Consider the following statements:
1. A permanent bench of a High Court can be established at a place other than its principal seat.
2. The Governor is the final authority in matters relating to the establishment of a permanent High Court Bench.
3. The Constitution of India clearly defines the jurisdiction and powers of High Courts.
1. A permanent bench of a High Court can be established at a place other than its principal seat.
2. The Governor is the final authority in matters relating to the establishment of a permanent High Court Bench.
3. The Constitution of India clearly defines the jurisdiction and powers of High Courts.
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Answer: (D)
Statement 1: Correct. A permanent bench of a High Court can indeed be established at a place other than its principal seat (for example, Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court, or Dharwad Bench of the Karnataka High Court).
Statement 2: Incorrect. The President is the authority empowered to establish a permanent bench by notified order (after consulting the Governor of the State and the Chief Justice of the High Court), making the Governor not the final authority.
Statement 3: Incorrect. The Constitution of India does not explicitly and exhaustively define the precise jurisdiction and powers of every High Court in detail within its text; instead, Article 225 preserves their pre-constitutional powers and leaves their jurisdiction subject to laws made by the appropriate legislature or Parliament.
Therefore, Option D is the correct answer.
Statement 1: Correct. A permanent bench of a High Court can indeed be established at a place other than its principal seat (for example, Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court, or Dharwad Bench of the Karnataka High Court).
Statement 2: Incorrect. The President is the authority empowered to establish a permanent bench by notified order (after consulting the Governor of the State and the Chief Justice of the High Court), making the Governor not the final authority.
Statement 3: Incorrect. The Constitution of India does not explicitly and exhaustively define the precise jurisdiction and powers of every High Court in detail within its text; instead, Article 225 preserves their pre-constitutional powers and leaves their jurisdiction subject to laws made by the appropriate legislature or Parliament.
Therefore, Option D is the correct answer.
Consider the following statements regarding Gaganyaan Mission:
1. Gaganyaan aims to demonstrate India’s capability to conduct human spaceflight to
Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
2. The Crew Module provides a habitable environment for astronauts during the
mission.
3. The Integrated Air Drop Test (IADT) is conducted to test the Crew Escape System
during an emergency at the launch pad.
1. Gaganyaan aims to demonstrate India’s capability to conduct human spaceflight to
Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
2. The Crew Module provides a habitable environment for astronauts during the
mission.
3. The Integrated Air Drop Test (IADT) is conducted to test the Crew Escape System
during an emergency at the launch pad.
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Answer: (A)
Explanation:
● Statement 1 is Correct: Gaganyaan aims to demonstrate indigenous human-spaceflight capability to LEO.
● Statement 2 is Correct: The Crew Module is the habitable section designed to provide an Earth-like environment for the crew.
● Statement 3 is Incorrect: IADT tests the parachute-based deceleration system of the Crew Module. The Pad Abort Test (PAT) is associated with validating the Crew Escape System during a launch-pad emergency.
Explanation:
● Statement 1 is Correct: Gaganyaan aims to demonstrate indigenous human-spaceflight capability to LEO.
● Statement 2 is Correct: The Crew Module is the habitable section designed to provide an Earth-like environment for the crew.
● Statement 3 is Incorrect: IADT tests the parachute-based deceleration system of the Crew Module. The Pad Abort Test (PAT) is associated with validating the Crew Escape System during a launch-pad emergency.
Saddle Peak National Park is located on North Andaman Island in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It covers about 32.54 sq. km and is known for its rich terrestrial biodiversity.
Important for UPSC: Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Island Biodiversity, Endemic Species, Tropical Evergreen Forests, National Parks and Protected Areas.
Important for UPSC: Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Island Biodiversity, Endemic Species, Tropical Evergreen Forests, National Parks and Protected Areas.
Consider the following statements regarding the PM-SETU scheme:
1. It is a centrally sponsored scheme to modernize select Government ITIs using a Hub-and-Spoke model.
2. Upgraded ITI clusters are managed through Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) involving private industry partners.
3. It applies exclusively to the modernization of government-run ITIs and select NSTIs.
1. It is a centrally sponsored scheme to modernize select Government ITIs using a Hub-and-Spoke model.
2. Upgraded ITI clusters are managed through Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) involving private industry partners.
3. It applies exclusively to the modernization of government-run ITIs and select NSTIs.
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Answer: (B)
Statement 1 is correct: PM-SETU is a centrally sponsored scheme designed to modernize 1,000 Government ITIs using a Hub-and-Spoke model to better align training with industry requirements.
Statement 2 is correct: The governance model features Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) that partner with private industries to manage the upgraded ITI clusters effectively.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The scope of the scheme is not restricted solely to government ITIs; it also includes Component II, which focuses on upgrading select National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs) into sector-specific National Centres of Excellence.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.
Statement 1 is correct: PM-SETU is a centrally sponsored scheme designed to modernize 1,000 Government ITIs using a Hub-and-Spoke model to better align training with industry requirements.
Statement 2 is correct: The governance model features Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) that partner with private industries to manage the upgraded ITI clusters effectively.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The scope of the scheme is not restricted solely to government ITIs; it also includes Component II, which focuses on upgrading select National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs) into sector-specific National Centres of Excellence.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.
Consider the following statements with reference to the United Nations Security Council:
1. The Security Council was established under the Charter of the United Nations as one of its six principal organs.
2. Each member of the Security Council has one vote, and decisions on procedural matters require the affirmative vote of nine members.
