INDIA & WORLD MAP GEOGRAPHY UPSC
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FORDOW FUEL ENRICHMENT PLANT (FFEP)

According to satellite images, Iran has begun construction on a site at its underground nuclear facility at Fordow amid tensions with the U.S. over its atomic programme.

Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant (FFEP) is an Iranian underground uranium enrichment facility located 20 miles northeast of the Iranian city of Qom, near Fordow village.

It is the second Iranian uranium enrichment facility, the other one being that of Natanz.

Iran has not publicly acknowledged any new construction at Fordow, whose discovery by the West in 2009 came in an earlier round of brinkmanship before world powers struck the 2015 nuclear deal with Tehran.

While the purpose of the building remains unclear, any work at Fordow will likely trigger new concern in the waning days of the Trump administration before the inauguration of U.S. President-elect Joe Biden.

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#Straits

Bab - el - Mandeb Strait


โ–ช๏ธ Joins Red Sea and Gulf of Aden and Indian ocean

โ–ช๏ธ Between Yemen and Djibouti, one of the important choke points

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โ™ฆ๏ธ Al-Aqsa Mosque

Recently, Israeli armed forces entered Al-Aqsa Mosque in the Haram esh-Sharif in Jerusalem, ahead of a march by Zionist nationalists commemorating Israelโ€™s capture of the eastern half of the city in 1967.

Al-Aqsa Mosque-

It is one of the holiest structures in the Islamic faith. It sits inside a 35-acre site known by Muslims as Haram al-Sharif, or the Noble Sanctuary, and by Jews as the Temple Mount.

It is 3rd holiest site in Islam.

The site is part of the Old City of Jerusalem, sacred to Christians, Jews and Muslims.

It is believed to have been completed early in the eighth century and faces the Dome of the Rock, the golden-domed Islamic shrine that is a widely recognized symbol of Jerusalem.

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO, has classified the Old City of Jerusalem and its walls as a World Heritage Site.

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โœ…The Sigur Elephant Corridor, the only one of its kind connecting Western and the Eastern Ghats and facilitating easy movement of about 6,300 Asiatic elephants from Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka, is set to be implemented in Nilgiri district of Tamil Nadu following a favorable Supreme Court verdict.

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โ–ช๏ธElephant corridors in India

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#Places_in_news

โ–ช๏ธSagarmala Seaplane Services

โ™ฆ๏ธTo be launched by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways.

โ™ฆ๏ธIt will be launched under a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) framework through prospective airline operators.

The project execution and implementation would be through the Sagarmala Development Company Ltd (SDCL), which is under the administrative control of the Ministry.

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#Straits

Sunda Strait


โ–ช๏ธ The Sunda Strait is the strait between the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra.

โ–ช๏ธ It connects the Java Sea to the Indian Ocean.

โ–ช๏ธ Anak Krakatau, volcano which erupted recently is located on this strait.

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#Straits

Bass Strait


โ–ช๏ธ Bass Strait, channel separating Victoria, Australia, from the island of Tasmania on the south.

โ–ช๏ธ Connecting Tasman sea on the west and Indian Ocean in the east.

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#Straits

Cook Strait

โ–ช๏ธ Cook Strait is a strait that separates the North and South Islands of New Zealand.

โ–ช๏ธ It connects the Tasman Sea on the northwest with the South Pacific Ocean on the southeast, and runs next to the capital city, Wellington and Picton.

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โ™ฆ๏ธ Palk Bay

โ™ฆ๏ธ Palk Strait

โ™ฆ๏ธ Gulf of Mannar

โ™ฆ๏ธ Adamโ€™s Bridge

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โฌ›๏ธGeographically, there are 3 Scandinavian countries

โ™ฆ๏ธ(Denmark, Sweden, and Norway). Culturally, there are 6 Scandinavian countries Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Iceland, Finland and The Faroe Islands.

โ™ฆ๏ธIn the current scenario, while the term 'Scandinavia' is commonly used for Denmark, Norway and Sweden, the term"Nordic countries" is vaguely used for Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland, including their associated territories of Greenland, the Faroe Islands and the ร…land Islands.

