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Toxin Enzyme #Immunoassays Detect #Clostridioides difficile Infection with Greater Severity and Higher Recurrence Rates
https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciz009/5274659
Few data suggest Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) detected by toxin enzyme immunoassays (EIA) are more severe and have worse outcomes than those detected by nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) only. We compared toxin-positive and NAAT-positive only CDI across geographically-diverse sites
Of 4878 cases, 2160 (44.3%) were toxin-positive and 2718 (55.7%) were NAAT-positive only. More toxin-positive than NAAT-positive only cases were aged ≥65 years (48.2% vs 38.0%; P<0.0001), had ≥3 unformed stool for ≥1 day (43.9% vs 36.6%; P<0.0001), and had white blood cells ≥15,000/µl (31.4% versus 21.4%; P<0.0001). In multivariable analysis, toxin-positivity was associated with recurrence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.61-2.23), but not with CDI-related complications (aOR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.67-1.23) or 30-day mortality (aOR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.73-1.24).
Conclusions
Toxin-positive CDI is more severe, but there were no differences in adjusted CDI-related complication and mortality rates between toxin-positive and NAAT-positive only CDI that were detected by an algorithm that utilized an initial GDH screening test.
Toxin Enzyme #Immunoassays Detect #Clostridioides difficile Infection with Greater Severity and Higher Recurrence Rates
https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciz009/5274659
Few data suggest Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) detected by toxin enzyme immunoassays (EIA) are more severe and have worse outcomes than those detected by nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) only. We compared toxin-positive and NAAT-positive only CDI across geographically-diverse sites
Of 4878 cases, 2160 (44.3%) were toxin-positive and 2718 (55.7%) were NAAT-positive only. More toxin-positive than NAAT-positive only cases were aged ≥65 years (48.2% vs 38.0%; P<0.0001), had ≥3 unformed stool for ≥1 day (43.9% vs 36.6%; P<0.0001), and had white blood cells ≥15,000/µl (31.4% versus 21.4%; P<0.0001). In multivariable analysis, toxin-positivity was associated with recurrence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.61-2.23), but not with CDI-related complications (aOR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.67-1.23) or 30-day mortality (aOR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.73-1.24).
Conclusions
Toxin-positive CDI is more severe, but there were no differences in adjusted CDI-related complication and mortality rates between toxin-positive and NAAT-positive only CDI that were detected by an algorithm that utilized an initial GDH screening test.
OUP Academic
Toxin Enzyme Immunoassays Detect Clostridioides difficile Infection with Greater Severity and Higher Recurrence Rates
AbstractBackground. Few data suggest Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) detected by toxin enzyme immunoassays (EIA) are more severe and have worse outco
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Activity of Hospital #Disinfectants against Vegetative Cells and Spores of #Clostridioides difficile Embedded in Biofilms
Clostridioides difficile spores can survive in the environment either in mono- or mixed-species biofilms. However, no previous studies have investigated chemical disinfection of C. difficile spores embedded in biofilms..
C. difficile vegetative cells and spores were recovered from biofilms regardless the type of biofilm growth or biofilm growth time. No disinfectant was able to completely eliminate C. difficile from the biofilms. Overall, Clorox, OPA, and Virex were most effective at killing C. difficile spores regardless of biofilm age, ribotype, or wash conditions (p= 0.001, each).
Clorox and OPA were also effective at killing total vegetative cell growth (P=0.001, each) but Virex was found to be ineffective against vegetative cell growth in biofilms (p=0.77). Clorox and Virex were most effective in reducing biomass followed by Nixall, OPA and Vital oxide.
Conclusion. No disinfectant was able to completely eliminate C. difficile embedded within biofilms although differences among disinfectants were noted. Future research will be required to determine methods to eradicate this persister reservoir.
https://aac.asm.org/content/early/2019/10/08/AAC.01031-19
Activity of Hospital #Disinfectants against Vegetative Cells and Spores of #Clostridioides difficile Embedded in Biofilms
Clostridioides difficile spores can survive in the environment either in mono- or mixed-species biofilms. However, no previous studies have investigated chemical disinfection of C. difficile spores embedded in biofilms..
C. difficile vegetative cells and spores were recovered from biofilms regardless the type of biofilm growth or biofilm growth time. No disinfectant was able to completely eliminate C. difficile from the biofilms. Overall, Clorox, OPA, and Virex were most effective at killing C. difficile spores regardless of biofilm age, ribotype, or wash conditions (p= 0.001, each).
Clorox and OPA were also effective at killing total vegetative cell growth (P=0.001, each) but Virex was found to be ineffective against vegetative cell growth in biofilms (p=0.77). Clorox and Virex were most effective in reducing biomass followed by Nixall, OPA and Vital oxide.
Conclusion. No disinfectant was able to completely eliminate C. difficile embedded within biofilms although differences among disinfectants were noted. Future research will be required to determine methods to eradicate this persister reservoir.
https://aac.asm.org/content/early/2019/10/08/AAC.01031-19
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Activity of Hospital Disinfectants against Vegetative Cells and Spores of Clostridioides difficile Embedded in Biofilms
Objective : Clostridioides difficile spores can survive in the environment either in mono- or mixed-species biofilms. However, no previous studies have investigated chemical disinfection of C. difficile spores embedded in biofilms. Thus, the purpose of this…
Fecal #microbiota transplantation for recurrent #Clostridioides difficile infection associates with functional alterations in circulating microRNAs
https://2medical.news/2021/05/06/fecal-microbiota-transplantation-for-recurrent-clostridioides-difficile-infection-associates-with-functional-alterations-in-circulating-micrornas/
https://2medical.news/2021/05/06/fecal-microbiota-transplantation-for-recurrent-clostridioides-difficile-infection-associates-with-functional-alterations-in-circulating-micrornas/
2Medical.News
Fecal #microbiota transplantation for recurrent #Clostridioides difficile infection associates with functional alterations in circulating…
The molecular mechanisms underlying successful fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) remain poorly understood. The primary objective of this…
Serum #procalcitonin levels associate with #Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with #inflammatory bowel disease
https://2medical.news/2021/11/01/serum-procalcitonin-levels-associate-with-clostridioides-difficile-infection-in-patients-with-inflammatory-bowel-disease/
https://2medical.news/2021/11/01/serum-procalcitonin-levels-associate-with-clostridioides-difficile-infection-in-patients-with-inflammatory-bowel-disease/
2Medical.News
Serum #procalcitonin levels associate with #Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with #inflammatory bowel disease
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of morbidity among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of CDI are needed in clinical …