โฆ๏ธ Island Nations in Indian Ocean
North to South [ Remember Exactly ]
โข Maldives
โข Seychelles
โข Diego Garcia ( Overseas territory of U.K. )
โข Agalega Island ( belongs to Mauritius )
โข Madagascar
โข Mauritius
โข Reunion Island ( Overseas region of France )
NOTE: Chagos Archipelago is a group of Islands including the largest Diego Garcia.
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North to South [ Remember Exactly ]
โข Maldives
โข Seychelles
โข Diego Garcia ( Overseas territory of U.K. )
โข Agalega Island ( belongs to Mauritius )
โข Madagascar
โข Mauritius
โข Reunion Island ( Overseas region of France )
NOTE: Chagos Archipelago is a group of Islands including the largest Diego Garcia.
@Mapping_India_World_Upsc
โฆ๏ธBiosphere Reserve of India
โ Image credit - Edubaba
โ Biosphere Reserve (BR) is an international designation by UNESCO for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large area of terrestrial or coastal/ marine ecosystems or a combination thereof.
โ There are 18 Biosphere Reserves in the country.
1. Cold Desert, Himachal Pradesh
2. Nanda Devi, Uttrakhand
3. Khangchendzonga, Sikkim
4. Dehang-Debang, Arunachal Pradesh
5. Manas, Assam
6. Dibru-Saikhowa, Assam
7. Nokrek, Meghalaya
8. Panna, Madhya Pradesh
9. Pachmarhi, Madhya Pradesh
10. Achanakmar-Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh-Chhattisgarh
11. Kachchh, Gujarat (Largest Area)
12. Similipal, Odisha
13. Sundarban, West Bengal
14. Seshachalam, Andhra Pradesh
15. Agasthyamala, Karnataka-Tamil Nadu-Kerala
16. Nilgiri, Tamil Nadu-Kerala (First to be Included)
17. Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu
18. Great Nicobar, Andaman & Nicobar Island
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โ Image credit - Edubaba
โ Biosphere Reserve (BR) is an international designation by UNESCO for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large area of terrestrial or coastal/ marine ecosystems or a combination thereof.
โ There are 18 Biosphere Reserves in the country.
1. Cold Desert, Himachal Pradesh
2. Nanda Devi, Uttrakhand
3. Khangchendzonga, Sikkim
4. Dehang-Debang, Arunachal Pradesh
5. Manas, Assam
6. Dibru-Saikhowa, Assam
7. Nokrek, Meghalaya
8. Panna, Madhya Pradesh
9. Pachmarhi, Madhya Pradesh
10. Achanakmar-Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh-Chhattisgarh
11. Kachchh, Gujarat (Largest Area)
12. Similipal, Odisha
13. Sundarban, West Bengal
14. Seshachalam, Andhra Pradesh
15. Agasthyamala, Karnataka-Tamil Nadu-Kerala
16. Nilgiri, Tamil Nadu-Kerala (First to be Included)
17. Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu
18. Great Nicobar, Andaman & Nicobar Island
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#Hills_Range
#Satpura_Range
โช๏ธSatpura Range
โช๏ธThe range rises in eastern Gujarat state running east through the border of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh to the east till Chhattisgarh
โช๏ธHighest peak: Dhupgarh (1350m ) near pachmarhi on mahadev hills Madhya pradesh
โช๏ธ Amarkantak 1127m is another important peak hill
โช๏ธRivers: Narmada, Tapti
โช๏ธIt is a Horst mountain flanked by Narmada Graben and Tapi Graben
โช๏ธJOIN๐
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#Satpura_Range
โช๏ธSatpura Range
โช๏ธThe range rises in eastern Gujarat state running east through the border of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh to the east till Chhattisgarh
โช๏ธHighest peak: Dhupgarh (1350m ) near pachmarhi on mahadev hills Madhya pradesh
โช๏ธ Amarkantak 1127m is another important peak hill
โช๏ธRivers: Narmada, Tapti
โช๏ธIt is a Horst mountain flanked by Narmada Graben and Tapi Graben
โช๏ธJOIN๐
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#international_border
IndianState/ Union territory share border with China..
