🔹Essential American Idioms🔹
⭐️#ABUSE:
✨Pick on someone your own size
▶️ to abuse someone who is big enough to fight back.
🔻Go pick on somebody your own size!
🔻Max should learn to pick on someone his own size.
✨Take liberties with someone or something AND make free with someone or something
▶️ to use or abuse someone or something.
🔻You are overly familiar with me, Mr. Jones. One might think you were taking liberties with me.
🔻I don't like it when you make free with my lawn mower. You should at least ask when you want to borrow it.
✨Walk all over someone
▶️ to treat someone badly.
🔻She's so mean to her children. She walks all over them.
🔻The manager had walked all over Ann for months. Finally she quit.
#Thematic_Dictionary
#Essential_American_Idioms
@PMPerfect1
⭐️#ABUSE:
✨Pick on someone your own size
▶️ to abuse someone who is big enough to fight back.
🔻Go pick on somebody your own size!
🔻Max should learn to pick on someone his own size.
✨Take liberties with someone or something AND make free with someone or something
▶️ to use or abuse someone or something.
🔻You are overly familiar with me, Mr. Jones. One might think you were taking liberties with me.
🔻I don't like it when you make free with my lawn mower. You should at least ask when you want to borrow it.
✨Walk all over someone
▶️ to treat someone badly.
🔻She's so mean to her children. She walks all over them.
🔻The manager had walked all over Ann for months. Finally she quit.
#Thematic_Dictionary
#Essential_American_Idioms
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#Content /ˈkɒntent $ ˈkɑːn-/ #adjective [not before noun]
1️⃣happy and satisfied:
🔹Andy was a good husband, and Nicky was clearly very content.
💢content with
🔹We’ll be content with a respectable result in tomorrow’s match.
2️⃣content (for somebody) to do something ➡️ willing to do or accept something, rather than doing more:
🔹She sat quietly, content to watch him working.
🔹He seemed quite content to let Steve do the talking.
🔹Dr Belson had been more than content for them to deal with any difficulties.
3️⃣not content with something ➡️ used to emphasize that someone wants or does more than something:
🔹Not content with her new car, Selina now wants a bike.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
1️⃣happy and satisfied:
🔹Andy was a good husband, and Nicky was clearly very content.
💢content with
🔹We’ll be content with a respectable result in tomorrow’s match.
2️⃣content (for somebody) to do something ➡️ willing to do or accept something, rather than doing more:
🔹She sat quietly, content to watch him working.
🔹He seemed quite content to let Steve do the talking.
🔹Dr Belson had been more than content for them to deal with any difficulties.
3️⃣not content with something ➡️ used to emphasize that someone wants or does more than something:
🔹Not content with her new car, Selina now wants a bike.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Content /ˈkɒntent $ ˈkɑːn-/ #adjective [not before noun] 1️⃣happy and satisfied: 🔹Andy was a good husband, and Nicky was clearly very content. 💢content with 🔹We’ll be content with a respectable result in tomorrow’s match. 2️⃣content (for somebody)…
#️⃣#Content /ˈkɒntent $ ˈkɑːn-/ #noun
1️⃣contents [plural]
💢contents of
🔹The customs official rummaged through the contents of his briefcase.
🔹Most of the gallery’s contents were damaged in the fire.
💢contents insurance (=insurance for things such as furniture that you have in your house)
💢the things that are written in a letter, book etc
💢contents of
🔹She kept the contents of the letter a secret.
🔹The program automatically creates a table of contents (=a list at the beginning of a document that shows the different parts into which it is divided).
🔹He cast his eye down the contents page.
2️⃣[singular] the amount of a substance that is contained in something, especially food or drink
💢fat / protein / salt etc content
🔹the fat content of cheese
🔹water with a low salt content
3️⃣[singular, uncountable] the ideas, facts, or opinions that are contained in a speech, piece of writing, film, programme etc:
🔹The content of the media course includes scripting, editing, and camera work.
4️⃣[singular, uncountable] the information contained in a website, considered separately from the software that makes the website work:
🔹The graphics are brilliant. It’s just a shame the content is so poor.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
1️⃣contents [plural]
💢contents of
🔹The customs official rummaged through the contents of his briefcase.
🔹Most of the gallery’s contents were damaged in the fire.
💢contents insurance (=insurance for things such as furniture that you have in your house)
💢the things that are written in a letter, book etc
💢contents of
🔹She kept the contents of the letter a secret.
🔹The program automatically creates a table of contents (=a list at the beginning of a document that shows the different parts into which it is divided).
🔹He cast his eye down the contents page.
2️⃣[singular] the amount of a substance that is contained in something, especially food or drink
💢fat / protein / salt etc content
🔹the fat content of cheese
🔹water with a low salt content
3️⃣[singular, uncountable] the ideas, facts, or opinions that are contained in a speech, piece of writing, film, programme etc:
🔹The content of the media course includes scripting, editing, and camera work.
