this claim with evidence.
justification
What about justification? It is the logical thinking that explains why the evidence supports the claim. It’s sometimes called the warrant. In many cases, the justification is not actually written down as part of the argument, as it an obvious assumption or widely held belief. The warrant here could be:
Because Avatar used 3D technology in a new, ambitious way and achieved great financial success, other big-budget movies copied this technique in the hope they would make more money. In this way, Avatar changed the film industry, and transformed audience expectations.
counter-arguments
Arguments can also include counter-arguments.
This is where you anticipate potential rejections of your argument.
Many other big-budget films after Avatar have not employed 3D. The James Bond movie, Spectre, made almost $900m in cinemas in 2015. Therefore, you don’t need to be 3D to be successful.
Avatar did not invent the 3D film. The first commercially released 3D film was The Power of Love, produced in 1922.
evidence
The evidence is the data or information you use to support your claim.
Avatar used 3D technology in a more ambitious way than ever before.
Avatar earned $2.8bn in cinemas around the world, more than any other movie in history.
After Avatar, the number of big-budget feature films using 3D technology increased dramatically (Motion Picture Association of America, 2017).
Six out of the ten most popular films shown in the UK in 2016 were available in 3D.
These pieces of evidence may be drawn from many different sources. When including the work of others, you need to reference it.
limitations
In certain kinds of academic papers, it’s important to include what we call limitations. If you are reporting and analysing the results of a survey, for example, you need to talk about the weakest areas of your study. This could be related to the methodology or sample size, for instance:
This study was limited by the small sample size…
Link:https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/go-the-distance/unit-3/session-4
BBC Learning English
BBC Learning English - Course: Go The Distance / Unit 3 / Session 4 / Activity 1
Find alternative!
have a bad effect
have a bad effect
Anonymous Quiz
40%
have repercussions
19%
have repairment
41%
have resurrection
Find alternative!
The idea can not be denied
The idea can not be denied
Anonymous Quiz
14%
The view must be avoided
53%
The view must be acknowledged .
33%
The viewpoint can not accepted.
100 common misspelled words in IELTS
Accommodation
Achieve
Analysis
Appropriate
Argument
Benefit
Business
Challenge
College
Commitment
Community
Conclusion
Consequence
Continuous
Decision
Definitely
Development
Different
Difficulty
Disadvantage
Discipline
Economic
Education
Environment
Equally
Essential
Example
Experience
Explanation
Extremely
Familiar
Financial
Government
Grammar
Identify
Immediately
Important
Individual
Information
Introduction
Knowledge
Language
Leadership
Limited
Majority
Management
Necessary
Opportunity
Organization
Participate
Particularly
Possible
Practice
Preference
Preparation
Principal
Privilege
Problem
Professional
Pronunciation
Provide
Psychology
Purpose
Questionnaire
Recognize
Reference
Relationship
Relevant
Research
Responsibility
Restaurant
Separate
Similar
Society
Successful
Suitable
Technology
Temporary
Thorough
University
Usually
Vocabulary
Volunteer
Weather
Writing
Advantageous
Circumstance
Fascinating
Misunderstanding
Occasion
Phenomenon
Subconscious
Temperament
Unnecessary
Variation
Vigorous
Weird
Misinterpretation
Miscommunication
Inconvenience
Accommodation
Achieve
Analysis
Appropriate
Argument
Benefit
Business
Challenge
College
Commitment
Community
Conclusion
Consequence
Continuous
Decision
Definitely
Development
Different
Difficulty
Disadvantage
Discipline
Economic
Education
Environment
Equally
Essential
Example
Experience
Explanation
Extremely
Familiar
Financial
Government
Grammar
Identify
Immediately
Important
Individual
Information
Introduction
Knowledge
Language
Leadership
Limited
Majority
Management
Necessary
Opportunity
Organization
Participate
Particularly
Possible
Practice
Preference
Preparation
Principal
Privilege
Problem
Professional
Pronunciation
Provide
Psychology
Purpose
Questionnaire
Recognize
Reference
Relationship
Relevant
Research
Responsibility
Restaurant
Separate
Similar
Society
Successful
Suitable
Technology
Temporary
Thorough
University
Usually
Vocabulary
Volunteer
Weather
Writing
Advantageous
Circumstance
Fascinating
Misunderstanding
Occasion
Phenomenon
Subconscious
Temperament
Unnecessary
Variation
Vigorous
Weird
Misinterpretation
Miscommunication
Inconvenience
#chunks #band9
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 1 Topic:
Some people argue that parents of children who break the law should be punished in some way, because they are responsible for their children’s actions.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Responsibility lies with the parents: Some contend that the parents bear ultimate responsibility for their children's actions.