The entire China-Indian border (including the western LAC, the small undisputed section in the centre, and the McMahon Line in the east) is 4,056 km (2,520 mi) long and traverses
one Indian union territory,
And four Indian states
1) Ladakh, and
2) Uttarakhand,
3) Himachal Pradesh,
4) Sikkim,
5) Arunachal Pradesh.
@mapping_India_World_Upsc
IndianState/ Union territory share border with China..
The entire China-Indian border (including the western LAC, the small undisputed section in the centre, and the McMahon Line in the east) is 4,056 km (2,520 mi) long and traverses
one Indian union territory,
And four Indian states
1) Ladakh, and
2) Uttarakhand,
3) Himachal Pradesh,
4) Sikkim,
5) Arunachal Pradesh.
@mapping_India_World_Upsc
๐West Flowing Rivers of Peninsular India๐
๐Narmada
Located mainly in Madhya Pradesh.
It is also known as the Rewa River.
Originated from Maikala range near Amarkantak.
Flows through Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra.
Major Hydro Power Projects: Maheshwar Dam, Sardar Sarovar Dam, and Indira Gandhi Sagar Dam.
๐Tapti/Tapi River
It originates from the Multai reserve forest.
The river is flowing through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.
Kakrapar Dam, Ukai Dam, Girna Dam are the major projects.
๐Mahi
Originates from Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh.
Flows through Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat and drains in the Gulf of Cambay.
Mahi Bajaj Sagar dam and Kadana Dam are the major Hydro Power stations situated on this river.
๐Sabarmati River
Sabarmati River is a combination of two streams the Sabar and Hathmati.
The river is flowing through Rajasthan
โก๏ธothers : Luni
โก๏ธTawa
โก๏ธSharavati
โฆ๏ธJOIN๐ @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
๐Narmada
Located mainly in Madhya Pradesh.
It is also known as the Rewa River.
Originated from Maikala range near Amarkantak.
Flows through Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra.
Major Hydro Power Projects: Maheshwar Dam, Sardar Sarovar Dam, and Indira Gandhi Sagar Dam.
๐Tapti/Tapi River
It originates from the Multai reserve forest.
The river is flowing through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.
Kakrapar Dam, Ukai Dam, Girna Dam are the major projects.
๐Mahi
Originates from Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh.
Flows through Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat and drains in the Gulf of Cambay.
Mahi Bajaj Sagar dam and Kadana Dam are the major Hydro Power stations situated on this river.
๐Sabarmati River
Sabarmati River is a combination of two streams the Sabar and Hathmati.
The river is flowing through Rajasthan
โก๏ธothers : Luni
โก๏ธTawa
โก๏ธSharavati
โฆ๏ธJOIN๐ @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
๐ฐSchengen Area๐ฐ
โก๏ธ The Worldโs Largest Visa Free Zone
โก๏ธ Schengen Area, signifies a zone where 26 European countries, abolished their internal borders, for the free and unrestricted movement of people, in harmony with common rules for controlling external borders and fighting criminality by strengthening the common judicial system and police cooperation.
โก๏ธ Schengen Area covers most of the EU countries, except Ireland and the countries that are soon to be part of: Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia and Cyprus. Although not members of the EU, countries like: Norway, Iceland, Switzerland and Lichtenstein are also part of the Schengen zone.
โฆ๏ธJOIN๐ @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
โก๏ธ The Worldโs Largest Visa Free Zone
โก๏ธ Schengen Area, signifies a zone where 26 European countries, abolished their internal borders, for the free and unrestricted movement of people, in harmony with common rules for controlling external borders and fighting criminality by strengthening the common judicial system and police cooperation.
โก๏ธ Schengen Area covers most of the EU countries, except Ireland and the countries that are soon to be part of: Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia and Cyprus. Although not members of the EU, countries like: Norway, Iceland, Switzerland and Lichtenstein are also part of the Schengen zone.
