People with higher #thyroid hormone levels may be at greater risk for #atherosclerosis
https://www.endocrine.org/news-room/current-press-releases/people-with-higher-thyroid-hormone-levels-may-be-at-greater-risk-for-atherosclerosis
Over a median followup of 8.8 years, 1,130 atherosclerotic events and 580 atherosclerotic deaths occurred in the population. Higher free thyroxine (FT4) levels in these patients were associated with elevated risk of atherosclerotic morbidity and mortality independent of cardiovascular risk factors.
The authors also found that higher FT4 levels were associated with greater risk of subclinical atherosclerosis.
These results suggest that the link between thyroid function and atherosclerosis is mediated through yet unexplored cardiovascular risk factors or alternative pathways, the authors wrote in their abstract.
https://www.endocrine.org/news-room/current-press-releases/people-with-higher-thyroid-hormone-levels-may-be-at-greater-risk-for-atherosclerosis
Over a median followup of 8.8 years, 1,130 atherosclerotic events and 580 atherosclerotic deaths occurred in the population. Higher free thyroxine (FT4) levels in these patients were associated with elevated risk of atherosclerotic morbidity and mortality independent of cardiovascular risk factors.
The authors also found that higher FT4 levels were associated with greater risk of subclinical atherosclerosis.
These results suggest that the link between thyroid function and atherosclerosis is mediated through yet unexplored cardiovascular risk factors or alternative pathways, the authors wrote in their abstract.
www.endocrine.org
People with higher thyroid hormone levels may be at greater risk for atherosclerosis
Middle-aged and elderly people with higher free thyroxine levels may be more likely to develop atherosclerotic diseases, new research from the Netherlands reports.
The Importance of #Breakfast in #Atherosclerosis Disease
http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/70/15/1833
Daily habits, including the number and quality of eating occasions, are potential targets for primary prevention strategies with large health impacts.
Skipping breakfast is considered a frequent and unhealthy habit associated with an increased cardiovascular (CV) risk Three patterns of breakfast consumption were studied: high-energy breakfast, when contributing to >20% of total daily energy intake (27% of the population); low-energy breakfast, when contributing between 5% and 20% of total daily energy intake (70% of the population); and skipping breakfast, when consuming <5% of total daily energy (3% of the population). Independent of the presence of traditional and dietary CV risk factors, and compared with high-energy breakfast, habitual skipping breakfast was associated with a higher prevalence of noncoronary (odds ratio: 1.55; 95% confidence interval: 0.97 to 2.46) and generalized (odds ratio: 2.57; 95% confidence interval: 1.54 to 4.31) atherosclerosis.
Conclusion Skipping breakfast is associated with an increased odds of prevalent noncoronary and generalized atherosclerosis independently of the presence of conventional CV risk factors. (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis PESA
http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/70/15/1833
Daily habits, including the number and quality of eating occasions, are potential targets for primary prevention strategies with large health impacts.
Skipping breakfast is considered a frequent and unhealthy habit associated with an increased cardiovascular (CV) risk Three patterns of breakfast consumption were studied: high-energy breakfast, when contributing to >20% of total daily energy intake (27% of the population); low-energy breakfast, when contributing between 5% and 20% of total daily energy intake (70% of the population); and skipping breakfast, when consuming <5% of total daily energy (3% of the population). Independent of the presence of traditional and dietary CV risk factors, and compared with high-energy breakfast, habitual skipping breakfast was associated with a higher prevalence of noncoronary (odds ratio: 1.55; 95% confidence interval: 0.97 to 2.46) and generalized (odds ratio: 2.57; 95% confidence interval: 1.54 to 4.31) atherosclerosis.
Conclusion Skipping breakfast is associated with an increased odds of prevalent noncoronary and generalized atherosclerosis independently of the presence of conventional CV risk factors. (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis PESA
JACC: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
The Importance of Breakfast in Atherosclerosis Disease
Background Daily habits, including the number and quality of eating occasions, are potential targets for primary prevention strategies with large health impacts. Skipping breakfast is considered a frequent and unhealthy habit associated with an increased…
Predicting Subclinical #Atherosclerosis in Low-Risk Individuals
Ideal Cardiovascular Health #Score and Fuster-BEWAT Score
http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/70/20/2463
The ideal cardiovascular health score (ICHS) is recommended for use in primary prevention. Simpler tools not requiring laboratory tests, such as the Fuster-BEWAT (blood pressure B, exercise E, weight W, alimentation A, and tobacco T) score (FBS), are also available
With poor ICHS and FBS as references, individuals with ideal ICHS and FBS showed lower adjusted odds of having atherosclerotic plaques (ICHS odds ratio OR: 0.41; 95% confidence interval CI: 0.31 to 0.55 vs. FBS OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.66), coronary artery calcium (CACS) ≥1 (CACS OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.60 vs. CACS OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.74), higher number of affected territories (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.41 vs. OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.50), and higher CACS level (OR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.58 vs. OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.72). Similar levels of significantly discriminating accuracy were found for ICHS and FBS with respect to the presence of plaques (C-statistic: 0.694; 95% CI: 0.678 to 0.711 vs. 0.692; 95% CI: 0.676 to 0.709, respectively) and for CACS ≥1 (C-statistic: 0.782; 95% CI: 0.765 to 0.800 vs. 0.780; 95% CI: 0.762 to 0.798, respectively).
