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HFMD?

🦠 Cause
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is usually caused by Coxsackievirus A16 or Enterovirus 71.
It spreads through direct contact with saliva, nasal secretions, stool, or fluid from blisters.

👶 Common Age Group
Most cases occur in children under 5 years old.
However, older children and adults can also get infected.

🤒 Symptoms
Fever is usually the first symptom.
Painful mouth sores appear inside the cheeks, tongue, or gums.
A red rash or blisters develop on hands, feet, and sometimes buttocks.

📅 Incubation Period
Typically 3–6 days from exposure to symptoms.
This makes it contagious even before symptoms appear.

🤧 Transmission
Spreads easily in daycare centers and schools.
It can be transmitted via coughing, sneezing, or touching contaminated surfaces.

🩺 Diagnosis
Usually based on clinical examination of mouth ulcers and rash.
Lab tests are rarely needed.

💊 Treatment
There is no specific antiviral treatment.
Supportive care includes fluids, pain relief, and rest.
Topical oral anesthetics may help with mouth sore pain.

🚫 Prevention
Good hand hygiene is the most effective preventive measure.
Avoid sharing cups, utensils, or towels.
Disinfect frequently touched surfaces.

📉 Complications
Most cases are mild and self-limiting.
Rare complications include viral meningitis, encephalitis, or dehydration from painful swallowing.

🛡️ Prognosis
Symptoms usually resolve within 7–10 days.
Immunity develops to the infecting virus, but reinfection with another strain is possible.

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Influvac & Vaxigrip

💉 Type & Composition:
Both Influvac and Vaxigrip are inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVs).
They protect against two influenza A strains and two influenza B strains recommended by WHO each season.

🏭 Manufacturer:
Influvac is produced by Abbott.
Vaxigrip is made by Sanofi Pasteur.

🧬 Vaccine Technology:
Both use split-virus technology, where the virus is inactivated and split to reduce side effects.
They contain no live virus, so they cannot cause flu infection.

💊 Formulation & Presentation:
Influvac comes as a 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe.
Vaxigrip also comes as a 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe, but may have different needle attachment systems depending on market.

🧠 Immune Response:
Both generate strong antibody responses.
Some studies show slightly higher seroprotection rates with Vaxigrip in younger age groups.

💥 Side Effects:
Common side effects for both include pain, redness, or swelling at injection site, mild fever, and muscle aches.
They are generally well tolerated.

🌡️ Storage:
Both should be stored at 2–8°C and must not be frozen.

📅 Dosing Schedule:
For adults and children ≥9 years: single annual dose.
For children 6 months–8 years (first-time vaccination): two doses, 4 weeks apart.

🛡️ Efficacy:
Efficacy depends on strain match with circulating viruses.
Both show similar protection levels in most comparative studies.

✅ Summary:
Both Influvac and Vaxigrip are safe, effective, and WHO-recommended flu vaccines.
Choice usually depends on availability, age indication, and local health authority preference.

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هل الـ Gluten له اضرار في الـ Cosmetics؟

🌾 Gluten in cosmetics refers to ingredients derived from wheat, barley, rye, or oats used in beauty and skincare products.

💄 It can be found in products like lipstick, lip gloss, foundation, lotion, shampoo, and conditioner.

🧴 Gluten is often added to cosmetics as a thickener, moisturizer, or to improve texture and elasticity.

⚠️ People with celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity may worry about exposure through the skin or mouth.

🚫 However, gluten cannot be absorbed through intact skin, so most topical products are safe for people with celiac disease.

👄 The main risk comes from lip products that might be accidentally ingested.

🔍 Common gluten-containing ingredients include hydrolyzed wheat protein, wheat germ oil, and barley extract.

✅ For those avoiding gluten completely, look for “gluten-free” labeled cosmetics or check ingredient lists carefully.

💬 Some brands offer certified gluten-free makeup lines for sensitive users.

🌿 Choosing gluten-free cosmetics can provide peace of mind for people managing gluten-related conditions.