Bear the consequences: Parents should bear the consequences of their children's unlawful behavior.
Nurturing environment: Parents play a crucial role in providing a nurturing environment for their children.
Moral compass: Parents are expected to instill a strong moral compass in their children.
Role model: Parents are supposed to serve as positive role models for their children.
Inculcate values: It is the responsibility of parents to inculcate values such as integrity and respect in their children.
Vigilant supervision: Parents should exercise vigilant supervision over their children's activities to prevent them from engaging in unlawful behavior.
Accountable for upbringing: Parents should be held accountable for the upbringing of their children.
Parental guidance: Children require appropriate parental guidance to steer them away from illegal activities.
Educational measures: Implementing educational measures could help parents better understand their role in shaping their children's behavior.
Restorative justice: Instead of punishment, restorative justice approaches can focus on repairing harm caused by the child's actions, while involving parents in the process.
Parenting programs: Providing parents with access to specialized programs can equip them with the necessary skills to raise law-abiding children.
Parental involvement: Parents should actively involve themselves in their children's lives to prevent them from becoming involved in criminal activities.
Proactive measures: Taking proactive measures, such as providing resources and support, can help parents fulfill their role effectively.
Individual circumstances: It is important to consider individual circumstances when determining the extent of parental responsibility for a child's actions.
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 1 Topic:
Some people argue that parents of children who break the law should be punished in some way, because they are responsible for their children’s actions.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Responsibility lies with the parents: Some contend that the parents bear ultimate responsibility for their children's actions.
Bear the consequences: Parents should bear the consequences of their children's unlawful behavior.
Nurturing environment: Parents play a crucial role in providing a nurturing environment for their children.
Moral compass: Parents are expected to instill a strong moral compass in their children.
Role model: Parents are supposed to serve as positive role models for their children.
Inculcate values: It is the responsibility of parents to inculcate values such as integrity and respect in their children.
Vigilant supervision: Parents should exercise vigilant supervision over their children's activities to prevent them from engaging in unlawful behavior.
Accountable for upbringing: Parents should be held accountable for the upbringing of their children.
Parental guidance: Children require appropriate parental guidance to steer them away from illegal activities.
Educational measures: Implementing educational measures could help parents better understand their role in shaping their children's behavior.
Restorative justice: Instead of punishment, restorative justice approaches can focus on repairing harm caused by the child's actions, while involving parents in the process.
Parenting programs: Providing parents with access to specialized programs can equip them with the necessary skills to raise law-abiding children.
Parental involvement: Parents should actively involve themselves in their children's lives to prevent them from becoming involved in criminal activities.
Proactive measures: Taking proactive measures, such as providing resources and support, can help parents fulfill their role effectively.
Individual circumstances: It is important to consider individual circumstances when determining the extent of parental responsibility for a child's actions.
#chunks #band9
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 2 Topic:
In the past, most people worked for small businesses, while more people now work for large businesses.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of working for large businesses?
Prevailing inclination: The prevailing inclination among recent graduates is to pursue careers in the technology industry.
Well-known companies: Google and Apple are well-known companies in the tech industry.
Major pros and cons: Let's discuss the major pros and cons of working remotely.
Financial stability: The company's financial stability allows them to invest in new projects and expand their operations.
Attractive perks, bonuses, and competitive salaries: The company offers attractive perks such as flexible working hours, performance bonuses, and competitive salaries.
Cutting-edge technologies: The research facility is equipped with cutting-edge technologies to conduct advanced experiments.
Progressive work environment: The company fosters a progressive work environment that encourages collaboration and innovation.
Boosting their resumes: Working on high-profile projects will significantly boost their resumes and increase their chances of future success.
Launching their own successful ventures: Many entrepreneurs gained valuable experience working for established companies before launching their own successful ventures.