Conclusions Both scores predict the presence and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis with similar accuracy, highlighting the value of the FBS as a simpler and more affordable score for evaluating the risk of subclinical disease
Ideal Cardiovascular Health #Score and Fuster-BEWAT Score
http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/70/20/2463
The ideal cardiovascular health score (ICHS) is recommended for use in primary prevention. Simpler tools not requiring laboratory tests, such as the Fuster-BEWAT (blood pressure B, exercise E, weight W, alimentation A, and tobacco T) score (FBS), are also available
With poor ICHS and FBS as references, individuals with ideal ICHS and FBS showed lower adjusted odds of having atherosclerotic plaques (ICHS odds ratio OR: 0.41; 95% confidence interval CI: 0.31 to 0.55 vs. FBS OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.66), coronary artery calcium (CACS) ≥1 (CACS OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.60 vs. CACS OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.74), higher number of affected territories (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.41 vs. OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.50), and higher CACS level (OR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.58 vs. OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.72). Similar levels of significantly discriminating accuracy were found for ICHS and FBS with respect to the presence of plaques (C-statistic: 0.694; 95% CI: 0.678 to 0.711 vs. 0.692; 95% CI: 0.676 to 0.709, respectively) and for CACS ≥1 (C-statistic: 0.782; 95% CI: 0.765 to 0.800 vs. 0.780; 95% CI: 0.762 to 0.798, respectively).
Conclusions Both scores predict the presence and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis with similar accuracy, highlighting the value of the FBS as a simpler and more affordable score for evaluating the risk of subclinical disease
JACC: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Predicting Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Low-Risk Individuals
![Figure][1]
Background The ideal cardiovascular health score (ICHS) is recommended for use in primary prevention. Simpler tools not requiring laboratory tests, such as the Fuster-BEWAT (blood pressure [B], exercise [E], weight [W], alimentation [A], and…
Background The ideal cardiovascular health score (ICHS) is recommended for use in primary prevention. Simpler tools not requiring laboratory tests, such as the Fuster-BEWAT (blood pressure [B], exercise [E], weight [W], alimentation [A], and…
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Association Between Midlife Risk Factors and Late-Onset #Epilepsy
Results From the #Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/2688301
.. The incidence was higher in black than in white participants (4.71; 95% CI, 4.12-5.40 vs 2.88; 95% CI, 2.60-3.18 per 1000 person-years). In multivariable analysis, baseline hypertension (hazard ratio HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09-1.55), diabetes (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.17-1.80), smoking (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17), apolipoprotein E ε4 genotype (1 allele HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02-1.45; 2 alleles HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.35-2.81), and incident stroke (HR, 3.38; 95% CI, 2.78-4.10) and dementia (HR, 2.56; 95% CI, 2.11-3.12) were associated with an increased risk of late-onset epilepsy, while higher levels of physical activity (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.98) and moderate alcohol intake (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.57-0.90) were associated with a lower risk. Results were similar after censoring individuals with stroke or dementia.
Conclusions and Relevance Potentially modifiable risk factors in midlife and the APOE ε4 genotype were positively associated with risk of developing late-onset epilepsy. Although stroke and dementia were both associated with late-onset epilepsy, vascular and lifestyle risk factors were significant even in the absence of stroke or dementia.
Association Between Midlife Risk Factors and Late-Onset #Epilepsy
Results From the #Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/2688301
.. The incidence was higher in black than in white participants (4.71; 95% CI, 4.12-5.40 vs 2.88; 95% CI, 2.60-3.18 per 1000 person-years). In multivariable analysis, baseline hypertension (hazard ratio HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09-1.55), diabetes (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.17-1.80), smoking (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17), apolipoprotein E ε4 genotype (1 allele HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02-1.45; 2 alleles HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.35-2.81), and incident stroke (HR, 3.38; 95% CI, 2.78-4.10) and dementia (HR, 2.56; 95% CI, 2.11-3.12) were associated with an increased risk of late-onset epilepsy, while higher levels of physical activity (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.98) and moderate alcohol intake (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.57-0.90) were associated with a lower risk. Results were similar after censoring individuals with stroke or dementia.
