إيه الفرق بين Herpes zoster
و Herpes simplex؟

📍Site:

Herpes zoster (shingles):
Appears as a blistering rash along a nerve pathway, usually on one side of the body.

Herpes simplex:
Typically affects the mouth (HSV-1) or genitals (HSV-2). Imagine tiny fever blisters or genital sores.

🔁 Transmission:

Herpes zoster:
Not directly contagious.
It reactivates the dormant varicella zoster virus (VZV) you already have after chickenpox.

Herpes simplex:
Can spread through skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact.

🦠 Symptoms:

Herpes zoster:
Intense pain, burning, tingling, and itching along the affected nerve pathway. Blisters may develop later.

Herpes simplex:
Tingling, itching, and burning before small, fluid-filled blisters form. These usually heal within a week or two.

💊 Treatment:

Herpes zoster:
Antiviral medications like acyclovir or valacyclovir to shorten the outbreak and reduce pain.

Herpes simplex:
OTC pain relievers and topical creams to ease discomfort.
Antiviral medications can also shorten outbreaks.

📚 Reference ➡️ CDC

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المحاضرة الثالثة

Nephrology
K sparing diuretics

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⭐️ مجال الفريلانس بمهاراته الربحية للمجال الطبي

💻 الفريلانس
هو عبارة عن العمل والربح من الانترنت بأي مهارة ممكن تتخيلها.

🌎 وفيها بنتعامل مع ناس من جميع أنحاء العالم وطبعاً التعامل كله بالدولار.

💡 مثال عميل يطلب منك كتابة مقال طبي أو ترجمة طبية أو إدارة صفحة صيدلية وغيرها كتير.

🔥 الكورس الشامل بإذن الله بيبدأ معاك من البداية خالص للإحتراف.

📚 بيدخلك سوق العمل بالفعل ويفهمك كل خطوة فيه ويعرضلك مهارات عليها طلب كبير كفريلانسر.

📝 لتفاصيل أكتر ⬇️

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#️⃣ كود الخصم الخاص بمتابعينا على القناة والبيدج هو PDFology

قال أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من قرأ سورة الكهف في يوم الجمعة، أضاء له من النور ما بين الجمعتين. رواه الحاكم والبيهقي وصححه الألباني.

﴿ إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ۚ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا﴾
[ الأحزاب: 56]

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Nephrology
The use of diuretics in the different edematous conditions

By Dr Maymounah
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Nephrology
Electrolyte & fluids replacement

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رسومات د عبدالمتعال فودة
المحاضرة الثانية
Nephrology
Loop diuretics & thiazides

By Dr Mezyd ALsammary

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Nephrology chapter
Lectures from 1️⃣ ➡️ 5️⃣

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Cardiology
Therapy of hypertension
Part 1: from molecular to clinical

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إيه المقصود
بالـExogenous ochronosis؟

📋 What is it?

Exogenous ochronosis is a rare skin condition characterized by blue-black or gray-blue pigmentation, usually on sun-exposed areas like the face, neck, and hands.

🗨️ What causes it?

The main culprit is long-term use of skin-lightening creams containing hydroquinone, though it can also be caused by other ochronotic agents like certain medications or ochronotic acid in topical ointments.

🩺 What are the symptoms?

Aside from the characteristic blue-black pigmentation, other symptoms may include:
* Skin thickening and hardening
* Itchy, dry, or scaly patches
* Pain or burning sensation

🥼 How is it diagnosed?

A doctor or dermatologist will likely diagnose ochronosis based on your medical history, physical examination, and possibly a biopsy of the affected skin.

💊 Is there a treatment?

Unfortunately, there's no cure for ochronosis.
Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing further pigmentation.
This might involve:
* Stopping the use of any hydroquinone or ochronotic agents
* Protecting your skin from the sun with sunscreen and sun-protective clothing
* Topical creams or ointments to improve skin hydration and reduce itching
* Laser treatments or other procedures to lighten the pigmentation (in severe cases)

📚 Reference ➡️ Mayo clinic

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قال أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من قرأ سورة الكهف في يوم الجمعة، أضاء له من النور ما بين الجمعتين. رواه الحاكم والبيهقي وصححه الألباني.

﴿ إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ۚ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا﴾
[ الأحزاب: 56]

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Cardiology
Therapy of hypertension
Part2: Ca channel blockers (CCBs)

By Dr Maymounah
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إيه المقصود بالـ
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome

📋 What is it?

Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is a rare condition where urine in a catheter bag turns purple.
It's not caused by the urine itself, but by bacteria in the catheter making pigments!

🤔 Who gets it?

Mostly people with long-term urinary catheters and frequent UTIs.
Often affects individuals with constipation or compromised immunity.

🦠 What causes it?

Bacteria break down tryptophan (an amino acid) into indoxyl sulfate.
Another enzyme in the bacteria turns indoxyl sulfate into indigo (blue) and indirubin (red), mixing into beautiful purple.

⚠️ Is it serious?

PUBS itself isn't harmful, but the underlying UTI needs treatment.
Untreated UTIs can lead to serious complications like kidney infections.

📚 Reference ➡️ Pubmed

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ليه moxifloxacin غير فعال فى UTI؟

⤵️ 1. Inadequate Urine Concentrations:

Effective antibiotics for UTIs need to reach high concentrations in the urine, where the bacteria causing the infection reside.
Unfortunately, Moxifloxacin doesn't achieve sufficiently high levels in the urine.
Studies show only about 20% of the drug is excreted unchanged in urine, compared to other UTI-approved antibiotics which can reach 40% or more.
This low concentration in the target site translates to poor bacterial eradication and potentially ineffective treatment.

📋 2. Lack of FDA Approval:

Recognizing the insufficient urine concentrations, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved Moxifloxacin for the treatment of UTIs.
This means using it for UTIs goes against official recommendations and guidelines set by regulatory authorities.

✅ 3. Availability of Safer and More Effective Alternatives:

Fortunately, several other antibiotics are highly effective for UTIs and achieve significant urine concentrations.
Examples include nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and cephalexin.
These alternatives not only have better bacterial clearance rates but also carry a lower risk of side effects compared to Moxifloxacin.

🦠 4. Potential for Antibiotic Resistance:

Using broad-spectrum antibiotics like Moxifloxacin for infections for which they're not intended, like UTIs, can contribute to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance.
This resistance makes it harder to treat future infections with this class of antibiotics, putting a strain on public health.

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اعتباراً من الخميس 2024/1/18 إلى الاربعاء 2024/1/31

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Cardiology
Therapy of hypertension
Part3: ACEIs

By Dr Maymounah
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