โฆ๏ธJOIN๐ @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
Forwarded from INDIA & WORLD MAP GEOGRAPHY UPSC
#Sea
Mediterranean Sea
1) African countries- METAL
( Morocco, Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya);
2) Asian countries- C.LIST
( Cyprus, Lebanon, Israel, Syria, Turkey );
3) European countries-
MAMMI.G.SC.BSF ( Mammi G Salutes Commander of BSF)
Malta, Albania, Monocco, Montenegro, Italy, Greece, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia Herzegovina, Spain, France.
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Mediterranean Sea
1) African countries- METAL
( Morocco, Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya);
2) Asian countries- C.LIST
( Cyprus, Lebanon, Israel, Syria, Turkey );
3) European countries-
MAMMI.G.SC.BSF ( Mammi G Salutes Commander of BSF)
Malta, Albania, Monocco, Montenegro, Italy, Greece, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia Herzegovina, Spain, France.
Join ๐ @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
Forwarded from INDIA & WORLD MAP GEOGRAPHY UPSC
Explanation: Shark Bay is a World Heritage Site in Western Australia.
Shark Bay has the largest known area of seagrass. Shark Bay is especially vulnerable to future climate change, given that the temperate seagrass that underpins the entire ecosystem is already living at the upper edge of its tolerable temperature range.
The Tasman Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand.
Significance: Shark Bay: A World Heritage Site at catastrophic risk. A 2018 workshop classified Shark Bay as being in the highest category of vulnerability to future climate change. And yet relatively little media attention and research funding has been paid to this World Heritage Site that is on the precipice.
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Shark Bay has the largest known area of seagrass. Shark Bay is especially vulnerable to future climate change, given that the temperate seagrass that underpins the entire ecosystem is already living at the upper edge of its tolerable temperature range.
The Tasman Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand.
Significance: Shark Bay: A World Heritage Site at catastrophic risk. A 2018 workshop classified Shark Bay as being in the highest category of vulnerability to future climate change. And yet relatively little media attention and research funding has been paid to this World Heritage Site that is on the precipice.
JOIN US - @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
โ
Eastern Ghats
Image credit : Edubaba
โช๏ธ Eastern Ghats are Discontinuos range of Mountains on eastern coast of India.
โช๏ธ Running from Northern Odisha, through Andhra Pradesh to Tamilnadu and some parts of Karnataka.
โช๏ธ Eastern Ghats are Eroded and Cut through by four major rivers of peninsula i.e Godavari, mahanadi, krishna and Kaveri
โช๏ธ The coastal plains of Eastern Ghats are more wider than that of Western Ghats.
โช๏ธ Both Western and Eastern Ghats meets in the Nilgiri Hills range which is situated at the boundary of three states i.e Karnataka, Kerala and Tamilnadu.
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Image credit : Edubaba
โช๏ธ Eastern Ghats are Discontinuos range of Mountains on eastern coast of India.
โช๏ธ Running from Northern Odisha, through Andhra Pradesh to Tamilnadu and some parts of Karnataka.
โช๏ธ Eastern Ghats are Eroded and Cut through by four major rivers of peninsula i.e Godavari, mahanadi, krishna and Kaveri
โช๏ธ The coastal plains of Eastern Ghats are more wider than that of Western Ghats.
โช๏ธ Both Western and Eastern Ghats meets in the Nilgiri Hills range which is situated at the boundary of three states i.e Karnataka, Kerala and Tamilnadu.
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โช๏ธ Israel Land border disputes
- Gaza strip : Israel + Egypt
- West Bank : Israel + Jordan
- Golan Heights : Israel + Syria
โ Golan Heights has been asked several times in prelims earlier.
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- Gaza strip : Israel + Egypt
- West Bank : Israel + Jordan
- Golan Heights : Israel + Syria
โ Golan Heights has been asked several times in prelims earlier.
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Forwarded from INDIA & WORLD MAP GEOGRAPHY UPSC
#Straits
Strait of Hormuz
โช๏ธ It is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman.
โช๏ธ It provides the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean and is one of the world's most strategically important choke points.
Join ๐ @Upsc_Geography_Mapping
Strait of Hormuz
โช๏ธ It is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman.
โช๏ธ It provides the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean and is one of the world's most strategically important choke points.
