Q1182. A 62-year-old woman with established coronary artery disease attends a cardiovascular risk assessment clinic. Her medical history includes chronic kidney disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and a family history of premature coronary disease. She also has a sedentary lifestyle and elevated LDL cholesterol. The physician reviews the risk-factor classification used in the clinical assessment, distinguishing characteristics that cannot be changed from those requiring active risk-factor management.
Which of the following is included among the modifiable risk factors in this classification?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A. Increasing age.
67%
B. Chronic kidney disease.
8%
C. Male sex.
8%
D. Ethnicity.
17%
E. Family history of premature coronary disease.
Q1193. Four patients present with different patterns of chest discomfort and electrocardiographic findings. Patient 1 has predictable exertional chest pain relieved by rest, with normal cardiac troponin. Patient 2 develops new chest pain at rest with transient ST depression, but serial troponin measurements remain normal. Patient 3 presents with prolonged chest pain, ST depression and a significant rise and subsequent fall in cardiac troponin, without persistent ST elevation. Patient 4 has prolonged chest pain with persistent ST elevation in two contiguous leads.
Which patient most clearly has NSTEMI?
Anonymous Quiz
11%
A. Patient 1, because exertional symptoms indicate acute myocardial necrosis.
11%
B. Patient 2, because new resting symptoms establish myocardial infarction.
67%
C. Patient 3, because acute myocardial injury occurs without persistent ST elevation.
11%
D. Patient 4, because persistent ST elevation indicates non-ST-elevation infarction.
0%
E. Patient 1, because normal troponin confirms an acute coronary thrombus.