Stepping stone: The internship served as a stepping stone for her career, opening doors to new opportunities.
Highly competitive: The job market in the finance industry is highly competitive, with numerous qualified candidates vying for limited positions.
Meeting the expectations: As a senior manager, it is crucial to meet the expectations of your team and deliver results consistently.
Potential for an excessively controlled work environment: In some organizations, there is a potential for an excessively controlled work environment, where employees have limited autonomy in decision-making.
Lack of independence: The micromanagement style of the manager leads to a lack of independence among team members.
Fear of punishment: The fear of punishment for making mistakes hinders creativity and innovation in the workplace.
Tangible example: The decline in employee morale is a tangible example of the negative impact of poor leadership.
Striking a balance: It is important to strike a balance between work and personal life to maintain overall well-being.
Professional growth: Attending conferences and workshops contributes to professional growth and keeps individuals updated with the latest industry trends.
Personal well-being: Engaging in regular exercise and mindfulness practices promotes personal well-being and reduces stress levels.
Navigating their careers successfully: Career coaching and mentorship programs help individuals navigate their careers successfully by providing guidance and support.
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 2 Topic:
In the past, most people worked for small businesses, while more people now work for large businesses.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of working for large businesses?
Prevailing inclination: The prevailing inclination among recent graduates is to pursue careers in the technology industry.
Well-known companies: Google and Apple are well-known companies in the tech industry.
Major pros and cons: Let's discuss the major pros and cons of working remotely.
Financial stability: The company's financial stability allows them to invest in new projects and expand their operations.
Attractive perks, bonuses, and competitive salaries: The company offers attractive perks such as flexible working hours, performance bonuses, and competitive salaries.
Cutting-edge technologies: The research facility is equipped with cutting-edge technologies to conduct advanced experiments.
Progressive work environment: The company fosters a progressive work environment that encourages collaboration and innovation.
Boosting their resumes: Working on high-profile projects will significantly boost their resumes and increase their chances of future success.
Launching their own successful ventures: Many entrepreneurs gained valuable experience working for established companies before launching their own successful ventures.
Stepping stone: The internship served as a stepping stone for her career, opening doors to new opportunities.
Highly competitive: The job market in the finance industry is highly competitive, with numerous qualified candidates vying for limited positions.
Meeting the expectations: As a senior manager, it is crucial to meet the expectations of your team and deliver results consistently.
Potential for an excessively controlled work environment: In some organizations, there is a potential for an excessively controlled work environment, where employees have limited autonomy in decision-making.
Lack of independence: The micromanagement style of the manager leads to a lack of independence among team members.
Fear of punishment: The fear of punishment for making mistakes hinders creativity and innovation in the workplace.
Tangible example: The decline in employee morale is a tangible example of the negative impact of poor leadership.
Striking a balance: It is important to strike a balance between work and personal life to maintain overall well-being.
Professional growth: Attending conferences and workshops contributes to professional growth and keeps individuals updated with the latest industry trends.
Personal well-being: Engaging in regular exercise and mindfulness practices promotes personal well-being and reduces stress levels.
Navigating their careers successfully: Career coaching and mentorship programs help individuals navigate their careers successfully by providing guidance and support.
#chunks #band9
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 3 Topic:
Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
What other measures do you think might be effective?
1. Tackle the growing issues: Governments around the world are implementing various strategies to tackle the growing issues of traffic congestion and pollution.
2. Traffic congestion and pollution: Cities with high population densities often suffer from severe traffic congestion and air pollution due to excessive car usage.
3. Optimal solution: While increasing petrol prices might seem like the optimal solution, it is important to consider its potential drawbacks and explore alternative approaches.
4. Potential benefits: Proponents argue that increasing petrol prices would deter people from excessive car usage and encourage them to explore more sustainable transportation options, such as public transit or cycling.
5. Strongly disagree: I strongly disagree with the notion that increasing petrol prices is the best way to address traffic and pollution problems, as it may have unintended consequences and disproportionately impact certain groups.
6. More effective measures: Instead of relying solely on petrol price increases, more effective measures should be considered to tackle traffic congestion and pollution.
7. Raise petrol prices: Some policymakers propose to raise petrol prices as a means to discourage car usage and reduce traffic congestion.
