4. ‘Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana’ has been launched for
5. The superintendence, direction, and control of the preparation of electoral rolls and the conduct of elections to Panchayats and urban local bodies?
Answer: C
Explanation
● In 2014, the government launched Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) to bring about
comprehensive financial inclusion in the country.
● PMJDY envisages universal access to banking facilities with at least one basic banking
account for ‘every adult’, financial literacy, access to credit, insurance and pension
facility.
Features
● Under the scheme, a basic savings bank deposit (BSBD) account can be opened by
persons not having any other account.
● There is no requirement to maintain any minimum balance in PMJDY accounts.
● Interest is earned on the deposit in PMJDY accounts.
● Rupay Debit card is provided to PMJDY account holders.
● Accident Insurance Cover of Rs.2 lakh is available with RuPay card issued to the PMJDY
account holders.
● An overdraft (OD) facility up to Rs. 10,000 to eligible account holders is available.
● PMJDY accounts are eligible for Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti
Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), Atal Pension
Yojana (APY), Micro Units Development & Refinance Agency Bank (MUDRA) scheme.
Explanation
● In 2014, the government launched Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) to bring about
comprehensive financial inclusion in the country.
● PMJDY envisages universal access to banking facilities with at least one basic banking
account for ‘every adult’, financial literacy, access to credit, insurance and pension
facility.
Features
● Under the scheme, a basic savings bank deposit (BSBD) account can be opened by
persons not having any other account.
● There is no requirement to maintain any minimum balance in PMJDY accounts.
● Interest is earned on the deposit in PMJDY accounts.
● Rupay Debit card is provided to PMJDY account holders.
● Accident Insurance Cover of Rs.2 lakh is available with RuPay card issued to the PMJDY
account holders.
● An overdraft (OD) facility up to Rs. 10,000 to eligible account holders is available.
● PMJDY accounts are eligible for Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti
Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), Atal Pension
Yojana (APY), Micro Units Development & Refinance Agency Bank (MUDRA) scheme.
choose the right answer
Anonymous Quiz
27%
A. Election Commission of India
53%
B. State Election Commission
18%
C. Panchayati Raj Ministry
2%
D. Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: A
Explanation
● State Election Commission (SEC) is responsible for the superintendence, direction, and control of the preparation of electoral rolls and the conduct of elections to Panchayats and urban local bodies.
● This responsibility is enshrined in the Constitution of India under the 73rd and 74th Amendments, which provide for the establishment of the State Election Commission in each
state.
Explanation
● State Election Commission (SEC) is responsible for the superintendence, direction, and control of the preparation of electoral rolls and the conduct of elections to Panchayats and urban local bodies.
● This responsibility is enshrined in the Constitution of India under the 73rd and 74th Amendments, which provide for the establishment of the State Election Commission in each
state.
UPSC Mains 2024 - Essay Paper Questions
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1. Consider the following statements about Gibbons.
1) Gibbons are a group of large-sized apes.
2) Gibbons are the smallest and fastest of all apes.
3) Hoolock gibbons are the only apes found in India..
1) Gibbons are a group of large-sized apes.
2) Gibbons are the smallest and fastest of all apes.
3) Hoolock gibbons are the only apes found in India..
How many of the statements given above is/are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
19%
A. Only one
60%
B. Only two
20%
C. All three
2%
D. None
Explanation
About Gibbons
● Gibbons are a group of small to medium-sized apes. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
● They are the smallest and fastest of all apes. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
● There are 20 species of Gibbons in the world.
● Gibbons are found in evergreen tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia, including countries like Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Laos, and Vietnam.
Types of Gibbons Found in India
● Hoolock gibbons are the only apes found in India. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
● It was widely considered that India has two species of Gibbons: the Western Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) and the Eastern Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock leuconedys).
Western Hoolock Gibbon Eastern Hoolock Gibbon
● It is found in the northeastern states of India, including Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Meghalaya.
● Western Hoolock gibbons have a white or pale browband, distinguishing them from Eastern Hoolock gibbons. ● Also found in northeastern India, particularly in Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.
● Eastern Hoolock gibbons have a distinct dark browband.
● However, a study conducted by the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) in 2021 proved that Hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) is the only gibbon found in India.
● Genetic analysis of the study noted that there is no separate species of eastern hoolock gibbon in northeast India, debunking earlier research that had suggested a separate species (the assumed eastern hoolock gibbon) based on coat colour.
Conservation Status
● Wildlife Protection Act (2022): Schedule I.
Why in News?
● The National Board for Wildlife has deferred permission for oil exploration by a company in Desoi Reserve forest in Assam, which is a habitat of the endangered Hoolock gibbon.
About Gibbons
● Gibbons are a group of small to medium-sized apes. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
● They are the smallest and fastest of all apes. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
● There are 20 species of Gibbons in the world.
● Gibbons are found in evergreen tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia, including countries like Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Laos, and Vietnam.
Types of Gibbons Found in India
● Hoolock gibbons are the only apes found in India. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
● It was widely considered that India has two species of Gibbons: the Western Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) and the Eastern Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock leuconedys).
Western Hoolock Gibbon Eastern Hoolock Gibbon
● It is found in the northeastern states of India, including Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Meghalaya.
● Western Hoolock gibbons have a white or pale browband, distinguishing them from Eastern Hoolock gibbons. ● Also found in northeastern India, particularly in Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.
● Eastern Hoolock gibbons have a distinct dark browband.
● However, a study conducted by the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) in 2021 proved that Hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) is the only gibbon found in India.
● Genetic analysis of the study noted that there is no separate species of eastern hoolock gibbon in northeast India, debunking earlier research that had suggested a separate species (the assumed eastern hoolock gibbon) based on coat colour.
Conservation Status
● Wildlife Protection Act (2022): Schedule I.
Why in News?
● The National Board for Wildlife has deferred permission for oil exploration by a company in Desoi Reserve forest in Assam, which is a habitat of the endangered Hoolock gibbon.
Choose the correct answer
Anonymous Quiz
4%
A. Office of Economic Adviser (OEA)
26%
B. National Statistics Office (NSO)
65%
C. NITI Aayog
5%
D. None of the above
Link - https://forms.gle/cXRKxSEHAWe6Adgs5v
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Join our November batch at Officers IAS Academy and take the first step towards LBSNAA. Seats are filling up fast for the final departure of the year on Nov 15. Don't miss your chance to be trained by ex-IAS officers in Delhi and Chennai.
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Sustainable Development Goals
About
● The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere.
● The 17 Goals were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
● Through the pledge to Leave No One Behind, countries have committed to fast-track progress for those furthest behind first.
● Today, progress is being made in many places, but, overall, action to meet the Goals is not yet advancing at the speed or scale required.
Tracking SDGs in India
● NITI Aayog releases the SDG India Index to evaluate progress of states and Union Territories (UTs) on various parameters including health, education, gender, economic growth, institutions, climate change and environment. Hence, answer is option C.
About
● The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere.
● The 17 Goals were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
● Through the pledge to Leave No One Behind, countries have committed to fast-track progress for those furthest behind first.
● Today, progress is being made in many places, but, overall, action to meet the Goals is not yet advancing at the speed or scale required.
Tracking SDGs in India
● NITI Aayog releases the SDG India Index to evaluate progress of states and Union Territories (UTs) on various parameters including health, education, gender, economic growth, institutions, climate change and environment. Hence, answer is option C.
3. Consider the following statements about the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL).
1) NBWL is a constitutional board.
2) NBWL is chaired by the Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
1) NBWL is a constitutional board.
2) NBWL is chaired by the Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.