4️⃣[singular, uncountable] the information contained in a website, considered separately from the software that makes the website work:
🔹The graphics are brilliant. It’s just a shame the content is so poor.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Content /ˈkɒntent $ ˈkɑːn-/ #noun 1️⃣contents [plural] 💢contents of 🔹The customs official rummaged through the contents of his briefcase. 🔹Most of the gallery’s contents were damaged in the fire. 💢contents insurance (=insurance for things such as…
#️⃣#Content /ˈkɒntent $ ˈkɑːn-/ #noun [uncountable]
1️⃣literary a feeling of quiet happiness and satisfaction
2️⃣do something to your heart’s content ➡️ to do something as much as you want:
🔹She took refuge in the library, where she could read to her heart’s content.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
1️⃣literary a feeling of quiet happiness and satisfaction
2️⃣do something to your heart’s content ➡️ to do something as much as you want:
🔹She took refuge in the library, where she could read to her heart’s content.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Content /ˈkɒntent $ ˈkɑːn-/ #noun [uncountable] 1️⃣literary a feeling of quiet happiness and satisfaction 2️⃣do something to your heart’s content ➡️ to do something as much as you want: 🔹She took refuge in the library, where she could read to her heart’s…
#️⃣#Content /ˈkɒntent $ ˈkɑːn-/ #verb [transitive]
1️⃣content yourself with (doing) something ➡️ to do or have something that is not what you really wanted, but is still satisfactory:
🔹Mr Lal has been asking for more responsibility, but has had to content himself with a minor managerial post.
2️⃣#formal ➡️ to make someone feel happy and satisfied:
🔹I was no longer satisfied with the life that had hitherto contented me.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
1️⃣content yourself with (doing) something ➡️ to do or have something that is not what you really wanted, but is still satisfactory:
🔹Mr Lal has been asking for more responsibility, but has had to content himself with a minor managerial post.
2️⃣#formal ➡️ to make someone feel happy and satisfied:
🔹I was no longer satisfied with the life that had hitherto contented me.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Content /ˈkɒntent $ ˈkɑːn-/ #verb [transitive] 1️⃣content yourself with (doing) something ➡️ to do or have something that is not what you really wanted, but is still satisfactory: 🔹Mr Lal has been asking for more responsibility, but has had to content…
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️satisfied ➡️ feeling that something is as good as it should be, or that something has happened in the way that you want:
✨The teacher is satisfied with his progress.
✨another satisfied customer
⚪️happy [not before noun] ➡️ satisfied. Happy is very commonly used instead of satisfied in #everyday_English:
✨The boss seems happy with my work.
✨I’m happy to work part-time until the kids are older.
⚪️pleased [not before noun] ➡️ very satisfied:
✨I’m pleased with the results.
✨He came out looking pleased with himself.
⚪️content [not before noun] ➡️ satisfied with what you are doing, so that you do not want to change anything:
✨She seemed content to just sit and watch the others.
✨Sam was quite content with his life on the farm.
⚪️fulfilled [not usually before noun] ➡️ feeling that you have achieved enough in your life, and that you do not need things that are more interesting, important, or useful:
✨I enjoy being a mother, but to feel fulfilled I need to work too.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
⚪️satisfied ➡️ feeling that something is as good as it should be, or that something has happened in the way that you want:
✨The teacher is satisfied with his progress.
✨another satisfied customer
⚪️happy [not before noun] ➡️ satisfied. Happy is very commonly used instead of satisfied in #everyday_English:
✨The boss seems happy with my work.
✨I’m happy to work part-time until the kids are older.
⚪️pleased [not before noun] ➡️ very satisfied:
✨I’m pleased with the results.
✨He came out looking pleased with himself.
⚪️content [not before noun] ➡️ satisfied with what you are doing, so that you do not want to change anything:
✨She seemed content to just sit and watch the others.
✨Sam was quite content with his life on the farm.
⚪️fulfilled [not usually before noun] ➡️ feeling that you have achieved enough in your life, and that you do not need things that are more interesting, important, or useful:
✨I enjoy being a mother, but to feel fulfilled I need to work too.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
✨PAST verb form with PRESENT or FUTURE meaning✨
A past tense does not always have a past meaning. In some kinds of sentence we can use verbs like I had, you went or I was wondering to talk about the present or future.
1️⃣ after conjunctions, instead of would: “If I paid now...”
✨In most subordinate clauses (e.g. after if, supposing, wherever, what), we use past tenses (and not would . . .) to express ‘unreal’ or conditional ideas.
🔹If I had the money now I'd buy a car.
🔹If you caught the ten o'clock train tomorrow, you would be in Edinburgh by supper-time, unless the train was delayed, of course.
🔹Supposing we didn’t go abroad next year?
🔹Would you follow me wherever I went?
🔹In a perfect world, you would be able to say exactly what you thought.
🔹Ten o'clock - it’s time (that) you went home.
🔹Don’t come and see me today - I'd rather (that) you came tomorrow.
🔹I wish (that) I had a better memory.
2️⃣ distancing in questions, requests, etc: “I wondered if...”
✨We can make questions, requests and offers less direct (and so more polite) by using past tenses.
Common formulas are I wondered, I thought, I hoped, did you want.
🔹I wondered if you were free this evening.
🔹I thought you might like some flowers.
🔹Did you want cream with your coffee, sir?