8. Simply raising petrol prices: However, simply raising petrol prices without implementing additional measures might not lead to the desired outcomes.
9. Undue burden: Increasing petrol prices excessively would place an undue burden on low-income individuals who heavily rely on private transportation for their daily commute.
10. Living standards: Higher petrol prices can significantly impact the living standards of individuals and families, as it increases their transportation expenses and reduces their disposable income.
11. Escalating fuel expenses: Escalating fuel expenses can have a cascading effect on the prices of goods and services, as transportation costs rise and businesses pass on the additional expenses to consumers.
12. Production and delivery costs: Increasing fuel expenses not only affect personal transportation but also impact the production and delivery costs of goods, potentially leading to higher prices for consumers.
13. Ripple effect: Higher petrol prices can create a ripple effect throughout the economy, affecting various sectors and increasing the cost of living for the general population.
14. Social and economic inequalities: Policies solely focused on increasing petrol prices can deepen existing social and economic inequalities, as low-income individuals bear a disproportionate burden compared to their wealthier counterparts.
15. Prohibitive measures: Prohibitive measures, such as significantly increasing the price of a specific item, can often lead to unintended consequences and illicit activities.
16. Unintended consequences: For example, the alcohol ban in the United States during the Prohibition era led to the rise of illegal alcohol production and distribution, along with associated criminal activities.
17. Alternative measures: It is crucial to explore alternative measures that can effectively address traffic congestion and pollution without imposing excessive burdens on individuals.
18. Sustainable transportation practices: Encouraging sustainable transportation practices, such as promoting public transportation usage and carpooling, can help alleviate traffic congestion and reduce individual carbon footprints.
19. Public transportation: Investing in the expansion and improvement of public transportation networks can provide viable alternatives to private car usage, resulting in reduced traffic congestion.
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 3 Topic:
Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
What other measures do you think might be effective?
1. Tackle the growing issues: Governments around the world are implementing various strategies to tackle the growing issues of traffic congestion and pollution.
2. Traffic congestion and pollution: Cities with high population densities often suffer from severe traffic congestion and air pollution due to excessive car usage.
3. Optimal solution: While increasing petrol prices might seem like the optimal solution, it is important to consider its potential drawbacks and explore alternative approaches.
4. Potential benefits: Proponents argue that increasing petrol prices would deter people from excessive car usage and encourage them to explore more sustainable transportation options, such as public transit or cycling.
5. Strongly disagree: I strongly disagree with the notion that increasing petrol prices is the best way to address traffic and pollution problems, as it may have unintended consequences and disproportionately impact certain groups.
6. More effective measures: Instead of relying solely on petrol price increases, more effective measures should be considered to tackle traffic congestion and pollution.
7. Raise petrol prices: Some policymakers propose to raise petrol prices as a means to discourage car usage and reduce traffic congestion.
8. Simply raising petrol prices: However, simply raising petrol prices without implementing additional measures might not lead to the desired outcomes.
9. Undue burden: Increasing petrol prices excessively would place an undue burden on low-income individuals who heavily rely on private transportation for their daily commute.
10. Living standards: Higher petrol prices can significantly impact the living standards of individuals and families, as it increases their transportation expenses and reduces their disposable income.
11. Escalating fuel expenses: Escalating fuel expenses can have a cascading effect on the prices of goods and services, as transportation costs rise and businesses pass on the additional expenses to consumers.
12. Production and delivery costs: Increasing fuel expenses not only affect personal transportation but also impact the production and delivery costs of goods, potentially leading to higher prices for consumers.
13. Ripple effect: Higher petrol prices can create a ripple effect throughout the economy, affecting various sectors and increasing the cost of living for the general population.
14. Social and economic inequalities: Policies solely focused on increasing petrol prices can deepen existing social and economic inequalities, as low-income individuals bear a disproportionate burden compared to their wealthier counterparts.
15. Prohibitive measures: Prohibitive measures, such as significantly increasing the price of a specific item, can often lead to unintended consequences and illicit activities.
16. Unintended consequences: For example, the alcohol ban in the United States during the Prohibition era led to the rise of illegal alcohol production and distribution, along with associated criminal activities.