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#National_Park

Neora Valley National Park

โ–ช๏ธ Situated in the Kalimpong District of West Bengal.

โ–ช๏ธ one of the richest biological zones in the entire Eastern India

โ–ช๏ธ Neora Valley National Park is the Natural Habitat of Red panda

โ–ช๏ธ The forest in Neora Valley has such luxurious growth that even sunlight finds it difficult to touch the ground.

โ–ช๏ธ It borders Sikkim and Bhutan.

โ–ช๏ธ The forests consists of mixed species like rhododendron, bamboo, oak, ferns, sal, etc.

โ–ช๏ธ Fauna : Indian leopard, Red panda, Sloth bear, Asiatic golden cat, goral, sambar deer etc.

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#Hills_Mountains_Peaks

Siwalik Hills


โ–ช๏ธAlso known as Churia Hills

โ–ช๏ธIn some Sanskrit texts, the region is called Manak Parbat.

โ–ช๏ธSivalik region is home to the Soanian archaeological culture

โ–ช๏ธThey have many subranges and extend west from Arunachal Pradesh through Bhutan to West Bengal, and further westward through Nepal (here known as Churia Hills) and Uttarakhand, continuing into Himachal Pradesh and Kashmir. 

โ–ช๏ธPeople of the Lepcha tribe inhabit the Sikkim and Darjeeling areas.

โ–ช๏ธ The Indian Navy's Shivalik-class frigate is named after these ranges.

Learn Important rivers passing through the siwalik Hills

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#International_Organizations
#Trick_Mnemonic

Trick to Remember ASEAN Countries---

Those who pass MBBS watch PTV and buy LIC policy.

MBBS PTV LIC

M- Malaysia

B- Brunei

B- Burma

S- Singapore

P- Phillipines

T- Thailand

V- Vietnam

L- Laos

I- Indonesia

C - Cambodia

Total= 10 countries

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#Places_in_News

Silver line semi high speed rail project

It involves laying of semi high-speed trains between the two corners of the state of Kerala.

It is 532- km long. The corridor will be built away from the existing line between Thiruvananthapuram and Thrissur.

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#Places_in_News

โ–ช๏ธ Taiwan

In Headlines: US has backed participation of Taiwan at the United Nations.

Taiwan is an East Asian nation located to the east of China and to the North of the Philippines.

Japan is located to its northeast, Philippines to its South.

Seas: East China Sea to its north, South China Sea to its southwest, Pacific Ocean to the Southeast. [ Remember Exactly ]

Straits: Luzon Strait to its south, while Taiwan strait between China and Taiwan.

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#Places_in_news

MIGINGO ISLAND

Migingo is a small rock Island, located in Lake Victoria which is the largest lake in Africa and the largest Tropical Lake in the whole world.

It is half the size of a football pitch.
It is extremely densely populated.

The island was the center of a low-level territorial dispute between Kenya and Uganda. Recently, Uganda and Kenya agreed for the formation of a commission to look into disputed Miningo Island.

Main bone of contention is the fishing rights in Lake Victoria which is the largest lake of Africa and largest tropical lake of the world too.

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#Lakes_and_dams

Loktak lake

โ–ช๏ธLoktak Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Northeastern state of Manipur, India 

โ–ช๏ธLake is famous for Phumdis,
Located on this phumdi, Keibul Lamjao National Park is the only floating national park in the world.

โ–ช๏ธ The park is the last natural refuge of the endangered Sangai or Manipur brown-antlered deer 

โ–ช๏ธ Designated as Ramsar site in 1990 and was also in the Montreux record

โ–ช๏ธ Loktak Lake is fed by the Manipur river and several tributaries and โ€˜Ungamel Channelโ€™ (Ithai Barrage) is its only outlet now.

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#map

Tricks to Remember !!

United Kingdom

UK is made of WINES

W- Wales

IN- Ireland north

E- England

S- Scotland

#Trick_Mnemonic

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