9️⃣Intensive (or emphatic) Pronouns
🔻What Are #Intensive_Pronouns?
In English grammar, an #intensive_pronoun is a pronoun ending in -self or -selves that serve to emphasize its antecedent. They are also known as #intensive_reflexive_pronouns.
#Intensive_pronouns often appear as appositives after nouns or other pronouns.
#Intensive_pronouns have the same forms as #reflexive_pronouns. Unlike #reflexive_pronouns, #intensive_pronouns are not essential to the basic meaning of a sentence.
➖She will do it herself.
(The #intensive_pronoun herself emphasizes that she will do it. Her husband won't do it. Her son won't do it. SHE will do it.)
➖The boys baked these scones themselves.
(The #intensive_pronoun themselves emphasizes that the boys baked the scones, i.e., not their mothers.)
➖I heard the lie myself.
(The #intensive_pronoun myself emphasizes that I heard the lie.)
⚠️Note: It's not always about people:
➖The dog opened the cupboard itself.
You can test if it's an #intensive_pronoun by removing it and seeing if you get the same effect by emphasizing the thing you're trying to emphasize with your voice (shown here in uppercase).
➖SHE will do it.
➖I heard the lie.
➖THE DOG opened the cupboard.
#Grammar
#Pronouns
#intensive_pronouns
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🔻What Are #Intensive_Pronouns?
In English grammar, an #intensive_pronoun is a pronoun ending in -self or -selves that serve to emphasize its antecedent. They are also known as #intensive_reflexive_pronouns.
#Intensive_pronouns often appear as appositives after nouns or other pronouns.
#Intensive_pronouns have the same forms as #reflexive_pronouns. Unlike #reflexive_pronouns, #intensive_pronouns are not essential to the basic meaning of a sentence.
➖She will do it herself.
(The #intensive_pronoun herself emphasizes that she will do it. Her husband won't do it. Her son won't do it. SHE will do it.)
➖The boys baked these scones themselves.
(The #intensive_pronoun themselves emphasizes that the boys baked the scones, i.e., not their mothers.)
➖I heard the lie myself.
(The #intensive_pronoun myself emphasizes that I heard the lie.)
⚠️Note: It's not always about people:
➖The dog opened the cupboard itself.
You can test if it's an #intensive_pronoun by removing it and seeing if you get the same effect by emphasizing the thing you're trying to emphasize with your voice (shown here in uppercase).
➖SHE will do it.
➖I heard the lie.
➖THE DOG opened the cupboard.
#Grammar
#Pronouns
#intensive_pronouns
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🔴Bring up the rear
= to be the last in a line or group
🔹Mother led the way, with the children bringing up the rear.
#Phrase
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= to be the last in a line or group
🔹Mother led the way, with the children bringing up the rear.
#Phrase
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✨Abroad
#adverb
➖Since I was small, I've always wanted to go to abroad.✘
➖Since I was small, I've always wanted to go abroad.✅
➖I would like to continue my studies in abroad.✘
➖I would like to continue my studies abroad.✅
◆◆◆
🔻go/live/be abroad (WITHOUT to, at, in etc)
The only preposition that is used before abroad is FROM:
➖She came back from abroad saying how much she had missed her home and family.
#Common_mistakes
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#adverb
➖Since I was small, I've always wanted to go to abroad.✘
➖Since I was small, I've always wanted to go abroad.✅
➖I would like to continue my studies in abroad.✘
➖I would like to continue my studies abroad.✅
◆◆◆
🔻go/live/be abroad (WITHOUT to, at, in etc)
The only preposition that is used before abroad is FROM:
➖She came back from abroad saying how much she had missed her home and family.
#Common_mistakes
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⭐️Any port in a storm
= used for saying that you will accept any help or take any opportunity if you are in a bad situation
✨It’s not an ideal solution, but any port in a storm.
✨He hates his job, but he can't get another. Any port in a storm, you know.
#Phrase
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= used for saying that you will accept any help or take any opportunity if you are in a bad situation
✨It’s not an ideal solution, but any port in a storm.
✨He hates his job, but he can't get another. Any port in a storm, you know.
#Phrase
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Approximations (around four o’clock)
✨When we speak, we often try not to be too exact or factual because it can sound very direct. As a result, we add expressions to make what we say more approximate or vague.
Compare!
➖I’ve lived here for two years and four months.(This might sound too factual or exact.)
➖I’ve lived here for almost two and a half years.(This is more approximate and sounds less factual and exact.)
⭕️Before a number
➖We’ll pick you up around six.
➖In this country, we usually have dinner at about seven o’clock.
🅰️:How long have you been living here?
🅱️:For about three years.
➖Roughly 30 people are coming to my graduation party.
➖Up to 20 people are still missing after the earthquake.
➖She said she’d call here at or around ten o’clock.