17. Alternative measures: It is crucial to explore alternative measures that can effectively address traffic congestion and pollution without imposing excessive burdens on individuals.
18. Sustainable transportation practices: Encouraging sustainable transportation practices, such as promoting public transportation usage and carpooling, can help alleviate traffic congestion and reduce individual carbon footprints.
19. Public transportation: Investing in the expansion and improvement of public transportation networks can provide viable alternatives to private car usage, resulting in reduced traffic congestion.
Forwarded from Panda Writing
#chunks #band9
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 4 Topic:
Young people learn from more about good behavior form books or films/movies than they learn from real-life experiences.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
1. The upbringing of children:
- Parents play a crucial role in the upbringing of children, shaping their values and behavior.
2. Play a crucial role:
- Education plays a crucial role in a child's development, shaping their knowledge and skills.
3. Cannot replicate the effect:
- Virtual reality technology cannot replicate the effect of real-life experiences, such as traveling to different countries.
4. Behave properly:
- It is important for children to learn how to behave properly in social settings, such as showing respect and following social norms.
5. Adhere to school rules:
- Students should adhere to school rules, such as being punctual, wearing a uniform, and respecting teachers and peers.
6. Tremendous impact on people's personalities:
- Positive role models can have a tremendous impact on people's personalities, shaping their character and values.
7. Targeted at youngsters:
- The content of educational programs on television is often targeted at youngsters, aiming to educate and entertain them.
8. Ensure their future development:
- Early childhood education programs are designed to ensure the future development of young children, providing a strong foundation for learning.
9. Cannot come close in comparison:
- Reading a book about swimming cannot come close in comparison to the actual experience of swimming in a pool or the ocean.
10. Based on the knowledge and worldview:
- Scientific theories are based on the knowledge and worldview of researchers, reflecting their understanding of the natural world.
11. Not be realistic or suitable:
- Some movie scenes may not be realistic or suitable for young audiences, requiring parental guidance and age restrictions.
12. Discover realistic and suitable approaches:
- Through real-life experiences, children can discover realistic and suitable approaches to problem-solving and decision-making.
13. Behavioral patterns formed through real events:
- Positive behavioral patterns can be formed through real events, such as acts of kindness and empathy experienced in daily life.
14. Apply them compared to fictional stories:
- Children are more likely to apply real-life lessons they have learned compared to the moral lessons portrayed in fictional stories.
15. Far more influential than any theories put forth:
- The guidance and moral values demonstrated by parents are far more influential in shaping a child's character than any philosophical theories.
16. Contribute to a child's character development:
- Participating in team sports can contribute to a child's character development, teaching them values such as teamwork, discipline, and perseverance.
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 4 Topic:
Young people learn from more about good behavior form books or films/movies than they learn from real-life experiences.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
1. The upbringing of children:
- Parents play a crucial role in the upbringing of children, shaping their values and behavior.
2. Play a crucial role:
- Education plays a crucial role in a child's development, shaping their knowledge and skills.
3. Cannot replicate the effect:
- Virtual reality technology cannot replicate the effect of real-life experiences, such as traveling to different countries.
4. Behave properly:
- It is important for children to learn how to behave properly in social settings, such as showing respect and following social norms.
5. Adhere to school rules:
- Students should adhere to school rules, such as being punctual, wearing a uniform, and respecting teachers and peers.
6. Tremendous impact on people's personalities:
- Positive role models can have a tremendous impact on people's personalities, shaping their character and values.
7. Targeted at youngsters:
- The content of educational programs on television is often targeted at youngsters, aiming to educate and entertain them.
8. Ensure their future development:
- Early childhood education programs are designed to ensure the future development of young children, providing a strong foundation for learning.
9. Cannot come close in comparison:
- Reading a book about swimming cannot come close in comparison to the actual experience of swimming in a pool or the ocean.
10. Based on the knowledge and worldview:
- Scientific theories are based on the knowledge and worldview of researchers, reflecting their understanding of the natural world.
11. Not be realistic or suitable:
- Some movie scenes may not be realistic or suitable for young audiences, requiring parental guidance and age restrictions.
12. Discover realistic and suitable approaches:
- Through real-life experiences, children can discover realistic and suitable approaches to problem-solving and decision-making.