Join ๐ @Upsc_Geography_Mapping
Forwarded from INDIA & WORLD MAP GEOGRAPHY UPSC
#straits
Strait of hormuz
When a body of water such as a strait is capable of being blocked or even closed in order to control transportation routes, the body is called a โchoke point.โ
The Strait of Hormuz has become an important choke point in recent years because of increasing Middle East tensions.
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Strait of hormuz
When a body of water such as a strait is capable of being blocked or even closed in order to control transportation routes, the body is called a โchoke point.โ
The Strait of Hormuz has become an important choke point in recent years because of increasing Middle East tensions.
Join ๐ @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
Forwarded from INDIA & WORLD MAP GEOGRAPHY UPSC
#Hills_Mountains_peaks
Dodabetta
โช๏ธDoddabetta is the highest mountain in the Nilgiri Mountains at 2,637 metres (8,652 feet)
โช๏ธ It is the fourth highest peak in South India next to Anamudi, Mannamalai and Meesapulimala.
โช๏ธ Location : Udagamandalam, Nilgiri District, Tamilnadu
โช๏ธ Parent range : Nilgiri Hills
โช๏ธThe area surrounding Doddabetta is mostly forested. Sholas cover the hollows of its slopes
Join : @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
Dodabetta
โช๏ธDoddabetta is the highest mountain in the Nilgiri Mountains at 2,637 metres (8,652 feet)
โช๏ธ It is the fourth highest peak in South India next to Anamudi, Mannamalai and Meesapulimala.
โช๏ธ Location : Udagamandalam, Nilgiri District, Tamilnadu
โช๏ธ Parent range : Nilgiri Hills
โช๏ธThe area surrounding Doddabetta is mostly forested. Sholas cover the hollows of its slopes
Join : @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
Forwarded from INDIA & WORLD MAP GEOGRAPHY UPSC
#Hills_Mountains_Peaks
Aravalli Range (Hills)
โช๏ธThe Aravalli Range is a mountain range in Northwestern India, running approximately 692 km in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Gujarat.
โช๏ธ The highest peak is Guru Shikhar (Mount Abu) at 1,722 metres (5,650 ft).
โช๏ธRivers passing : Banas, Luni, Sakhi and Sabarmati
โช๏ธ "The Great Green Wall of Aravalli" is a 1,600 km long and 5 km wide green ecological corridor along Aravalli range from Gujarat to Delhi
Aravali is home to very diverse and rich flora and fauna
Join : @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
Aravalli Range (Hills)
โช๏ธThe Aravalli Range is a mountain range in Northwestern India, running approximately 692 km in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Gujarat.
โช๏ธ The highest peak is Guru Shikhar (Mount Abu) at 1,722 metres (5,650 ft).
โช๏ธRivers passing : Banas, Luni, Sakhi and Sabarmati
โช๏ธ "The Great Green Wall of Aravalli" is a 1,600 km long and 5 km wide green ecological corridor along Aravalli range from Gujarat to Delhi
Aravali is home to very diverse and rich flora and fauna
Join : @Mapping_India_World_Upsc
#New_Series
1. India - Bangladesh
โช๏ธIndia and Bangladesh share 4096.7 km. of border, which is the longest land boundary that India shares with any of its neighbours.
โช๏ธThis boundary has been determined under the Radcliffe Award which divided the erstwhile province of Bengal into two parts.
โช๏ธAssam, Tripura, Mizoram, Meghalaya, and West Bengal share the India-Bangladesh border.
โช๏ธBangladesh is a low-lying country. A fifth of Bangladeshโs territory is likely to go under water if sea levels rise by one meter. And, this is expected to happen by the end of this century.
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1. India - Bangladesh
โช๏ธIndia and Bangladesh share 4096.7 km. of border, which is the longest land boundary that India shares with any of its neighbours.
โช๏ธThis boundary has been determined under the Radcliffe Award which divided the erstwhile province of Bengal into two parts.
โช๏ธAssam, Tripura, Mizoram, Meghalaya, and West Bengal share the India-Bangladesh border.
โช๏ธBangladesh is a low-lying country. A fifth of Bangladeshโs territory is likely to go under water if sea levels rise by one meter. And, this is expected to happen by the end of this century.