✨Past progressive forms (was thinking/wondering/hoping, etc) make sentences even less direct.
🔹I was thinking about that idea of yours.
🔹I was hoping we could have dinner together.
3️⃣ 'past' modals: could, might, would, should
✨The ‘PAST’ modal forms could, might, would and should usually have present or future reference; they are used as less direct, ‘distanced’ forms of can, may, will and shall.
🔹Could you help me for a moment?
🔹Would you come this way, please?
🔹I think it might rain soon.
🔹Alice should be here soon.
4️⃣ past focus on continuing situations: “It was such a nice place”
✨If we are talking about the past, we often use past tenses even for things which are still true and situations which still exist.
🔹Are you deaf? I asked how old you were.
🔹I’m sorry we left Liverpool. It was such a nice place.
🔹Do you remember that nice couple we met in Greece? They were German, weren't they?
🔹I got this job because I was a good driver.
🔹James applied to join the police last week, but he wasn’t tall enough.
🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁
📗Reference:Practical English Usage
🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁
#Grammar
@PMPerfect1
A past tense does not always have a past meaning. In some kinds of sentence we can use verbs like I had, you went or I was wondering to talk about the present or future.
1️⃣ after conjunctions, instead of would: “If I paid now...”
✨In most subordinate clauses (e.g. after if, supposing, wherever, what), we use past tenses (and not would . . .) to express ‘unreal’ or conditional ideas.
🔹If I had the money now I'd buy a car.
🔹If you caught the ten o'clock train tomorrow, you would be in Edinburgh by supper-time, unless the train was delayed, of course.
🔹Supposing we didn’t go abroad next year?
🔹Would you follow me wherever I went?
🔹In a perfect world, you would be able to say exactly what you thought.
🔹Ten o'clock - it’s time (that) you went home.
🔹Don’t come and see me today - I'd rather (that) you came tomorrow.
🔹I wish (that) I had a better memory.
2️⃣ distancing in questions, requests, etc: “I wondered if...”
✨We can make questions, requests and offers less direct (and so more polite) by using past tenses.
Common formulas are I wondered, I thought, I hoped, did you want.
🔹I wondered if you were free this evening.
🔹I thought you might like some flowers.
🔹Did you want cream with your coffee, sir?
✨Past progressive forms (was thinking/wondering/hoping, etc) make sentences even less direct.
🔹I was thinking about that idea of yours.
🔹I was hoping we could have dinner together.
3️⃣ 'past' modals: could, might, would, should
✨The ‘PAST’ modal forms could, might, would and should usually have present or future reference; they are used as less direct, ‘distanced’ forms of can, may, will and shall.
🔹Could you help me for a moment?
🔹Would you come this way, please?
🔹I think it might rain soon.
🔹Alice should be here soon.
4️⃣ past focus on continuing situations: “It was such a nice place”
✨If we are talking about the past, we often use past tenses even for things which are still true and situations which still exist.
🔹Are you deaf? I asked how old you were.
🔹I’m sorry we left Liverpool. It was such a nice place.
🔹Do you remember that nice couple we met in Greece? They were German, weren't they?
🔹I got this job because I was a good driver.
🔹James applied to join the police last week, but he wasn’t tall enough.
🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁
📗Reference:Practical English Usage
🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁✨🍁
#Grammar
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#Expect /ɪkˈspekt/
💢expect to do something
🔹I expect to be back within a week.
🔹The company expects to complete work in April.
💢expect somebody / something to do something
🔹Emergency repairs were expected to take three weeks.
🔹I didn’t expect him to stay so long.
💢expect (that)
🔹There’s the doorbell – I expect it’ll be my mother.
🔹He will be hard to beat. I fully expect (=am completely sure about) that and I’m ready.
🔹‘Who are you?’ he murmured, only half expecting (=thinking it was possible, but not likely) her to answer.
🔹He didn’t get his expected pay rise.
💢as expected (=in the way that was planned or thought likely to happen)
🔹As expected, the whole family was shocked by the news.
💢something is (only) to be expected (=used to say that you are not surprised by something, especially something unpleasant)
🔹A little nervousness is only to be expected when you are starting a new job.
💢DEMAND ➡️ to demand that someone does something because it is a duty or seems reasonable
💢expect something from somebody
🔹The officer expects complete obedience from his troops.
💢expect somebody to do something
🔹I can’t expect her to be on time if I’m late myself.
💢expect a lot of somebody / expect too much of somebody (=think someone can do more than may be possible)
🔹The school expects a lot of its students.
💢THINK SOMEBODY/SOMETHING WILL ARRIVE ➡️ to believe that someone or something is going to arrive:
🔹We’re expecting Alison home any minute now.
🔹Snow is expected by the weekend.
🔹an expected crowd of 80,000 people
💢THINK ➡️ to think that you will find that someone or something has a particular quality or does a particular thing:
🔹I expected her to be taller than me, not shorter.
💢be expecting (a baby) ➡️ if a woman is expecting, she is going to have a baby
💢what can / do you expect? #spoken ➡️ used to say that you are not surprised by something unpleasant or disappointing:
🔹He was late, but what do you expect?