Conclusions and Relevance Potentially modifiable risk factors in midlife and the APOE ε4 genotype were positively associated with risk of developing late-onset epilepsy. Although stroke and dementia were both associated with late-onset epilepsy, vascular and lifestyle risk factors were significant even in the absence of stroke or dementia.
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Association of #Sleep Duration and Quality With Subclinical #Atherosclerosis
http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/73/2/134
Four groups were defined: very short sleep duration <6 h, short sleep duration 6 to 7 h, reference sleep duration 7 to 8 h, and long sleep duration >8 h. Sleep fragmentation index was defined as the sum of the movement index and fragmentation index.
When adjusted for conventional risk factors, very short sleep duration was independently associated with a higher atherosclerotic burden with 3-dimensional vascular ultrasound compared to the reference group (odds ratio: 1.27; 95% confidence interval: 1.06 to 1.52; p = 0.008). Participants within the highest quintile of sleep fragmentation presented a higher prevalence of multiple affected noncoronary territories (odds ratio: 1.34; 95% confidence interval: 1.09 to 1.64; p = 0.006). No differences were observed regarding coronary artery calcification score in the different sleep groups.
Conclusions Lower sleeping times and fragmented sleep are independently associated with an increased risk of subclinical multiterritory atherosclerosis. These results highlight the importance of healthy sleep habits for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Association of #Sleep Duration and Quality With Subclinical #Atherosclerosis
http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/73/2/134
Four groups were defined: very short sleep duration <6 h, short sleep duration 6 to 7 h, reference sleep duration 7 to 8 h, and long sleep duration >8 h. Sleep fragmentation index was defined as the sum of the movement index and fragmentation index.
When adjusted for conventional risk factors, very short sleep duration was independently associated with a higher atherosclerotic burden with 3-dimensional vascular ultrasound compared to the reference group (odds ratio: 1.27; 95% confidence interval: 1.06 to 1.52; p = 0.008). Participants within the highest quintile of sleep fragmentation presented a higher prevalence of multiple affected noncoronary territories (odds ratio: 1.34; 95% confidence interval: 1.09 to 1.64; p = 0.006). No differences were observed regarding coronary artery calcification score in the different sleep groups.
Conclusions Lower sleeping times and fragmented sleep are independently associated with an increased risk of subclinical multiterritory atherosclerosis. These results highlight the importance of healthy sleep habits for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Dihomo-γ-#linolenic acid inhibits several key cellular processes associated with #atherosclerosis
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925443919302108
Highlights
•
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) attenuates atherosclerosis in a mouse model system.
•
The mechanisms underlying anti-atherogenic actions of DGLA are poorly understood.
•
DGLA inhibited atherogenic processes in three key cell types in this disease.
•
Mechanisms underlying such protective actions of DGLA were identified.
•
Studies inform on the beneficial anti-atherogenic actions of DGLA.
The actions of DGLA extended to other key atherosclerosis-associated cell types with attenuation of endothelial cell proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells in response to platelet-derived growth factor. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-atherogenic actions of DGLA and supports further assessments on its protective effects on plaque regression in vivo and in human trials.
Dihomo-γ-#linolenic acid inhibits several key cellular processes associated with #atherosclerosis
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925443919302108
Highlights
•
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) attenuates atherosclerosis in a mouse model system.
•
The mechanisms underlying anti-atherogenic actions of DGLA are poorly understood.
•
DGLA inhibited atherogenic processes in three key cell types in this disease.
•
Mechanisms underlying such protective actions of DGLA were identified.
•
Studies inform on the beneficial anti-atherogenic actions of DGLA.
The actions of DGLA extended to other key atherosclerosis-associated cell types with attenuation of endothelial cell proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells in response to platelet-derived growth factor. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-atherogenic actions of DGLA and supports further assessments on its protective effects on plaque regression in vivo and in human trials.
