3. With reference to the National Green Hydrogen Mission, consider the following
statements.
1) The scheme aims to make India a global hub for export of green hydrogen.
2) The scheme also objectivizes building an enabling ecosystem to support scaling and
development.

4.. Consider the following:
1) Australia
2) China
3) Canada
4) Japan
5) Jordan

Answer: C
Explanation
About National Green Hydrogen Mission
● Launched in 2023, the National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to promote green
hydrogen in a bid to cut emissions and become a major exporter in the field.
● The overarching objective of the Mission is to make India the Global Hub for production,
usage and export of Green Hydrogen and its derivatives. Hence, statement 1 is
correct.
● The Mission will build capabilities to produce at least 5 Million Metric Tonne (MMT) of
Green Hydrogen per annum by 2030, with potential to reach 10 MMT per annum with
growth of export markets.
● The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy will be responsible for overall coordination
and implementation of the Mission.
Mission Components
● The Mission strategy accordingly comprises interventions for:
○ demand creation by making Green Hydrogen produced in India competitive for
exports and through domestic consumption.
○ addressing supply side constraints through an incentive framework, and
○ building an enabling ecosystem to support scaling and development. Hence,
statement 2 is correct.

Expected Benefits
● The targets by 2030 are likely to bring in over Rs. 8 lakh crore investments and create
over 6 lakh jobs.
● Nearly 50 MMT per annum of CO2 emissions are expected to be averted by 2030.
● This will contribute to India’s aim to become Aatmanirbhar (self-reliant) through clean
energy and achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2070.
Why in News?
● The Government of India has issued a call for proposals to establish Centres of Excellence
(CoEs) for Green Hydrogen research under the National Green Hydrogen Mission.
● These Centres of Excellence will serve as hubs of innovation, working to advance Green
Hydrogen technology, and address challenges in the field.

Answer: B
Explanation
About RCEP
● Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is a free trade agreement between
15 Asia-Pacific nations.

● The signatory countries include 10 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
members — Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam — and their five trade partners — Australia, China,
Japan, South Korea and New Zealand. Hence, answer is option B.
● RCEP entered into force in 2022.
● India was initially involved in the negotiations. However, India withdrew from the
negotiations in 2019 amid concerns that elimination of tariffs would open India’s markets to
imports, which in turn could harm local producers.
Why in News?
● Niti Aayog CEO BVR Subrahmanyam said that India should be a part of the Regional
Comprehensive Economic Partnership and Comprehensive and Progressive
Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership.

5. Consider the following:
1) The Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA)
2) The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA)
3) The Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018 (FEOA)

Answer: C
Explanation:
About Enforcement Directorate
● It was constituted in 1956 for handling Exchange Control Laws violations under the
Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA).
● At present, the administrative control of the Enforcement Directorate is with the
Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance.
● The ED today is a multi-disciplinary organization mandated with investigation of the
offense of money laundering and violations of foreign exchange laws.
Statutory Functions
● The statutory functions of the Directorate include enforcement of following Acts:
1. The Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA)
2. The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA)
3. The Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018 (FEOA)
4. Sponsoring agency under COFEPOSA. Hence, answer is option C.
Why in News?
● The Enforcement Directorate (ED) recently conducted extensive raids on Amazon and
Flipkart vendor locations in multiple cities across India. These searches were part of an
ongoing investigation under the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), prompted
by allegations of violating India's Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) regulations.

1. Which of the following closely describes ‘Geo engineering’?

2. Consider the following statements about Fluorescent Nanodiamonds.
1) They are made up of carbon nanoparticles.
2) They are produced in a process involving high temperature and high pressure.
3) They have applications in high-resolution imaging.

Answer: C
Explanation
What is Geo engineering?
● It refers to deliberate, large-scale intervention carried out in the Earth’s natural
systems to reverse the impacts of climate change. Hence, answer is option C.
● This involves techniques to physically manipulate the global climate to cool the planet.
● Geo engineering technologies mainly consist of Carbon Dioxide removal technologies and
Solar radiation management.

Answer: C
● Fluorescent Nanodiamonds (FNDs) are nanometre-sized diamonds made of
carbon nanoparticles. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
● They are produced in a process that involves high temperature and high
pressure. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
● FNDs are stable under light and aren’t toxic to living things, so they have many
applications in high-resolution imaging, microscale temperature sensing, and
correlative microscopy, among others. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
● In biology, scientists use FNDs to track cells and their progeny over long
periods.

3. Consider the following statements about the appointment of Chief Justice of India
1) As per the Constitution, the senior most Judge of the Supreme Court is appointed as the
Chief Justice of India.
2) This seniority principle has never been violated in appointing the Chief Justice.

4. Consider the following statements about Mohiniyattam.
1) Roots of this dance form are found in Natya Shastra.
2) It also involves singing in malayalam language.
3) It is a classical dance form from Karnataka.

Answer: D

Explanation
Appointment of CJI
● The Chief Justice of India and the Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the
President under Article 124 (2) of the Constitution.
● As per the convention, the senior most Judge of the Supreme Court (based on years of
experience as a judge in the apex court) considered fit to hold the office will be appointed as
the Chief Justice of India (CJI). Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
● This convention was violated in 1973 when A.N.Ray was appointed as the Chief Justice of
India by superseding three senior judges. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
● Later, the Supreme Court in the Second Judges Case (1993), ruled that the senior most
judge of the Supreme Court should alone be appointed to the office of the chief justice of
India.
Role of Central Government in the appointment
● The final decision on appointing the next CJI technically rests with the Centre.
● By convention, the government generally follows the recommendation of the sitting
CJI regarding their successor.

D. None
Answer: A
Explanation
● Mohiniyattam is a classical dance form originating from the state of Kerala. Hence,
statement 3 is incorrect.
● It is traditionally a solo dance performed by women after extensive training.
● The dance gets its name from Mohini – the female enchantress avatar of the Hindu deity
Vishnu.
● The roots of Mohiniyattam are in the Natya Shastra (the ancient Hindu Sanskrit text on
performance arts). Hence, statement 1 is correct.
● It follows the Lasya style described in Natya Shastra, ie, a dance which is delicate and
feminine.
● It comprises delicate footsteps, undulating body movements, and subtle yet poignant
facial expressions.
● Mohiniyattam emotes a play through dancing and singing, where the language of the song
texts is Manipravala, a mixture of Malayalam and Sanskrit. Hence, statement 2 is
incorrect.
● The musical instruments usually used in Mohiniyattam are Mridangam or Madhalam
(barrel drum), Idakka (hourglass drum), flute, Veena, and Kuzhitalam (cymbals).

5. Consider the following statements about the S-400 missile.
1) It is a mobile surface-to-air missile.
2) It was developed by China.
3) Its capabilities are roughly comparable with the USA Patriot.