💢how do / can you expect ...? #spoken ➡️ used to say that it is unreasonable to think that something will happen or be true:
🔹If I can’t help her, how can you expect to?
💢I expect #British_English #spoken ➡️ used to introduce or agree with a statement that you think is probably true:
🔹I expect you’re right.
🔹‘Do you think they’re going to attack?’ ‘I expect so.’
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
💢expect to do something
🔹I expect to be back within a week.
🔹The company expects to complete work in April.
💢expect somebody / something to do something
🔹Emergency repairs were expected to take three weeks.
🔹I didn’t expect him to stay so long.
💢expect (that)
🔹There’s the doorbell – I expect it’ll be my mother.
🔹He will be hard to beat. I fully expect (=am completely sure about) that and I’m ready.
🔹‘Who are you?’ he murmured, only half expecting (=thinking it was possible, but not likely) her to answer.
🔹He didn’t get his expected pay rise.
💢as expected (=in the way that was planned or thought likely to happen)
🔹As expected, the whole family was shocked by the news.
💢something is (only) to be expected (=used to say that you are not surprised by something, especially something unpleasant)
🔹A little nervousness is only to be expected when you are starting a new job.
💢DEMAND ➡️ to demand that someone does something because it is a duty or seems reasonable
💢expect something from somebody
🔹The officer expects complete obedience from his troops.
💢expect somebody to do something
🔹I can’t expect her to be on time if I’m late myself.
💢expect a lot of somebody / expect too much of somebody (=think someone can do more than may be possible)
🔹The school expects a lot of its students.
💢THINK SOMEBODY/SOMETHING WILL ARRIVE ➡️ to believe that someone or something is going to arrive:
🔹We’re expecting Alison home any minute now.
🔹Snow is expected by the weekend.
🔹an expected crowd of 80,000 people
💢THINK ➡️ to think that you will find that someone or something has a particular quality or does a particular thing:
🔹I expected her to be taller than me, not shorter.
💢be expecting (a baby) ➡️ if a woman is expecting, she is going to have a baby
💢what can / do you expect? #spoken ➡️ used to say that you are not surprised by something unpleasant or disappointing:
🔹He was late, but what do you expect?
💢how do / can you expect ...? #spoken ➡️ used to say that it is unreasonable to think that something will happen or be true:
🔹If I can’t help her, how can you expect to?
💢I expect #British_English #spoken ➡️ used to introduce or agree with a statement that you think is probably true:
🔹I expect you’re right.
🔹‘Do you think they’re going to attack?’ ‘I expect so.’
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
🔉CRANK UP (separable phrasal verb)
= to increase the power or volume.
🔹I love this song. I'm going to crank it up because it sounds much better when it is loud.
#Phrasal_verb
@PMPerfect1
= to increase the power or volume.
🔹I love this song. I'm going to crank it up because it sounds much better when it is loud.
#Phrasal_verb
@PMPerfect1
📕SHRUG /ʃrʌɡ/ BrE AmE #verb
[intransitive and transitive]
• past tense and past participle: shrugged
• present participle: shrugging
= to raise and then lower your shoulders in order to show that you do not know something or do not care about something:
🔹I just shrugged my shoulders and ignored him.
🔹Melanie shrugged and walked away.
🔺shrug something off #phrasal verb
= to treat something as unimportant and not worry about it:
🔹We can’t just shrug these objections off.
📗SHRUG BrE AmE #noun [countable]
[usually singular] = a movement of your shoulders upwards and then downwards again that you make to show that you do not know something or do not care about something:
🔘with a shrug
🔹‘Suit yourself,’ he said with a shrug.
#Vocabulary
@PMPerfect1
[intransitive and transitive]
• past tense and past participle: shrugged
• present participle: shrugging
= to raise and then lower your shoulders in order to show that you do not know something or do not care about something:
🔹I just shrugged my shoulders and ignored him.
🔹Melanie shrugged and walked away.
🔺shrug something off #phrasal verb
= to treat something as unimportant and not worry about it:
🔹We can’t just shrug these objections off.
📗SHRUG BrE AmE #noun [countable]
[usually singular] = a movement of your shoulders upwards and then downwards again that you make to show that you do not know something or do not care about something:
🔘with a shrug
🔹‘Suit yourself,’ he said with a shrug.
#Vocabulary
@PMPerfect1
🤦🏻♀️ FACEPALM (v,n)
🔹 Seth facepalmed. “Ian, I can't believe you just did that.” (v)
🔹She always does a facepalm when her mother starts asking about her grades. (n)
#Slang
@PMPerfect1
🔹 Seth facepalmed. “Ian, I can't believe you just did that.” (v)
🔹She always does a facepalm when her mother starts asking about her grades. (n)
#Slang
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#Frequently /ˈfriːkwəntli/
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️often ➡️ used when saying that something happens many times:
✨Gary was often bad-tempered in the morning.
✨We often meet up for a drink after work.
⚪️a lot #informal ➡️ often:
✨I think she likes him – she talks about him a lot.
✨His wife goes abroad on business a lot.
⚪️frequently especially #written ➡️ often – used especially in writing or more formal English:
✨Passengers complain that trains are frequently late.
✨Older patients frequently forget to take their medicine.
