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The #mesentery: structure, function, and role in #disease

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468-1253(16)30026-7/abstract

Systematic study of the mesentery is now possible because of clarification of its structure. Although this area of science is in an early phase, important advances have already been made and opportunities uncovered. For example, distinctive anatomical and functional features have been revealed that justify designation of the mesentery as an organ. Accordingly, the mesentery should be subjected to the same investigatory focus that is applied to other organs and systems. In this Review, we summarise the findings of scientific investigations of the mesentery so far and explore its role in human disease. We aim to provide a platform from which to direct future scientific investigation of the human mesentery in health and disease.

Living near major #roads and the incidence of #dementia, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis: a population-based cohort study

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/landia/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)32399-6/fulltext

In this large population-based cohort, living close to heavy traffic was associated with a higher incidence of dementia, but not with Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis.

Clinical and Fecal Microbial Changes With #Diet Therapy in Active #Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

http://mobile.journals.lww.com/jcge/_layouts/15/oaks.journals.mobile/articleviewer.aspx?year=9000&issue=00000&article=98120

SCD therapy in IBD is associated with clinical and laboratory improvements as well as concomitant changes in the fecal microbiome. Further prospective studies are required to fully assess the safety and efficacy of dietary therapy in patients with IBD.

#Discontinuation of #Warfarin Therapy for Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/article-abstract/2595572

The use of warfarin significantly reduces the risk of stroke among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Unfortunately, up to 60% of patients discontinue therapy within the first year.1 Prior studies did not assess the quality of warfarin therapy or the occurrence of electrical cardioversion (ECV) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as predictors of discontinuation of warfarin therapy.

#INSULIN RESISTANCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALLER CORTICAL #BONE SIZE IN NON-DIABETIC MEN AT THE AGE OF PEAK BONE MASS

http://press.endocrine.org/doi/10.1210/jc.2016-3609

In this cohort of non-diabetic men at the age of peak bone mass, insulin resistance is inversely associated with trabecular and cortical bone size. These associations persist after adjustment for body composition, muscle size or function, or sex steroid levels, suggesting an independent effect of insulin resistance on bone geometry.

Long-term outcomes of #bariatric surgery in #adolescents with severe obesity (FABS-5+): a prospective follow-up analysis

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/landia/article/PIIS2213-8587(16)30315-1/fulltext

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery resulted in substantial and durable bodyweight reduction and cardiometabolic benefits for young adults. Long-term health maintenance after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass should focus on adherence to dietary supplements and screening and management of micronutrient deficiencies.

Evolving use of #seizure medications after intracerebral #hemorrhage

http://m.neurology.org/content/88/1/52.abstract

New data that led to revised prescribing guidelines for prophylactic seizure medications for patients with ICH were temporally associated with a significant decrease in use of the medication, potentially reducing adverse outcomes. However, a corresponding increase in the use of an alternative medication, levetiracetam, occurred despite limited knowledge about its potential effects on outcomes. Future guideline changes should anticipate and address alternatives.

Physical #Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Symptoms of Major #Depression in Middle Childhood

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2017/01/05/peds.2016-1711

moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) predicts fewer symptoms of major depression in middle childhood, and increasing MVPA may serve as a complementary method to prevent and treat childhood depression

Association Between #Antipsychotic Agents and Risk of Acute #Respiratory Failure in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-abstract/2595040

These findings suggest an acute risk of ARF from antipsychotic use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and future studies are required to confirm the observed association.

#Cost-effectiveness and cost-containment in the era of interferon-free therapies to treat #HCV Genotype 1

http://m.ofid.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/12/27/ofid.ofw266.abstract

Treatment strategies using interferon-free therapies to treat all HCV-infected persons are cost-effective, but short-term cost is high. Among non-cirrhotic patients, using the least costly interferon-free regimen, even if it is not single tablet or once daily, is the cost control strategy that results in best outcomes. Restricting treatment to patients with more advanced disease often results in worse outcomes than treating all patients, and is not preferred

Promotion of natural #tooth repair by small molecule #GSK3 antagonists

http://www.nature.com/articles/srep39654

Biodegradable, clinically-approved collagen sponges are used to deliver low doses of small molecule glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3) antagonists that promote the natural processes of reparative dentine formation to completely restore dentine. Since the carrier sponge is degraded over time, dentine replaces the degraded sponge leading to a complete, effective natural repair. This simple, rapid natural tooth repair process could thus potentially provide a new approach to clinical tooth restoration.

#Meat intake and risk of #diverticulitis among men

http://gutbeta.bmj.com/content/early/2017/01/03/gutjnl-2016-313082

Red meat intake, particularly unprocessed red meat, was associated with an increased risk of diverticulitis. The findings provide practical dietary guidance for patients at risk of diverticulitis.

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#Folic Acid #Supplementation for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects
US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2596300#149770662

The USPSTF recommends that all women who are planning or capable of pregnancy take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400-800 µg) of folic acid. (A recommendation)

#Migraine and risk of perioperative ischemic #stroke and hospital readmission: hospital based registry study

http://www.bmj.com/content/356/bmj.i6635

Surgical patients with a history of migraine are at increased risk of perioperative ischemic stroke and have an increased 30 day hospital readmission rate. Migraine should be considered in the risk assessment for perioperative ischemic stroke.