Evidence for #energy conservation during pubertal #growth A 10-year longitudinal study (EarlyBird 71)

http://www.nature.com/ijo/journal/vaop/naam/abs/ijo2016158a.html

CONCLUSION: There appears to be a temporary but substantial reduction in energy expenditure during puberty which is unrelated to changes in body composition. If it means higher energy efficiency, the fall in REE could be advantageous in an evolutionary context to delivering the extra energy needed for pubertal growth, but unfavourable to weight gain in a contemporary environment.

Accuracy in #Wrist-Worn, Sensor-Based Measurements of Heart Rate and #Energy Expenditure in a Diverse Cohort
http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/7/2/3/htm

Devices reported the lowest error for cycling and the highest for walking. Device error was higher for males, greater body mass index, darker skin tone, and walking. Six of the devices achieved a median error for HR below 5% during cycling. No device achieved an error in EE below 20 percent. The Apple Watch achieved the lowest overall error in both HR and EE, while the Samsung Gear S2 reported the highest. In conclusion, most wrist-worn devices adequately measure HR in laboratory-based activities, but poorly estimate EE, suggesting caution in the use of EE measurements as part of health improvement programs. We propose reference standards for the validation of consumer health devices

heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE)

Trajectories of #energy drink consumption and subsequent #drug use during young adulthood
http://www.drugandalcoholdependence.com/article/S0376-8716(17)30332-0/fulltext

Highly caffeinated energy drinks (EDs) are popular with adolescents and young adults, but longitudinal consumption patterns are poorly understood especially in relation to other substance use.

From age 21–25, ED consumption declined in both annual prevalence 62.5%wt to 49.1%wt (wt = weighted) and frequency of use among consumers (35.2–26.3 days/year). Yet individuals exhibiting a Persistent trajectory (51.4%) of consumption outnumbered those with Non-Use (20.6%), Intermediate (17.4%), or Desisting (10.6%) trajectories. Age 25 cocaine use, nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NPS), and alcohol use disorder (AUD) risk were significantly associated with trajectory group membership, with Persistent and Intermediate groups exhibiting the highest risk for such outcomes, even accounting for prior substance use and other risk factors. Neither marijuana nor tobacco use were associated with group membership

Conclusions
The typical pattern of ED consumption among this sample was sustained use throughout young adulthood. Such individuals appear to be at high risk for adverse substance use outcomes, and results suggest possible specificity regarding cocaine use and NPS, and AUD risk. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the connection between ED and substance use

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#Energy expenditure differences across lying, sitting, and standing positions in young healthy adults

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0217029

The time spent in #sedentary behaviour represents an important public health burden. To reduce sedentary time in the general population, the simplest, most effective, and most accessible method is to decrease lying and sitting time.

We aimed to compare differences on #energy expenditure (EE) across lying, sitting, and standing positions; and to analyse the associations between the change on EE of changing from one position to another and anthropometric and body composition parameters in young healthy adults.

Our findings support the fact that increasing the time spent standing could be a simple strategy to slightly increase EE. Therefore, our results have important clinical implications including a better monitoring, characterizing, and promoting countermeasures to sedentariness through low-level physical activities

Childhood Daily #Energy Expenditure Does Not Decrease with Market Integration and Is Not Related to #Adiposity in Amazonia
https://2medical.news/2021/01/21/childhood-daily-energy-expenditure-does-not-decrease-with-market-integration-and-is-not-related-to-adiposity-in-amazonia/

Childhood overweight and obesity (OW/OB) is increasingly centered in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as rural populations experience market integration and lifeway change. Most explanatory studies have relied on imprecise estimates of children’s energy expenditure, restricting understanding of the relative effects of changes in diet and energy expenditure on the development of OW/OB in transitioning contexts.. ..Cross-sectional data were collected from “rural” (n = 43) …

Daily #energy expenditure through the human life course

https://2medical.news/2021/08/23/daily-energy-expenditure-through-the-human-life-course/