⚪️regularly ➡️ often, especially at regular intervals:
✨Buses run regularly every ten minutes.
⚪️again and again ➡️ used to emphasize that someone does something many times, or the same thing happens many times:
✨She told herself again and again that everything would be all right.
✨Gunfire rang out across the city again and again.
⚪️repeatedly especially #written ➡️ used to emphasize that someone does something many times:
✨His doctor had repeatedly warned him not to work so hard.
⚪️constantly / continually ➡️ often over a long period of time – used especially about something that is annoying or causes problems:
✨They seem to be continually arguing.
✨It’s hard to keep up with technology when it’s constantly changing.
⚪️time and time again ➡️ many times – used when this is annoying or does not have any effect:
✨He forgets his keys time and time again.
✨I tell students time and time again to keep careful notes.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️often ➡️ used when saying that something happens many times:
✨Gary was often bad-tempered in the morning.
✨We often meet up for a drink after work.
⚪️a lot #informal ➡️ often:
✨I think she likes him – she talks about him a lot.
✨His wife goes abroad on business a lot.
⚪️frequently especially #written ➡️ often – used especially in writing or more formal English:
✨Passengers complain that trains are frequently late.
✨Older patients frequently forget to take their medicine.
⚪️regularly ➡️ often, especially at regular intervals:
✨Buses run regularly every ten minutes.
⚪️again and again ➡️ used to emphasize that someone does something many times, or the same thing happens many times:
✨She told herself again and again that everything would be all right.
✨Gunfire rang out across the city again and again.
⚪️repeatedly especially #written ➡️ used to emphasize that someone does something many times:
✨His doctor had repeatedly warned him not to work so hard.
⚪️constantly / continually ➡️ often over a long period of time – used especially about something that is annoying or causes problems:
✨They seem to be continually arguing.
✨It’s hard to keep up with technology when it’s constantly changing.
⚪️time and time again ➡️ many times – used when this is annoying or does not have any effect:
✨He forgets his keys time and time again.
✨I tell students time and time again to keep careful notes.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#Habit /ˈhæbət, ˈhæbɪt/ #noun
💢by / from / out of habit (=because this is what you usually do in this situation)
🔹I did it out of habit.
💢DRUGS [countable] ➡️ a strong physical need to keep taking a drug regularly:
🔹A lot of drug addicts get into petty crime to support their habit.
💢heroin / cocaine etc habit
🔹His cocaine habit ruined him physically and financially.
💢not make a habit of (doing) something #spoken ➡️ used to say that someone does not usually do something bad or wrong, or should not do it again:
🔹You’re ten minutes late. I hope you’re not going to make a habit of this.
💢I’m not in the habit of doing something #spoken ➡️ used when you are annoyed, to say that you would not do something:
🔹I’m not in the habit of lying to my friends.
💢have a habit of doing something ➡️ if something has a habit of doing something, it usually or often does it – used humorously:
🔹Life has a habit of springing surprises.
💢old habits die hard ➡️ used to say that it is difficult to make people change their attitudes or behaviour:
🔹She knew it probably wasn’t necessary any more, but old habits die hard.
💢habit of thought/mind ➡️ the way someone usually thinks about something, or their usual attitudes
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
💢by / from / out of habit (=because this is what you usually do in this situation)
🔹I did it out of habit.
💢DRUGS [countable] ➡️ a strong physical need to keep taking a drug regularly:
🔹A lot of drug addicts get into petty crime to support their habit.
💢heroin / cocaine etc habit
🔹His cocaine habit ruined him physically and financially.
💢not make a habit of (doing) something #spoken ➡️ used to say that someone does not usually do something bad or wrong, or should not do it again:
🔹You’re ten minutes late. I hope you’re not going to make a habit of this.
💢I’m not in the habit of doing something #spoken ➡️ used when you are annoyed, to say that you would not do something:
🔹I’m not in the habit of lying to my friends.
💢have a habit of doing something ➡️ if something has a habit of doing something, it usually or often does it – used humorously:
🔹Life has a habit of springing surprises.
💢old habits die hard ➡️ used to say that it is difficult to make people change their attitudes or behaviour:
🔹She knew it probably wasn’t necessary any more, but old habits die hard.
💢habit of thought/mind ➡️ the way someone usually thinks about something, or their usual attitudes
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Habit /ˈhæbət, ˈhæbɪt/ #noun 💢by / from / out of habit (=because this is what you usually do in this situation) 🔹I did it out of habit. 💢DRUGS [countable] ➡️ a strong physical need to keep taking a drug regularly: 🔹A lot of drug addicts get into…
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️habit ➡️ something you do regularly, often without thinking about it:
✨Biting your nails is a bad habit.
✨I always go to the same supermarket, out of habit.
⚪️mannerism ➡️ a way of speaking or a small movement of your face or body that is part of your usual behaviour:
✨Even her mannerisms are the same as her sister’s.
⚪️custom ➡️ something that people in a particular society do because it is traditional or the accepted thing to do:
✨In Japan it is the custom to take off your shoes when you enter a house.
⚪️tradition ➡️ a belief, custom, or way of doing something that has existed for a long time:
✨The tradition of giving Easter eggs goes back hundreds of years.