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โฆ๏ธ Chabahar Port โฆ๏ธ
โช๏ธIn Headlines: Iran has dropped India from the Chabahar rail project.
โช๏ธMore on News: In 2016, India and Iran had signed an agreement to construct a rail line from Chabahar port to Zahedan. Now Iran has started the development of the rail line on its own.
โช๏ธChabahar port is located in the Gulf of Oman, near Iranโs border with Pakistan.
โช๏ธIt is the only major Oceanic port of Iran that lies beyond the Strait of Hormuz and has direct access to the Indian Ocean.
โช๏ธIt connects to Afghanistan at the Zaranj and Deleram highway.
โช๏ธThe port serves as the nearest port entry, after Pakistani ports, for India into Central Asia.
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โช๏ธIn Headlines: Iran has dropped India from the Chabahar rail project.
โช๏ธMore on News: In 2016, India and Iran had signed an agreement to construct a rail line from Chabahar port to Zahedan. Now Iran has started the development of the rail line on its own.
โช๏ธChabahar port is located in the Gulf of Oman, near Iranโs border with Pakistan.
โช๏ธIt is the only major Oceanic port of Iran that lies beyond the Strait of Hormuz and has direct access to the Indian Ocean.
โช๏ธIt connects to Afghanistan at the Zaranj and Deleram highway.
โช๏ธThe port serves as the nearest port entry, after Pakistani ports, for India into Central Asia.
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IMPORTANT PASSES BETWEEN INDIA - CHINA
๐ด Jammu and Kashmir
Mintaka Pass
Parpik Pass
Khunjerab Pass
Aghil Pass
Chang-La
Lanak La
Qara Tag La
Imis La
๐ Himachal Pradesh
Shipki La
๐ก Uttarakhand
Lipu Lekh
Mana Pass
Mangsha Dhura
Niti Pass
Muling La
๐ข Sikkim
Nathu La
Naku La
๐ต Arunachal Pardesh
Dipher Pass
Yonggyap Pass
Bum La
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๐ด Jammu and Kashmir
Mintaka Pass
Parpik Pass
Khunjerab Pass
Aghil Pass
Chang-La
Lanak La
Qara Tag La
Imis La
๐ Himachal Pradesh
Shipki La
๐ก Uttarakhand
Lipu Lekh
Mana Pass
Mangsha Dhura
Niti Pass
Muling La
๐ข Sikkim
Nathu La
Naku La
๐ต Arunachal Pardesh
Dipher Pass
Yonggyap Pass
Bum La
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๐ฐTricks to Remember๐ฐ
โข Caspian Sea = TARIK (Turkmenistan , Azerbaizan, Russia, Iran ,Kazakhstan)
โข Black Sea = GURR BuT ( Georgia, Ukraine ,Russia , Romania , Bulgaria , Turkey)
โข RED SEA = DESSEY ( Djibouti ,Eritea , Saudi Arabia ,Sudan, Egypt, Yemen )
โข ARAL SEA = UK ( UZBEKISTAN AND KAZAKHSTAN)
โข SEA OF AZOV = UR ( UKRAIN AND RUSSIA)
โข BALTIC SEA = RuDe Germany SELL Poland and Finland. (Russia , Denmark , Germany , Sweden, Estonia , Latvia , Lithuvania , Poland and Finland)
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โข Caspian Sea = TARIK (Turkmenistan , Azerbaizan, Russia, Iran ,Kazakhstan)
โข Black Sea = GURR BuT ( Georgia, Ukraine ,Russia , Romania , Bulgaria , Turkey)
โข RED SEA = DESSEY ( Djibouti ,Eritea , Saudi Arabia ,Sudan, Egypt, Yemen )
โข ARAL SEA = UK ( UZBEKISTAN AND KAZAKHSTAN)
โข SEA OF AZOV = UR ( UKRAIN AND RUSSIA)
โข BALTIC SEA = RuDe Germany SELL Poland and Finland. (Russia , Denmark , Germany , Sweden, Estonia , Latvia , Lithuvania , Poland and Finland)
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Antarctica map
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Political map of Asia
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