13. Behavioral patterns formed through real events:
- Positive behavioral patterns can be formed through real events, such as acts of kindness and empathy experienced in daily life.
14. Apply them compared to fictional stories:
- Children are more likely to apply real-life lessons they have learned compared to the moral lessons portrayed in fictional stories.
15. Far more influential than any theories put forth:
- The guidance and moral values demonstrated by parents are far more influential in shaping a child's character than any philosophical theories.
16. Contribute to a child's character development:
- Participating in team sports can contribute to a child's character development, teaching them values such as teamwork, discipline, and perseverance.
#Task1 #chunks #process
1. "The graph illustrates the various stages involved in the recycling of aluminium beverage cans."
2. "Overall, the diagram clearly depicts a cyclical process consisting of four main stages."
3. "In the initial stage of the process, the collected cans are sorted and divided into two groups, separating them into aluminium and steel containers."
4. "These cans are then transported by a lorry to the recycling center, where they undergo compression to form compact squares before being sent to the aluminium recycling factory."
5. "Within the factory, the recycling phase comprises four minor steps: firstly, the old aluminium cans are melted down in a pot to produce new aluminium bars."
6. "These bars are then transformed into rolls, which are subsequently used to create new beverage cans."
7. "Finally, the newly manufactured cans are distributed for use in beverage machines, thereby completing the recycling process."
By memorizing these chunks, you can effectively convey the main points and key details of the recycling process of aluminium beverage cans.
1. "The graph illustrates the various stages involved in the recycling of aluminium beverage cans."
2. "Overall, the diagram clearly depicts a cyclical process consisting of four main stages."
3. "In the initial stage of the process, the collected cans are sorted and divided into two groups, separating them into aluminium and steel containers."
4. "These cans are then transported by a lorry to the recycling center, where they undergo compression to form compact squares before being sent to the aluminium recycling factory."
5. "Within the factory, the recycling phase comprises four minor steps: firstly, the old aluminium cans are melted down in a pot to produce new aluminium bars."
6. "These bars are then transformed into rolls, which are subsequently used to create new beverage cans."
7. "Finally, the newly manufactured cans are distributed for use in beverage machines, thereby completing the recycling process."
By memorizing these chunks, you can effectively convey the main points and key details of the recycling process of aluminium beverage cans.
#chunks #band9
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 5 Topic:
Some parents believe that a child should not waste time by reading entertainment books, instead, they should spend time reading educational books only.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
- Raising children is a paramount concern for parents in every society.
- There is a debate regarding whether...
- I strongly agree with the viewpoint that...
- In this essay, I will elaborate on...
- The supporters of [idea/concept] argue that...
- Our limited lifespan necessitates...
- Time is a precious resource...
- It is imperative to prioritize...
- Educational books offer knowledge and insights that...
- Contribute to personal growth, well-being, and a broader perspective on life.
- In today's highly competitive [context], individuals are required to possess...
- By encouraging [activity/behavior], parents are equipping their children with...
- On the other hand, some may argue that...
- However, it is crucial to note that...
- Modern educational books are designed to...
- Cultivate various skills, including...
- These books are specifically tailored to...
- Engage young minds and provide them with...
- Therefore, children can develop...
- Without compromising...
- In conclusion...
- Selecting [noun] should not be taken lightly...
- They profoundly influence...
- By promoting [concept/behavior], parents are investing in...
- These books not only provide [aspect] but also help...
- I firmly believe that...
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 5 Topic:
Some parents believe that a child should not waste time by reading entertainment books, instead, they should spend time reading educational books only.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
- Raising children is a paramount concern for parents in every society.
- There is a debate regarding whether...
- I strongly agree with the viewpoint that...
- In this essay, I will elaborate on...
- The supporters of [idea/concept] argue that...
- Our limited lifespan necessitates...
- Time is a precious resource...
- It is imperative to prioritize...
- Educational books offer knowledge and insights that...
- Contribute to personal growth, well-being, and a broader perspective on life.
- In today's highly competitive [context], individuals are required to possess...
- By encouraging [activity/behavior], parents are equipping their children with...
- On the other hand, some may argue that...
- However, it is crucial to note that...
- Modern educational books are designed to...
- Cultivate various skills, including...
- These books are specifically tailored to...
