Parent’s Physical #Activity Associated With #Preschooler Activity in Underserved Populations

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749379716306183

Increasing parental PA and reducing sedentary behavior correlate with increased PA-related behaviors in children. However, more work is needed to understand the impact of high levels of parental MVPA on the MVPA levels of their children.

Management of #Sepsis and Septic #Shock

http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2598892

Vasopressors: Use norepinephrine as a first-choice vasopressor (strong recommendation; moderate QOE)

Fluids: For patients with sepsis-induced hypoperfusion, provide 30 mL/kg of intravenous crystalloid within 3 hours (strong recommendation; low QOE)
Mechanical ventilation in patients with sepsis-related ARDS:

Target a tidal volume of 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight (strong recommendation; high QOE) and a plateau pressure of ≤30 cm H2O (strong recommendation; moderate QOE)

The risk of #fracture among patients with psoriatic arthritis and #psoriasis: a population-based study

http://ardbeta.bmj.com/content/early/2017/01/16/annrheumdis-2016-210441

Patients with severe psoriasis had significantly elevated risk of all fracture and vertebral fracture: aHR 1.26 (1.15 to 1.39) and 2.23 (1.54 to 3.22).
PsA and psoriasis are associated with an elevated risk for fracture.

Screening for #Obstructive Sleep #Apnea in Adults

http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2598778

The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for OSA in asymptomatic adults. (I statement)

Effects of control #interventions on #Clostridium difficile infection in England: an observational study

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(16)30514-X/fulltext

Restricting fluoroquinolone prescribing appears to explain the decline in incidence of C difficile infections, above other measures, in Oxfordshire and Leeds, England. Antimicrobial stewardship should be a central component of C difficile infection control programmes.

Acute dietary #fat intake initiates alterations in energy metabolism and #insulin resistance

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/89444

CONCLUSION. Saturated fat ingestion rapidly increases hepatic lipid storage, energy metabolism, and insulin resistance. This is accompanied by regulation of hepatic gene expression and signaling that may contribute to development of NAFLD.

#SGLT2 inhibitor use and #dietary carbohydrate intake in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, open-label, 3-arm parallel comparative exploratory study

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dom.12848/abstract

In conclusion, luseogliflozin has similar efficacy and safety in Japanese T2D individuals when meals contain 40-55% TEC, but a strict low-carbohydrate diet on this class of drug should be avoided to prevent SGLT2 inhibitor-associated diabetic ketoacidosis.

#Bezlotoxumab for Prevention of Recurrent #Clostridium difficile Infection

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1602615

Among participants receiving antibiotic treatment for primary or recurrent C. difficile infection, bezlotoxumab was associated with a substantially lower rate of recurrent infection than placebo and had a safety profile similar to that of placebo. The addition of actoxumab did not improve efficacy.

Post-traumatic stress disorder and cancer

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(17)30014-7/fulltext

Psychosocial assessment of patients with cancer should include careful evaluation of pre-cancer diagnosis trauma and psychiatric history, and diagnostic interviewing should consider concurrent conditions (eg, adjustment disorder). Treatment of cancer-related PTSD should be approached with caution and be informed by existing evidence-based approaches for traumatic stress.

Association of #Dietary Patterns With Risk of Colorectal #Cancer Subtypes Classified by Fusobacterium Nucleatum in Tumor Tissue

http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/article-abstract/2598745

Prudent diets rich in whole grains and dietary fiber are associated with a lower risk for F nucleatum–positive colorectal cancer but not F nucleatum–negative cancer, supporting a potential role for intestinal microbiota in mediating the association between diet and colorectal neoplasms.

Association between #weight bias internalization and #metabolic syndrome among treatment-seeking individuals with obesity

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/oby.21716/full

Individuals with obesity who self-stigmatize may have heightened cardiometabolic risk. Biological and behavioral pathways linking WBI and metabolic syndrome require further exploration.

Roots of #Alzheimer's disease can extend as far back as the #womb

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-01/uobc-roa012517.php

The study, published today in Acta Neuropathologica, also included new evidence in humans of the vitamin A-dementia connection in later years. Examining 330 elderly people in Chongqing, Song and his collaborators found that 75 per cent of those with either mild or significant vitamin A deficiency had cognitive impairment, compared to 47 per cent of those with normal vitamin A levels.

#Chocolate intake and incidence of #heart failure: Findings from the Cohort of Swedish Men

http://www.ahjonline.com/article/S0002-8703(16)30214-9/abstract

In this large prospective cohort study, there was a J-shaped relationship between chocolate consumption and HF incidence. Moderate chocolate consumption was associated with a lower rate of HF hospitalization or death, but the protective association was not observed among individuals consuming ≥1 serving per day.

Selection against variants in the #genome associated with #educational attainment

http://m.pnas.org/content/early/2017/01/10/1612113114.abstract

We show that an educational attainment polygenic score, POLYEDU, constructed from results of a recent study is associated with delayed reproduction (P < 10−100) and fewer children overall. The effect is stronger for women and remains highly significant after adjusting for educational attainment.

#Postmenopausal Women With Greater Paracardial Fat Have More #Coronary Artery Calcification Than Premenopausal Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) Cardiovascular Fat Ancillary Study

http://jaha.ahajournals.org/content/6/2/e004545

The findings suggest that PAT is a potential menopause‐specific coronary artery disease risk marker, supporting the need to monitor and target this fat depot for intervention in women at midlife.