Sciencedirect
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid inhibits several key cellular processes associated with atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis and its complications are responsible for one in three global deaths. Nutraceuticals show promise in the prevention and treatment of a…
Short-Term Progression of Multiterritorial Subclinical #Atherosclerosis
https://2medical.news/2020/04/20/short-term-progression-of-multiterritorial-subclinical-atherosclerosis/
..Imaging detected short-term (3-year) atherosclerosis progression in 41.5% of participants (26.4% by 2DVUS, 21.3% by 3DVUS, and 11.5% by CACS), particularly in peripheral territories examined by vascular ultrasound. New atherosclerosis onset accounted for approximately one-third of total progression, also more frequently by 2DVUS and 3DVUS (29.1% and 16.6%, respectively), than by CACS (2.9%). Participants with baseline disease by all 3 modalities (n = 432) also …
https://2medical.news/2020/04/20/short-term-progression-of-multiterritorial-subclinical-atherosclerosis/
..Imaging detected short-term (3-year) atherosclerosis progression in 41.5% of participants (26.4% by 2DVUS, 21.3% by 3DVUS, and 11.5% by CACS), particularly in peripheral territories examined by vascular ultrasound. New atherosclerosis onset accounted for approximately one-third of total progression, also more frequently by 2DVUS and 3DVUS (29.1% and 16.6%, respectively), than by CACS (2.9%). Participants with baseline disease by all 3 modalities (n = 432) also …
#Stroke risk associated with carotid and aortic #atherosclerosis in patients with atrial #fibrillation: A systematic review
https://2medical.news/2021/04/14/stroke-risk-associated-with-carotid-and-aortic-atherosclerosis-in-patients-with-atrial-fibrillation-a-systematic-review/
This review aimed to summarize the evidence on the risk of thromboembolism associated with carotid and aortic atherosclerosis in patients with AF, and the potential impact of their inclusion in current stroke risk stratification scores. Methods MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE were systematically searched to identify all published studies providing relevant data through 28 February 2021. Results We identified 10 eligible studies. There was …
https://2medical.news/2021/04/14/stroke-risk-associated-with-carotid-and-aortic-atherosclerosis-in-patients-with-atrial-fibrillation-a-systematic-review/
This review aimed to summarize the evidence on the risk of thromboembolism associated with carotid and aortic atherosclerosis in patients with AF, and the potential impact of their inclusion in current stroke risk stratification scores. Methods MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE were systematically searched to identify all published studies providing relevant data through 28 February 2021. Results We identified 10 eligible studies. There was …
Serum #albumin and risks of hospitalization and death: Findings from the #Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study
https://2medical.news/2021/08/04/serum-albumin-and-risks-of-hospitalization-and-death-findings-from-the-atherosclerosis-risk-in-communities-study/
https://2medical.news/2021/08/04/serum-albumin-and-risks-of-hospitalization-and-death-findings-from-the-atherosclerosis-risk-in-communities-study/
2Medical.News
Serum #albumin and risks of hospitalization and death: Findings from the #Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study
To determine whether lower serum albumin in community-dwelling, older adults is associated with increased risk of hospitalization and death independent of pre-existing disease. DesignProspective co…
#Cysteamine Decreases Low‐Density Lipoprotein Oxidation, Causes Regression of #Atherosclerosis, and Improves #Liver and Muscle Function in Low‐Density Lipoprotein Receptor–Deficient Mice
https://2medical.news/2021/09/14/cysteamine-decreases-low%E2%80%90density-lipoprotein-oxidation-causes-regression-of-atherosclerosis-and-improves-liver-and-muscle-function-in-low%E2%80%90density-lipoprotein-receptor-defi/
https://2medical.news/2021/09/14/cysteamine-decreases-low%E2%80%90density-lipoprotein-oxidation-causes-regression-of-atherosclerosis-and-improves-liver-and-muscle-function-in-low%E2%80%90density-lipoprotein-receptor-defi/
2Medical.News
#Cysteamine Decreases Low‐Density Lipoprotein Oxidation, Causes Regression of #Atherosclerosis, and Improves #Liver and Muscle…
We have shown previously that low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) can be oxidized in the lysosomes of macrophages, that this oxidation can be inhibited by cysteamine, an antioxidant that accumulates in l…
#Proteinuria as a Significant Predictive Factor for the Progression of Carotid Artery #Atherosclerosis in Non-Albuminuric Type 2 #Diabetes
https://2medical.news/2021/10/11/proteinuria-as-a-significant-predictive-factor-for-the-progression-of-carotid-artery-atherosclerosis-in-non-albuminuric-type-2-diabetes/
https://2medical.news/2021/10/11/proteinuria-as-a-significant-predictive-factor-for-the-progression-of-carotid-artery-atherosclerosis-in-non-albuminuric-type-2-diabetes/
2Medical.News
#Proteinuria as a Significant Predictive Factor for the Progression of Carotid Artery #Atherosclerosis in Non-Albuminuric Type…
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the urine protein to creatinine ratio (uPCR) has have clinical significance in relation to cardiovascular risk associated with carotid artery intim…