✨In many countries, it’s a tradition for the bride to wear white.
✨It was a family tradition to go for a walk on Christmas Day.
⚪️practice ➡️ something that people often do, especially as part of their work or daily life:
✨The hotel has ended the practice of leaving chocolates in guests’ rooms.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
⚪️habit ➡️ something you do regularly, often without thinking about it:
✨Biting your nails is a bad habit.
✨I always go to the same supermarket, out of habit.
⚪️mannerism ➡️ a way of speaking or a small movement of your face or body that is part of your usual behaviour:
✨Even her mannerisms are the same as her sister’s.
⚪️custom ➡️ something that people in a particular society do because it is traditional or the accepted thing to do:
✨In Japan it is the custom to take off your shoes when you enter a house.
⚪️tradition ➡️ a belief, custom, or way of doing something that has existed for a long time:
✨The tradition of giving Easter eggs goes back hundreds of years.
✨In many countries, it’s a tradition for the bride to wear white.
✨It was a family tradition to go for a walk on Christmas Day.
⚪️practice ➡️ something that people often do, especially as part of their work or daily life:
✨The hotel has ended the practice of leaving chocolates in guests’ rooms.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
According TO 🆚 According BY
⭕️ It's 4.30 according to/by the station clock.
(= as shown by; both possible when referring to clocks and watches)⌚️
⭕️ According to many scientists, the level of the oceans is rising. (Not *By*)
(= as stated by other people)👥
#prepositions
@PMPerfect1
⭕️ It's 4.30 according to/by the station clock.
(= as shown by; both possible when referring to clocks and watches)⌚️
⭕️ According to many scientists, the level of the oceans is rising. (Not *By*)
(= as stated by other people)👥
#prepositions
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#Issue /ˈɪʃuː, ˈɪsjuː $ ˈɪʃuː/ #noun
💢issue of
🔹the January issue of Newsweek
💢the current / latest issue
🔹Have you seen the latest issue?
💢take issue with somebody / something ➡️ to disagree or argue with someone about something:
🔹It is difficult to take issue with his analysis.
💢take issue with somebody over something
🔹I must take issue with you over what you said yesterday.
💢make an issue (out) of something ➡️ to argue about something, especially in a way that annoys other people because they do not think it is important:
🔹I was upset by Eleanor’s remarks, but didn’t make an issue of it.
💢have issues (with somebody / something) #informal
🅰️to have problems dealing with something because of something that happened in the past:
🔹There’s a self-help group for people who have issues with money.
🅱️if you have issues with someone or something, you do not agree with or approve of them:
🔹I have a few issues with Marc.
💢at issue #formal ➡️ the problem or subject at issue is the most important part of what you are discussing or considering:
🔹At issue here is the extent to which exam results reflect a student’s ability.
💢ACT OF GIVING SOMETHING [singular] ➡️ the act of officially giving people something to use:
🔹the issue of identity cards to all non-residents
💢SET OF THINGS FOR SALE [countable] ➡️ a new set of something such as shares or stamps, made available for people to buy:
🔹We launched the share issue on March 1.
🔹a new issue of bonds
💢die without issue #old_use ➡️ to die without having any children
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
💢issue of
🔹the January issue of Newsweek
💢the current / latest issue
🔹Have you seen the latest issue?
💢take issue with somebody / something ➡️ to disagree or argue with someone about something:
🔹It is difficult to take issue with his analysis.
💢take issue with somebody over something
🔹I must take issue with you over what you said yesterday.
💢make an issue (out) of something ➡️ to argue about something, especially in a way that annoys other people because they do not think it is important:
🔹I was upset by Eleanor’s remarks, but didn’t make an issue of it.
💢have issues (with somebody / something) #informal
🅰️to have problems dealing with something because of something that happened in the past:
🔹There’s a self-help group for people who have issues with money.
🅱️if you have issues with someone or something, you do not agree with or approve of them:
🔹I have a few issues with Marc.
💢at issue #formal ➡️ the problem or subject at issue is the most important part of what you are discussing or considering:
🔹At issue here is the extent to which exam results reflect a student’s ability.
💢ACT OF GIVING SOMETHING [singular] ➡️ the act of officially giving people something to use:
🔹the issue of identity cards to all non-residents
💢SET OF THINGS FOR SALE [countable] ➡️ a new set of something such as shares or stamps, made available for people to buy:
🔹We launched the share issue on March 1.
🔹a new issue of bonds
💢die without issue #old_use ➡️ to die without having any children
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Issue /ˈɪʃuː, ˈɪsjuː $ ˈɪʃuː/ #noun 💢issue of 🔹the January issue of Newsweek 💢the current / latest issue 🔹Have you seen the latest issue? 💢take issue with somebody / something ➡️ to disagree or argue with someone about something: 🔹It is difficult…
#️⃣#Issue /ˈɪʃuː, ˈɪsjuː $ ˈɪʃuː/ #verb [transitive]
1️⃣to officially make a statement, give an order, warning etc:
🔹Silva issued a statement denying all knowledge of the affair.
