Answer: (D)
The National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC) is a Government of India company set up in 2001 under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs. It is a Section 8 Company (not-for-profit) registered under the Companies Act. A statutory
body is created by a specific law passed by Parliament (like SEBI or NHRC); NSTFDC was created via executive action and registered as a company. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
While NSTFDC's ultimate goal is to provide financial assistance to ST individuals, it rarely does so directly. It operates as an Apex Institution. It provides concessional loans to State Channelizing Agencies (SCAs), Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), and Public Sector Banks, which then distribute the loans to the final beneficiaries. This "two-tier" structure is a standard feature of most national-level finance corporations. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Consider the following statements regarding Liquid Sodium.
1. Coolant in Fast Breeder Reactors
2. Heat transfer in Concentrated Solar Power
3. Reducing agent in Titanium extraction

Answer: (D)
It is the primary coolant in India’s Stage II (PFBR) nuclear program because it removes heat efficiently without slowing down neutrons. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
In solar "power towers," it is used to absorb and store thermal energy at high temperatures, improving the efficiency of electricity generation. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
It is used in the Hunter process to reduce titanium tetrachloride into pure titanium metal, which is vital for aerospace industries. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Answer: (B)
Semaglutide is a medication that mimics a natural hormone called Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1). It is frequently in the news because it has revolutionized the treatment of metabolic disorders.
How it works:
Appetite Control: It signals the brain to feel "full," reducing food cravings. Insulin Regulation: It prompts the pancreas to release insulin only when blood sugar levels are high.
Digestion: It slows down "gastric emptying," meaning food stays in the stomach longer, prolonging satiety.
Therefore option B is the correct answer.

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With reference to the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), consider the following statements:
1. It is a statutory body established under the RBI Act, 1934.
2. It was constituted based on the recommendations of the Urjit Patel Committee

Answer: (C)
The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is a statutory body of the Reserve Bank of India that is responsible for deciding the country’s monetary policy, especially the policy interest rate (repo rate) to control inflation. The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is a statutory body. It was given legal backing through an amendment to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Act, 1934, specifically under
Section 45ZB. This amendment was made by the Finance Act, 2016, to provide a legislative framework for the Flexible Inflation Targeting (FIT) regime. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
The shift from a single-person decision-making process (where the RBI Governor had the final word) to a committee-based approach was a key recommendation of the Urjit Patel Committee (the Expert Committee to Revise and Strengthen the Monetary Policy Framework), which submitted its report in 2014. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

With reference to Fugitive Economic Offender (FEO), consider the following statements
1. The total value involved in the offence is ₹100 crore or more.
2. Applications to declare someone an FEO are filed by the Director of the Central
Bureau of Investigation

Answer: (A)
To be declared a Fugitive Economic Offender (FEO) under the Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018, the individual must be involved in a scheduled offence where the total value is ₹100 crore or more. This high threshold was established to ensure that the law targets high-value economic criminals and "big-ticket" fraudsters who have a significant impact on the Indian economy. Hence statement 1 is correct.
The application to declare an individual as an FEO is filed by the Director of the Enforcement Directorate (ED), not the CBI. While the CBI may investigate the underlying criminal case (such as bank fraud), the specific legal process of declaring someone a "Fugitive Economic Offender" and seeking the confiscation of their properties falls under the jurisdiction of the ED. This application is submitted to a Special Court designated under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002. Hence statement 2 is Incorrect.
Therefore, Option A is the correct answer.

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Consider the following statements about the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA):
1. It was established to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy.
2. All countries joining the IAEA must sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
3. It is a specialized agency under the United Nations.

Answer: (C)
The IAEA was established in 1957 in response to the deep-seated fears and expectations generated by the discoveries and diverse uses of nuclear technology. Its dual objective is to promote the peaceful applications of nuclear energy and to ensure that nuclear energy is not used for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Membership in the IAEA is not contingent upon signing the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). Several countries that are members of the IAEA (such as India, Pakistan, and Israel) have not signed the NPT. While the IAEA administers "safeguards" required by the NPT, the two are distinct legal frameworks. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
While the IAEA is an independent international organization that reports to both the UN General Assembly and the Security Council, it is widely categorized as a specialized agency within the broader United Nations System due to its relationship agreement with the UN. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Consider the following statements about Telecom Regulatory Authority of India:
1. TRAI provides recommendations on spectrum allocation and telecom policy to the
government.
2. TRAI has the power to issue licenses to telecom service providers.

Answer: (A)
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India is a regulatory body that mainly advises and regulates the telecom sector in India. It provides recommendations to the Government of India on important policy matters such as spectrum allocation, pricing, and overall telecom policy framework. These recommendations help the government make decisions but are not binding. Hence statement 1 is correct.
TRAI does not have the authority to issue telecom licenses to service providers. The power to grant licenses lies with the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) under the Ministry of Communications. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

Consider the following statements regarding the Border Security Force (BSF):
1. It is under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
2. It protects the international borders with China, Pakistan and Bangladesh.