✨We also use approximation in #formal speech and writing:
➖The accident occurred at approximately 9 am.
➖In the region of 40 jobs are to be lost at the factory.
➖As many as 300 people were on the train when it broke down.
⭕️After a number
🔹Number + -odd:
➖Forty-odd people turned up at the demonstration. (at least 40 and maybe more)
🅰️:How much oil does the tank hold?
🅱️:I’m not sure. Fifty-odd litres, I’d say. (at least 50 litres and maybe more)
🚫We do not use -odd to talk about time:
➖It’s about seven o’clock at least.
Not: … seven-odd o’clock …✘
🔹Number + head noun + or so
🅰️:Can I have a lift to town with you?
🅱️:Absolutely. I’ll be leaving in ten minutes or so.
🔹Number + head noun + or something
🅰️:What’s the weight limit for luggage?
🅱️:20 kilos or something.
🔹Number + head noun + or thereabouts (more #formal)
✨[someone is giving directions]
➖Once you get to the school, turn left and our house is the first one on the left, half a mile, or thereabouts, up that road.
🔹Number + more or less (#informal_speaking)
➖This is going to cost four hundred pounds, more or less. (preferred to This is going to cost more or less four hundred pounds.)
🔹Using or between numbers
➖The bus from the airport usually costs just three or four pounds.
🔹Adding the suffix -ish (#informal_speaking)
🅰️:What time are we going out?
🅱️:I think Linda said that she’d pick us up at sixish.
🅰️:What age are Gabriela’s children?
🅱️:Her daughter is fourish and her son must be at least seven.
#Useful_phrases
@PMPerfect1
✨When we speak, we often try not to be too exact or factual because it can sound very direct. As a result, we add expressions to make what we say more approximate or vague.
Compare!
➖I’ve lived here for two years and four months.(This might sound too factual or exact.)
➖I’ve lived here for almost two and a half years.(This is more approximate and sounds less factual and exact.)
⭕️Before a number
➖We’ll pick you up around six.
➖In this country, we usually have dinner at about seven o’clock.
🅰️:How long have you been living here?
🅱️:For about three years.
➖Roughly 30 people are coming to my graduation party.
➖Up to 20 people are still missing after the earthquake.
➖She said she’d call here at or around ten o’clock.
✨We also use approximation in #formal speech and writing:
➖The accident occurred at approximately 9 am.
➖In the region of 40 jobs are to be lost at the factory.
➖As many as 300 people were on the train when it broke down.
⭕️After a number
🔹Number + -odd:
➖Forty-odd people turned up at the demonstration. (at least 40 and maybe more)
🅰️:How much oil does the tank hold?
🅱️:I’m not sure. Fifty-odd litres, I’d say. (at least 50 litres and maybe more)
🚫We do not use -odd to talk about time:
➖It’s about seven o’clock at least.
Not: … seven-odd o’clock …✘
🔹Number + head noun + or so
🅰️:Can I have a lift to town with you?
🅱️:Absolutely. I’ll be leaving in ten minutes or so.
🔹Number + head noun + or something
🅰️:What’s the weight limit for luggage?
🅱️:20 kilos or something.
🔹Number + head noun + or thereabouts (more #formal)
✨[someone is giving directions]
➖Once you get to the school, turn left and our house is the first one on the left, half a mile, or thereabouts, up that road.
🔹Number + more or less (#informal_speaking)
➖This is going to cost four hundred pounds, more or less. (preferred to This is going to cost more or less four hundred pounds.)
🔹Using or between numbers
➖The bus from the airport usually costs just three or four pounds.
🔹Adding the suffix -ish (#informal_speaking)
🅰️:What time are we going out?
🅱️:I think Linda said that she’d pick us up at sixish.
🅰️:What age are Gabriela’s children?
🅱️:Her daughter is fourish and her son must be at least seven.
#Useful_phrases
@PMPerfect1
◆ The company will not accept to buy new machines.✖️
◆ The company will not agree to buy new machines.✔️
✨You accept someone's advice, opinion, or suggestion
BUT you agree (= say you are willing) to do something.
♦️Compare:
◆ I accepted her suggestion and agreed to see the doctor that evening.
#Common_mistakes
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◆ The company will not agree to buy new machines.✔️
✨You accept someone's advice, opinion, or suggestion
BUT you agree (= say you are willing) to do something.
♦️Compare:
◆ I accepted her suggestion and agreed to see the doctor that evening.
#Common_mistakes
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🍁 Cannot stomach someone or something
= not to be able to tolerate someone or something.
➖I cannot stomach his silly remarks.
#idiom
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= not to be able to tolerate someone or something.
➖I cannot stomach his silly remarks.
#idiom
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🔴East, eastern, north, northern etc.
🔹The words east, west etc., are used for clearly defined places.