- Engage young minds and provide them with...
- Therefore, children can develop...
- Without compromising...
- In conclusion...
- Selecting [noun] should not be taken lightly...
- They profoundly influence...
- By promoting [concept/behavior], parents are investing in...
- These books not only provide [aspect] but also help...
- I firmly believe that...
Panda Writing
#chunks #band9 Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks: Day 5 Topic: Some parents believe that a child should not waste time by reading entertainment books, instead, they should spend time reading educational books only. To what extent do you agree or disagree?…
#chunks #band9
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 6 Topic:
Nowadays public transport prices are constantly increasing.
Why do you think it is happening?
How can this problem be solved?
- Public transport prices: The escalating public transport prices have become a burden for many commuters.
- Constantly increasing: The cost of public transport is constantly increasing, making it difficult for people with limited budgets to afford it.
- Mitigate the problem: Effective measures need to be taken to mitigate the problem of rising public transport prices.
- Prohibitively expensive: The price of public transport tickets has become prohibitively expensive for many low-income individuals.
- Political instability: Political instability in the region has led to disruptions in fuel supply, contributing to the increase in public transport costs.
- Import-export: The import-export of fuel has been affected by trade restrictions, resulting in higher fuel prices and, subsequently, increased public transport fares.
- Fuel deficiencies: Fuel deficiencies caused by supply disruptions have forced public transport operators to increase prices to cover their costs.
- Running expenses: The running expenses of public transport companies include salaries, maintenance, and fuel costs.
- Reduction in transport fees: Implementing a reduction in transport fees would make public transportation more affordable for the general population.
- Enacting laws: Governments can play a crucial role in addressing the issue by enacting laws that regulate public transport pricing and promote affordability.
- Green public vehicles: The introduction of green public vehicles, such as electric buses and trains, can contribute to a more sustainable and eco-friendly transportation system.
- Electric trains and buses: Electric trains and buses offer a cleaner and more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional fossil fuel-powered vehicles.
- Far-sighted approach: Taking a far-sighted approach, governments should invest in renewable energy sources for public transport to reduce operating costs in the long run.
- Operation costs: Electric vehicles have lower operation costs compared to their fossil fuel counterparts, making them a more cost-effective option for public transport providers.
- Tackle the issue: Collaborative efforts are needed to tackle the issue of increasing public transport prices and ensure affordable transportation for all.
Band 9 Vocabulary and Grammar Chunks:
Day 6 Topic:
Nowadays public transport prices are constantly increasing.
Why do you think it is happening?
How can this problem be solved?
- Public transport prices: The escalating public transport prices have become a burden for many commuters.
- Constantly increasing: The cost of public transport is constantly increasing, making it difficult for people with limited budgets to afford it.
- Mitigate the problem: Effective measures need to be taken to mitigate the problem of rising public transport prices.
- Prohibitively expensive: The price of public transport tickets has become prohibitively expensive for many low-income individuals.
- Political instability: Political instability in the region has led to disruptions in fuel supply, contributing to the increase in public transport costs.
- Import-export: The import-export of fuel has been affected by trade restrictions, resulting in higher fuel prices and, subsequently, increased public transport fares.
- Fuel deficiencies: Fuel deficiencies caused by supply disruptions have forced public transport operators to increase prices to cover their costs.
- Running expenses: The running expenses of public transport companies include salaries, maintenance, and fuel costs.
- Reduction in transport fees: Implementing a reduction in transport fees would make public transportation more affordable for the general population.
- Enacting laws: Governments can play a crucial role in addressing the issue by enacting laws that regulate public transport pricing and promote affordability.
- Green public vehicles: The introduction of green public vehicles, such as electric buses and trains, can contribute to a more sustainable and eco-friendly transportation system.
- Electric trains and buses: Electric trains and buses offer a cleaner and more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional fossil fuel-powered vehicles.
- Far-sighted approach: Taking a far-sighted approach, governments should invest in renewable energy sources for public transport to reduce operating costs in the long run.
- Operation costs: Electric vehicles have lower operation costs compared to their fossil fuel counterparts, making them a more cost-effective option for public transport providers.
- Tackle the issue: Collaborative efforts are needed to tackle the issue of increasing public transport prices and ensure affordable transportation for all.