3. A negative vote by any permanent member prevents the adoption of a substantive resolution.
1. The Security Council was established under the Charter of the United Nations as one of its six principal organs.
2. Each member of the Security Council has one vote, and decisions on procedural matters require the affirmative vote of nine members.
3. A negative vote by any permanent member prevents the adoption of a substantive resolution.
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Answer: (D)
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, established under the UN Charter. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
Each member of the Security Council has one vote. For procedural matters, an affirmative vote of at least nine members is required. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
For substantive matters, a negative vote by any of the five permanent members (P5) - China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States, can prevent adoption of a resolution, even if it receives the required affirmative votes from other members. This is the veto power. Hence, Statement 3 is correct.
Therefore, all three statements are correct. Hence, option D is the correct answer.
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, established under the UN Charter. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
Each member of the Security Council has one vote. For procedural matters, an affirmative vote of at least nine members is required. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
For substantive matters, a negative vote by any of the five permanent members (P5) - China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States, can prevent adoption of a resolution, even if it receives the required affirmative votes from other members. This is the veto power. Hence, Statement 3 is correct.
Therefore, all three statements are correct. Hence, option D is the correct answer.
With reference to the Integrated Fertilizer Management System (iFMS), consider the following statements:
1. It provides end-to-end visibility of fertilizer movement from production plants and ports to retail outlets.
2. Fertilizer subsidy under the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) model is released to manufacturers based on actual retail sales recorded through Point of Sale (PoS) devices.
1. It provides end-to-end visibility of fertilizer movement from production plants and ports to retail outlets.
2. Fertilizer subsidy under the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) model is released to manufacturers based on actual retail sales recorded through Point of Sale (PoS) devices.
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Answer: (C)
Statement 1 is correct: The Integrated Fertilizer Management System (iFMS), developed by the Department of Fertilizers, provides end-to-end digital tracking across the entire supply chain. It tracks production plants, imports at ports, movement by rail/road, stock availability at wholesalers/retailers, and final retail sales.
Statement 2 is correct: Under the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system in fertilizers, the subsidy is released directly to fertilizer manufacturing companies/importers only after actual retail sales to farmers are completed and captured through Point of Sale (PoS) devices installed at retail outlets.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
Statement 1 is correct: The Integrated Fertilizer Management System (iFMS), developed by the Department of Fertilizers, provides end-to-end digital tracking across the entire supply chain. It tracks production plants, imports at ports, movement by rail/road, stock availability at wholesalers/retailers, and final retail sales.
Statement 2 is correct: Under the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system in fertilizers, the subsidy is released directly to fertilizer manufacturing companies/importers only after actual retail sales to farmers are completed and captured through Point of Sale (PoS) devices installed at retail outlets.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
Born during the Indian national movement, he participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement, served in the Congress, and was elected to the United Provinces Legislative Assembly. He was imprisoned during the Quit India Movement. After independence, he served as a minister in Uttar Pradesh and later as Union Railway and Transport Minister, resigning after the Mahbubnagar railway accident. He subsequently held the portfolios of Industry and Home Affairs before becoming India’s second Prime Minister. His tenure witnessed the 1965 India–Pakistan War, the beginning of the Green Revolution, and the slogan “Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan.”
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Answer: (B)
Lal Bahadur Shastri was born on 2 October 1904 in Mughalsarai, Uttar Pradesh, in a modest family. After studying at Kashi Vidyapeeth, he joined the Servants of the People Society, founded by Lala Lajpat Rai. He actively participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) and Quit India Movement (1942), facing imprisonment several times. In 1937, he was elected to the United Provinces Legislative Assembly.
After Independence, Shastri served as a Minister in the Uttar Pradesh government and later held important Union portfolios. He was Railway and Transport Minister (1952–56), Minister of Commerce and Industry (1957–61) and Home Minister (1961–63). He resigned as Railway Minister following the 1956 Mahbubnagar railway accident, accepting moral responsibility.
Shastri became India’s second Prime Minister in 1964, succeeding Jawaharlal Nehru, and served until 11 January 1966. His tenure was marked by the 1965 India–Pakistan War and efforts to strengthen agricultural production, contributing to the foundations of the Green Revolution. His famous slogan “Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan” highlighted the importance of soldiers and farmers in national security and food security.
Lal Bahadur Shastri was born on 2 October 1904 in Mughalsarai, Uttar Pradesh, in a modest family. After studying at Kashi Vidyapeeth, he joined the Servants of the People Society, founded by Lala Lajpat Rai. He actively participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) and Quit India Movement (1942), facing imprisonment several times. In 1937, he was elected to the United Provinces Legislative Assembly.
After Independence, Shastri served as a Minister in the Uttar Pradesh government and later held important Union portfolios. He was Railway and Transport Minister (1952–56), Minister of Commerce and Industry (1957–61) and Home Minister (1961–63). He resigned as Railway Minister following the 1956 Mahbubnagar railway accident, accepting moral responsibility.
Shastri became India’s second Prime Minister in 1964, succeeding Jawaharlal Nehru, and served until 11 January 1966. His tenure was marked by the 1965 India–Pakistan War and efforts to strengthen agricultural production, contributing to the foundations of the Green Revolution. His famous slogan “Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan” highlighted the importance of soldiers and farmers in national security and food security.