🔹a warning issued by the Surgeon General
2️⃣if an organization or someone in an official position issues something such as documents or equipment, they give these things to people who need them
💢issue a passport / permit / visa etc
🔹The US State Department issues millions of passports each year.
💢issue somebody with something
🔹All the workers were issued with protective clothing.
💢issue something to somebody
🔹The policy document will be issued to all employees.
3️⃣to officially produce something such as new stamps, coins, or shares and make them available to buy
💢issue forth #phrasal_verb #literary
💢if something issues forth, it comes out of a place or thing
💢issue forth from
🔹A low grunt issued forth from his throat.
💢issue from something #phrasal_verb #literary
💢if something issues from a place or thing, it comes out of it:
🔹Smoke issued from the factory chimneys.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
1️⃣to officially make a statement, give an order, warning etc:
🔹Silva issued a statement denying all knowledge of the affair.
🔹a warning issued by the Surgeon General
2️⃣if an organization or someone in an official position issues something such as documents or equipment, they give these things to people who need them
💢issue a passport / permit / visa etc
🔹The US State Department issues millions of passports each year.
💢issue somebody with something
🔹All the workers were issued with protective clothing.
💢issue something to somebody
🔹The policy document will be issued to all employees.
3️⃣to officially produce something such as new stamps, coins, or shares and make them available to buy
💢issue forth #phrasal_verb #literary
💢if something issues forth, it comes out of a place or thing
💢issue forth from
🔹A low grunt issued forth from his throat.
💢issue from something #phrasal_verb #literary
💢if something issues from a place or thing, it comes out of it:
🔹Smoke issued from the factory chimneys.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
🔹Essential American Idioms🔹
⭐️#ACCEPTANCE:
✨Eat one's words
▶️ to have to take back one's statements; to confess that one's predictions were wrong.
🔻You shouldn't say that to me. I'll make you eat your words.
🔻John was wrong about the election and had to eat his words.
✨Face the music
▶️ to receive punishment; to accept the unpleasant results of one's actions.
🔻Mary broke a dining-room window and had to face the music when her father got home.
🔻After failing a math test, Tom had to go home and face the music.
✨Feel at home
▶️ to feel as if one belongs; to feel as if one were in one's home; to feel accepted.
🔻I liked my dormitory room. I really felt at home there.
🔻We will do whatever we can to make you feel at home.
✨Go over big with someone
▶️ to be very much appreciated by someone.
🔻Your jokes did not exactly go over big with my parents.
🔻We hope that the musical will go over big with the audience.
✨Hold with something
▶️ to accept or agree with something. (#Folksy. Usually in the negative.)
🔻My father doesn't hold with fancy clothes.
🔻I don't hold with too many X rays.
✨Like it or lump it
▶️ either accept it or drop dead. (#Slang and fairly rude. Fixed order.)
🔻I don't care whether you care for my attitude or not. You can just like it or lump it.
🔻This is all thefood you get. Like it or lump it!
✨Resign oneself to something
▶️ to accept something reluctantly.
🔻I finally resigned myself to going to Mexico even though I didn't want to.
🔻Mary resigned herself to her fate.
✨Settle for something
▶️ to agree to accept something (even though something else would be better).
🔻We wanted are done, but settled for a blue one.
🔻Ask your grocer for Wilson's canned corn—the best corn in cans. Don't settle for less.
✨Take one's medicine
▶️ to accept the punishment or the bad fortune that one deserves.
🔻I know I did wrong, and I know I have to take my medicine.
🔻Billy knew he was going to get spanked, and he didn't want to take his medicine.
✨Take something at face value
▶️ to accept something exactly the way it appears to be.
🔻I don't know whether I can take her story at face value, but I will assume that she is not lying.
🔻The committee took the report at face value and approved the suggested changes.
✨Take something in stride
▶️ to accept something as natural or expected.
🔻The argument surprised him, but he took it in stride.
🔻It was a very rude remark, but Mary took it in stride.
✨Take something lying down
▶️ to endure something unpleasant without fighting back.
🔻He insulted me publicly. You don't expect me to take that lying down, do you?
🔻I'm not the kind of person who'll take something like that lying down.
✨Take the bitter with the sweet
▶️ to accept the bad things along with the good things.
🔻We all have disappointments. You have to learn to take the bitter with the sweet.
🔻There are good days and bad days, but every day you take the bitter with the sweet. That's life.
✨Turn thumbs up (on someone or something)
▶️ to accept someone or something; to approve someone or something.
🔻The board of directors turned thumbs up on my proposal and voted to fund the project.
🔻The committee turned thumbs up on Carl as the new manager.
🔻When the boss turned thumbs up, I knew everything was okay.
#Thematic_Dictionary
#Essential_American_Idioms
@PMPerfect1
⭐️#ACCEPTANCE:
✨Eat one's words
▶️ to have to take back one's statements; to confess that one's predictions were wrong.
🔻You shouldn't say that to me. I'll make you eat your words.
🔻John was wrong about the election and had to eat his words.
✨Face the music
▶️ to receive punishment; to accept the unpleasant results of one's actions.
🔻Mary broke a dining-room window and had to face the music when her father got home.
🔻After failing a math test, Tom had to go home and face the music.