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#غزة 🇵🇸

#quiz

#غزة 🇵🇸

#quiz

#غزة 🇵🇸

قال أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من قرأ سورة الكهف في يوم الجمعة، أضاء له من النور ما بين الجمعتين. رواه الحاكم والبيهقي وصححه الألباني.

قال الرسول ﷺ:
"إنَّ في الجُمُعَةِ لَساعَةً، لا يُوافِقُها مُسْلِمٌ، يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ فيها خَيْرًا، إلَّا أعْطاهُ إيَّاهُ"

﴿ إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ۚ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا﴾
[ الأحزاب: 56]

اللهم إنا نستودعك غزة وأهلها، اللَّهُم كُن لهم عونًا ومعينا، اللهم إنا لا نملك إلا اليسير، فيارب لا ترد لنا دعاء، ولا تخيب لنا رجاء وأنت أرحم الراحمين.

اللهم احفظ فلسطين وأهلها والسودان وأهلها، اللهم كن لأهلنا هناك عونا ومعينا، وللمسجد الاقصي حافظا وأمينا، اللهم إنا نستودعك غزة فأحفظها بحفظك يا خير الحافظين.

🚨 إعلانات التلجرام تظهر بشكل إجباري ولا يمكن إلغائها فضلاً عمل ريبورت لأي إعلان قد يظهر به شبهة حرمانية 🚨

ايه المقصود بحقنة الرئة 🫁 ؟

🌬️ What it is:
Betamethasone is a corticosteroid medication used to speed up lung development in unborn babies when there’s a risk of premature birth.

👶 Purpose:
It helps the baby’s lungs produce surfactant, a substance that keeps the air sacs open, reducing breathing problems after birth.

💉 Form & Dose:
Given as an intramuscular injection (ampoule) — usually two doses of 12 mg each, 24 hours apart.

⏰ Timing:
Most effective when given between 24 and 34 weeks of pregnancy, if early delivery is expected within 7 days.

🛡️ Benefits:
Reduces the risk of neonatal respiratory distress, brain bleeding, and intestinal complications in premature babies.

⚠️ Side Effects (short-term):
May cause temporary rise in blood sugar, fluid retention, or sleep changes in the mother.

❌ Not a labor inducer:
It does not trigger labor — it’s only to help the baby’s lungs mature in advance.

🧠 Other Uses:
Betamethasone can also be used (in other forms) to treat inflammation, allergic reactions, or autoimmune conditions, but that’s separate from its use as a “lung injection.”

#PDFology

#غزة 🇵🇸

#quiz

#غزة 🇵🇸

#quiz

#غزة 🇵🇸

قال أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من قرأ سورة الكهف في يوم الجمعة، أضاء له من النور ما بين الجمعتين. رواه الحاكم والبيهقي وصححه الألباني.

قال الرسول ﷺ:
"إنَّ في الجُمُعَةِ لَساعَةً، لا يُوافِقُها مُسْلِمٌ، يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ فيها خَيْرًا، إلَّا أعْطاهُ إيَّاهُ"

﴿ إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ۚ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا﴾
[ الأحزاب: 56]

اللهم إنا نستودعك غزة وأهلها، اللَّهُم كُن لهم عونًا ومعينا، اللهم إنا لا نملك إلا اليسير، فيارب لا ترد لنا دعاء، ولا تخيب لنا رجاء وأنت أرحم الراحمين.

اللهم احفظ فلسطين وأهلها والسودان وأهلها، اللهم كن لأهلنا هناك عونا ومعينا، وللمسجد الاقصي حافظا وأمينا، اللهم إنا نستودعك غزة فأحفظها بحفظك يا خير الحافظين.

🚨 إعلانات التلجرام تظهر بشكل إجباري ولا يمكن إلغائها فضلاً عمل ريبورت لأي إعلان قد يظهر به شبهة حرمانية 🚨

#quiz

#غزة 🇵🇸

#quiz

#غزة 🇵🇸