INS Kolkata was recently in the news after it was involved in a maritime collision with Pakistan Navy vessel PNS Hunain in the North Arabian Sea on 15 September 2026. India and Pakistan have given different accounts of the incident.
Important for UPSC: Defence → Indian Navy → Project 15A → Guided-Missile Destroyer → Maritime Security → Arabian Sea → India–Pakistan Maritime Relations
Important for UPSC: Defence → Indian Navy → Project 15A → Guided-Missile Destroyer → Maritime Security → Arabian Sea → India–Pakistan Maritime Relations
India has rejected the Pakistan–China Boundary Joint Commission, operationalised in September 2026, calling it without legal basis.
Important for UPSC: International Relations → India–China → India–Pakistan → J&K & Ladakh → Shaksgam Valley → Karakoram → CPEC → Territorial Disputes.
Important for UPSC: International Relations → India–China → India–Pakistan → J&K & Ladakh → Shaksgam Valley → Karakoram → CPEC → Territorial Disputes.
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Multiple roles. One bigger mission.
Come be a part of our journey!
We’re expanding our team and looking for talented and passionate individuals across multiple roles.
If you’re looking for an opportunity to learn, grow, collaborate and make an impact, we’d love to hear from you!
For queries: hr@officersiasacademy.com
Multiple roles. One bigger mission.
Come be a part of our journey!
Mouling National Park was notified on 30 December 1986 and is the second national park of Arunachal Pradesh, after Namdapha National Park.
Important for UPSC: Environment & Ecology → National Parks → Arunachal Pradesh → Eastern Himalayas → Siang River → Dihang-Dibang Biosphere Reserve → Biodiversity
Important for UPSC: Environment & Ecology → National Parks → Arunachal Pradesh → Eastern Himalayas → Siang River → Dihang-Dibang Biosphere Reserve → Biodiversity
During a discussion on the constitutional provisions relating to the State Legislature, X stated that courts could examine the validity of proceedings in a State Legislature if procedural irregularities were alleged. Y disagreed, pointing out that Article 212 protects legislative proceedings from judicial scrutiny on the ground of procedural irregularity.
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Answer: (C)
Independence of the Judiciary – Incorrect: Article 212 does not deal with the independence of the judiciary; it restricts judicial interference in legislative proceedings on procedural grounds.
Separation of Powers — Incorrect: Although Article 212 reflects the separation of powers, its primary purpose is to protect the internal proceedings of the State Legislature.
Legislative Autonomy — Correct: Article 212 protects the validity of State Legislature proceedings from being questioned in court merely on the ground of procedural irregularity.
Parliamentary Supremacy — Incorrect: India follows constitutional supremacy, not absolute parliamentary supremacy. Article 212 concerns State Legislatures, not Parliament.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
Independence of the Judiciary – Incorrect: Article 212 does not deal with the independence of the judiciary; it restricts judicial interference in legislative proceedings on procedural grounds.
Separation of Powers — Incorrect: Although Article 212 reflects the separation of powers, its primary purpose is to protect the internal proceedings of the State Legislature.
Legislative Autonomy — Correct: Article 212 protects the validity of State Legislature proceedings from being questioned in court merely on the ground of procedural irregularity.
Parliamentary Supremacy — Incorrect: India follows constitutional supremacy, not absolute parliamentary supremacy. Article 212 concerns State Legislatures, not Parliament.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
Consider the following statements with reference to the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) :
1. It is fully funded by the Central Government and provides health insurance coverage to all citizens of India regardless of their income or social status.
2. The beneficiary families under the scheme are identified based on the deprivation and occupational criteria of the Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC).
3. The National Health Authority (NHA) is the apex body responsible for implementing the scheme at the national level.
1. It is fully funded by the Central Government and provides health insurance coverage to all citizens of India regardless of their income or social status.
2. The beneficiary families under the scheme are identified based on the deprivation and occupational criteria of the Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC).
3. The National Health Authority (NHA) is the apex body responsible for implementing the scheme at the national level.
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Answer: (C)
Statement 1 is incorrect: The scheme is not for all citizens regardless of income or social status. It is co-funded by the Centre and States (typically on a 60:40 ratio for most states) and specifically targets the bottom 40% (vulnerable and low-income families) based on socioeconomic criteria, rather than universal coverage.
Statement 2 is correct: Beneficiary families under the scheme are indeed identified based on specific deprivation and occupational criteria derived from the Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC) database.
Statement 3 is correct: The National Health Authority (NHA) is the apex decision-making and implementing agency responsible for the nationwide rollout of the scheme.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
Statement 1 is incorrect: The scheme is not for all citizens regardless of income or social status. It is co-funded by the Centre and States (typically on a 60:40 ratio for most states) and specifically targets the bottom 40% (vulnerable and low-income families) based on socioeconomic criteria, rather than universal coverage.
Statement 2 is correct: Beneficiary families under the scheme are indeed identified based on specific deprivation and occupational criteria derived from the Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC) database.
Statement 3 is correct: The National Health Authority (NHA) is the apex decision-making and implementing agency responsible for the nationwide rollout of the scheme.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
Consider the following statements regarding "Bharat Taxi":
1. It has been launched and overseen under the control of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways.
2. It operates on a strict zero-commission model, allowing drivers to retain their full ride earnings.
3. It functions as a cooperative-led cab booking service where drivers serve as shareholders and co-owners.
1. It has been launched and overseen under the control of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways.
2. It operates on a strict zero-commission model, allowing drivers to retain their full ride earnings.
3. It functions as a cooperative-led cab booking service where drivers serve as shareholders and co-owners.
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Answer: (B)
Statement 1 is incorrect: Bharat Taxi does not operate under the control of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways; it is spearheaded and overseen by the Ministry of Cooperation to empower unorganized sector workers through cooperative structures.
Statement 2 is correct: It features a citizen-centric, zero-commission framework designed to secure better incomes for gig workers and drivers by removing high intermediary cut-offs typical of private aggregators.
Statement 3 is correct: It is structured under the "Saarthi Hi Maalik" (Driver as Owner) model as a cooperative-backed cab booking service, enabling drivers to become stakeholders and members of the cooperative.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Statement 1 is incorrect: Bharat Taxi does not operate under the control of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways; it is spearheaded and overseen by the Ministry of Cooperation to empower unorganized sector workers through cooperative structures.
Statement 2 is correct: It features a citizen-centric, zero-commission framework designed to secure better incomes for gig workers and drivers by removing high intermediary cut-offs typical of private aggregators.
Statement 3 is correct: It is structured under the "Saarthi Hi Maalik" (Driver as Owner) model as a cooperative-backed cab booking service, enabling drivers to become stakeholders and members of the cooperative.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Consider the following statements with reference to the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies
1. The Agreement was adopted at the 12th WTO Ministerial Conference held in Geneva in 2022.
2. The Agreement prohibits subsidies to vessels engaged in Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing.
3. India deposited its Instrument of Acceptance of the Agreement in July 2026
4. India's acceptance of the Agreement means that all subsidies provided to India's small-scale fishers are prohibited under the Agreement.
1. The Agreement was adopted at the 12th WTO Ministerial Conference held in Geneva in 2022.
2. The Agreement prohibits subsidies to vessels engaged in Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing.
3. India deposited its Instrument of Acceptance of the Agreement in July 2026
4. India's acceptance of the Agreement means that all subsidies provided to India's small-scale fishers are prohibited under the Agreement.