✨Feel at home
▶️ to feel as if one belongs; to feel as if one were in one's home; to feel accepted.
🔻I liked my dormitory room. I really felt at home there.
🔻We will do whatever we can to make you feel at home.
✨Go over big with someone
▶️ to be very much appreciated by someone.
🔻Your jokes did not exactly go over big with my parents.
🔻We hope that the musical will go over big with the audience.
✨Hold with something
▶️ to accept or agree with something. (#Folksy. Usually in the negative.)
🔻My father doesn't hold with fancy clothes.
🔻I don't hold with too many X rays.
✨Like it or lump it
▶️ either accept it or drop dead. (#Slang and fairly rude. Fixed order.)
🔻I don't care whether you care for my attitude or not. You can just like it or lump it.
🔻This is all thefood you get. Like it or lump it!
✨Resign oneself to something
▶️ to accept something reluctantly.
🔻I finally resigned myself to going to Mexico even though I didn't want to.
🔻Mary resigned herself to her fate.
✨Settle for something
▶️ to agree to accept something (even though something else would be better).
🔻We wanted are done, but settled for a blue one.
🔻Ask your grocer for Wilson's canned corn—the best corn in cans. Don't settle for less.
✨Take one's medicine
▶️ to accept the punishment or the bad fortune that one deserves.
🔻I know I did wrong, and I know I have to take my medicine.
🔻Billy knew he was going to get spanked, and he didn't want to take his medicine.
✨Take something at face value
▶️ to accept something exactly the way it appears to be.
🔻I don't know whether I can take her story at face value, but I will assume that she is not lying.
🔻The committee took the report at face value and approved the suggested changes.
✨Take something in stride
▶️ to accept something as natural or expected.
🔻The argument surprised him, but he took it in stride.
🔻It was a very rude remark, but Mary took it in stride.
✨Take something lying down
▶️ to endure something unpleasant without fighting back.
🔻He insulted me publicly. You don't expect me to take that lying down, do you?
🔻I'm not the kind of person who'll take something like that lying down.
✨Take the bitter with the sweet
▶️ to accept the bad things along with the good things.
🔻We all have disappointments. You have to learn to take the bitter with the sweet.
🔻There are good days and bad days, but every day you take the bitter with the sweet. That's life.
✨Turn thumbs up (on someone or something)
▶️ to accept someone or something; to approve someone or something.
🔻The board of directors turned thumbs up on my proposal and voted to fund the project.
🔻The committee turned thumbs up on Carl as the new manager.
🔻When the boss turned thumbs up, I knew everything was okay.
#Thematic_Dictionary
#Essential_American_Idioms
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#None /nʌn/ #pronoun
💢none of
🔹Despite her illness, she had lost none of her enthusiasm for life.
🔹I know what people are saying – but none of it is true.
🔹None of my friends phones me any more.
💢none at all/none whatsoever
🔹‘Was there any mail?’ ‘No, none at all.’
💢will/would have none of something (also be having none of something) ➡️ used to say that someone refuses to allow someone to do something or to behave in a particular way:
🔹We offered to pay our half of the cost but Charles would have none of it.
💢none but somebody #literary ➡️ only a particular person or type of person:
🔹a task that none but a man of genius could accomplish
💢none other than somebody ➡️ used to emphasize that the person involved in something is famous, impressive, or surprising:
🔹The mystery guest turned out to be none other than Cher herself.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
💢none of
🔹Despite her illness, she had lost none of her enthusiasm for life.
🔹I know what people are saying – but none of it is true.
🔹None of my friends phones me any more.
💢none at all/none whatsoever
🔹‘Was there any mail?’ ‘No, none at all.’
💢will/would have none of something (also be having none of something) ➡️ used to say that someone refuses to allow someone to do something or to behave in a particular way:
🔹We offered to pay our half of the cost but Charles would have none of it.
💢none but somebody #literary ➡️ only a particular person or type of person:
🔹a task that none but a man of genius could accomplish
💢none other than somebody ➡️ used to emphasize that the person involved in something is famous, impressive, or surprising:
🔹The mystery guest turned out to be none other than Cher herself.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#None /nʌn/ #pronoun 💢none of 🔹Despite her illness, she had lost none of her enthusiasm for life. 🔹I know what people are saying – but none of it is true. 🔹None of my friends phones me any more. 💢none at all/none whatsoever 🔹‘Was there any mail?’…
#️⃣#None /nʌn/ #adverb
1️⃣none the worse/better etc (for something) ➡️ not any worse, better etc than before:
🔹She seems none the worse for her experience.
2️⃣none the wiser ➡️ not having any more understanding or knowledge about something than you had before:
🔹I was none the wiser after his explanation.
3️⃣none too ➡️ not at all:
🔹I was none too pleased to have to take the exam again.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
1️⃣none the worse/better etc (for something) ➡️ not any worse, better etc than before:
🔹She seems none the worse for her experience.
2️⃣none the wiser ➡️ not having any more understanding or knowledge about something than you had before:
🔹I was none the wiser after his explanation.
3️⃣none too ➡️ not at all:
🔹I was none too pleased to have to take the exam again.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1