🔹The words eastern, western etc., are used when we are talking about vague areas.
🔻Compare:
✨The northern part of the country is hilly.
✨The north side of the house has four windows.
🔹Capital letters are used at the beginning of East, Eastern, North, Northern etc., when they come in official place names:
• South Africa
• the Middle East
• North Korea
🔹In other cases these words begin with small letters:
• The sun rises in the east.
• He came from the west.
#Perfect_your_sentences
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🔹The words east, west etc., are used for clearly defined places.
🔹The words eastern, western etc., are used when we are talking about vague areas.
🔻Compare:
✨The northern part of the country is hilly.
✨The north side of the house has four windows.
🔹Capital letters are used at the beginning of East, Eastern, North, Northern etc., when they come in official place names:
• South Africa
• the Middle East
• North Korea
🔹In other cases these words begin with small letters:
• The sun rises in the east.
• He came from the west.
#Perfect_your_sentences
@PMPerfect1
♦️ACCUSTOMED (adj.)
متعود/معتاد
✨When accustomed to means 'used to', it is followed by either a noun or a gerund.
➖He was not accustomed to hard work.
➖As we had been brought up in the country, we were accustomed to walking long distances.
✨When accustomed expresses the notion of something being
customary with a person, or of its being generally done, it is followed by an infinitive.
➖In those days I was accustomed to take a short walk before breakfast.
#English_prepositional_idioms
#Grammar
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متعود/معتاد
✨When accustomed to means 'used to', it is followed by either a noun or a gerund.
➖He was not accustomed to hard work.
➖As we had been brought up in the country, we were accustomed to walking long distances.
✨When accustomed expresses the notion of something being
customary with a person, or of its being generally done, it is followed by an infinitive.
➖In those days I was accustomed to take a short walk before breakfast.
#English_prepositional_idioms
#Grammar
@PMPerfect1
✨Save face
✨يحتفظ بماء الوجه
و تستخدم بمعنى منعاً للإحراج أو عدم الظهور بمظهر سخيف يفقدك احترام الآخرين لك
= to avoid seeming stupid or feeling embarrassed
🔻We’re looking for a compromise that allows both sides to save face.
✨Lose face
✨يفقد ماء الوجه
و تستخدم للتعبير عن فقد احترام الآخرين لك و خصوصاً عندما تفقد السيطرة على موقف ما
= to no longer impress people or be respected by them, especially by showing that you are not in control of a situation
🔻The government will lose face if they do not go ahead with this.
#Phrases
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✨يحتفظ بماء الوجه
و تستخدم بمعنى منعاً للإحراج أو عدم الظهور بمظهر سخيف يفقدك احترام الآخرين لك
= to avoid seeming stupid or feeling embarrassed
🔻We’re looking for a compromise that allows both sides to save face.
✨Lose face
✨يفقد ماء الوجه
و تستخدم للتعبير عن فقد احترام الآخرين لك و خصوصاً عندما تفقد السيطرة على موقف ما
= to no longer impress people or be respected by them, especially by showing that you are not in control of a situation
🔻The government will lose face if they do not go ahead with this.
#Phrases
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🔰 Sounds twinning (gemination)
When a word ends in a consonant sound and the following word begins with the same consonant sound, we don't pronounce two sounds - both sounds are pronounced together as one.
✨I'm a bit tired.
✨We have a lot to do.
✨Tell me what to say.
✨She's slept for three hours.
✨I've finished.
#Pronunciation_tips
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When a word ends in a consonant sound and the following word begins with the same consonant sound, we don't pronounce two sounds - both sounds are pronounced together as one.
✨I'm a bit tired.
✨We have a lot to do.
✨Tell me what to say.
✨She's slept for three hours.
✨I've finished.
#Pronunciation_tips
@PMPerfect1
🔰Sounds disappear (elision)
When the sounds /t/ or /d/ occur between two consonant sounds, they will often disappear completely from the pronunciation.
✨I'm going nex(t) week.
✨That was the wors(t) job I ever had!
✨Jus(t) one person came to the party!
✨I can'(t) swim.
#Pronunciation_tips
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When the sounds /t/ or /d/ occur between two consonant sounds, they will often disappear completely from the pronunciation.
✨I'm going nex(t) week.
✨That was the wors(t) job I ever had!
✨Jus(t) one person came to the party!
✨I can'(t) swim.
#Pronunciation_tips
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✨To "talk someone into" doing something
= to convince them to do it.
🔹The salesman talked me into buying the best model.
🔻The opposite is to "talk someone out of" doing something, meaning to convince them NOT to do it.
#Phrasal_verb
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= to convince them to do it.
🔹The salesman talked me into buying the best model.
🔻The opposite is to "talk someone out of" doing something, meaning to convince them NOT to do it.
#Phrasal_verb
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