Answer: C
Explanation
● Miyawaki is a technique of growing dense plantations in a short time. This method
originated in Japan and is now increasingly adopted in other parts of the world. It is named
after the Japanese botanist and plant ecologist Akira Miyawaki.
● With this method of plantation, an urban forest can grow within a short span of 20-30
years while a conventional forest takes around 200-300 years to grow naturally. Hence,
answer is option C.
● In the Miyawaki technique, various native species of plants are planted close to each
other so that the greens receive sunlight only from the top and grow upwards rather than
sideways. It helps in the prevention of the growth of weeds.
● As a result, the plantation becomes approximately 30 times denser, grows 10 times faster
and becomes maintenance-free after a span of 3 years.

2. Consider the following statements with reference to the PM Vishwakarma scheme.
1) The scheme is fully funded by the central government.
2) It provides end-to-end support to artisans who work with their hands and tools.
3) The scheme will provide support to artisans only in rural areas.

Answer: B
Explanation:
● PM Vishwakarma is a Central Sector Scheme launched in 2023 to provide end-to-end
support to artisans and craftspeople who work with their hands and tools. Hence,
statement 2 is correct.
● The scheme with an outlay of Rs 13,000 crore is fully funded by the Central
government. The Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprise is the nodal ministry of
the scheme. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
● The prime focus of PM Vishwakarma is at improving the quality as well as the reach of
products and services of artisans and craftspeople and to ensure that they are integrated
with the domestic and global value chains.
● The scheme will provide support to artisans and craftspeople of rural and urban areas
across India. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
● Eighteen traditional crafts will be covered under PM Vishwakarma. These include (i)
Carpenter; (ii) Boat Maker; (iii) Armourer; (iv) Blacksmith ; (v) Hammer and Tool Kit
Maker; (vi) Locksmith; (vii) Goldsmith; (viii) Potter; (ix) Sculptor, Stone breaker; (x)
Cobbler (Shoesmith/ Footwear artisan); (xi) Mason (Rajmistri); (xii) Basket/Mat/Broom
Maker/Coir Weaver; (xiii) Doll & Toy Maker (Traditional); (xiv) Barber; (xv) Garland maker;
(xvi) Washerman; (xvii) Tailor; and (xviii) Fishing Net Maker.

3. With reference to the Finance Commission, consider the following statements.
1) The Commission is a constitutional body.
2) The Commission recommends the principles which should govern the grants-in-aid of the
revenues of the States out of the Consolidated Fund of India.

Answer: C
Explanation
● The Finance Commission is a constitutional body set up under Article 280 of the
Constitution. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
● Under Article 280, the President of India is required to constitute a Finance Commission at
an interval of five years or earlier.
● The First Finance Commission was constituted in 1952 under the chairmanship of K.C.
Neogy.
What are the functions of the Finance Commission?
● It is the duty of the Commission to make recommendations to the President as to—
○ the distribution of tax proceeds between the Union and the States and the share of
each state.
○ the principles which should govern the grants-in-aid of the revenues of the
States out of the Consolidated Fund of India; Hence, statement 2 is correct.
○ the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to
supplement the resources of the Panchayats in the State on the basis of the
recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
○ the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to
supplement the resources of the Municipalities in the State on the basis of the
recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
○ any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of
sound finance.

4. Consider the following statements about Startups in India.
1) Startup India Initiative objectivizes transforming India into a country of job creators instead
of job seekers.
2) Entities formed by splitting up an existing business are eligible to be recognized as a startup
by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).

5. With reference to Anti-defection law, consider the following statements.
1) A member voluntarily gives up party membership.
2) An independent candidate joins any political party after their election to legislature.
3) A nominated member joins a party before 6 months from his/her nomination.

Answer: A
Explanation
Startup India initiative
● The Startup India initiative of the Government of India envisages building a robust Start-
up ecosystem in the country for nurturing innovation and providing opportunities to
budding entrepreneurs.

● Since the launch of the initiative, Startup India has rolled out several programs with the
objective of supporting entrepreneurs, and transforming India into a country of job
creators instead of job seekers. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Why in News?
● Since the launch of the Startup India initiative in 2016, the Department for Promotion of
Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce & Industry, has recognised
98,119 entities as startups.
What is a DPIIT-recognized startup?
● An entity shall be considered a “Startup” –
1. If it’s incorporated as either Private Limited Company or Registered
Partnership Firm or Limited Liability Partnership. A sole proprietorship or a
public limited company is not eligible as startup.
2. If it is up to 10 years from the date of its incorporation/registration.
3. If its turnover for any of the financial years has not exceeded INR 100 crore
4. If it is working towards innovation, development or improvement of products or
processes or services, or if it is a scalable business model with a high potential of
employment generation or wealth creation.
5. Should not have been formed by splitting up or reconstruction of a business
already in existence. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Answer: B
Explanation:
● Disqualification is done when:
○ Member voluntarily gives up party membership; Hence, statement 1 is correct.
○ If a member violates a direction (whip) issued by his party to vote in a particular
way or to abstain from voting.
○ If an independent candidate joins any political party after their election to
legislature; Hence, statement 2 is correct.
○ If a nominated member joins a party after 6 months of his/her nomination.
Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

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World Legal Services Day

Today, we celebrate the mission of ensuring accessible legal aid for everyone.

Legal services are a fundamental right, and by empowering justice, we aim to make it accessible to all who seek it. Together, let’s strive for a world where justice is within reach for every individual, regardless of their background.

"Empowering Justice: Accessible Legal Aid for All."

#WorldLegalServicesDay #EmpoweringJustice #AccessibleLegalAid #JusticeForAll #LegalAwareness #RightToJustice

1. BISAG-N is a scientific society undertaking technology development in the area of

Answer: A
Explanation
BISAG-N is an autonomous scientific society registered under the Societies Registration Act,
1860 under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology to undertake
technology development in the area of geo-spatial technology. Hence, answer is option A.
Why in News?
● PM GatiShakti District Master Plan (PMGS DMP) portal is being developed with technical
support of BISAG-N (Bhaskaracharya National Institute for Space Applications and
Geoinformatics) for collaborative planning at the District level by State/District authorities

2. Consider the following statements with reference to Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code
(Amendment) Act, 2021.
1) Pre-packaged insolvency resolution process (PIRP) is an alternate insolvency resolution
process for MSMEs.
2) PIRP can be initiated by debtors as well as creditors.
3) During PIRP, the management of the company will be handled by a Committee of Creditors.