Check your exit exam result.
https://result.ethernet.edu.et/resultCheck your exit exam result.
https://result.ethernet.edu.et/result

ለወንድ ቆንጆ ለማለት ፦

🧪 𝐒𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧 𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐬
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
Semen analysis is one of the most important laboratory investigations used to evaluate male fertility and reproductive health. It involves the examination of semen to assess sperm count, motility, morphology, and other physical and microscopic characteristics.


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

📌 Definition

Semen analysis is a laboratory test performed to examine the quality and quantity of semen and sperm cells in order to evaluate male reproductive function.


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

🎯 Objectives of Semen Analysis

✅ To evaluate male infertility
✅ To determine sperm count and motility
✅ To assess sperm morphology
✅ To detect infections in the reproductive tract
✅ To confirm success of vasectomy
✅ To evaluate reproductive gland function


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

🧬 Composition of Semen

Semen is composed of:

Spermatozoa from testes

Seminal vesicle secretions

Prostatic fluid

Bulbourethral gland secretions



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

📋 Patient Preparation

Proper patient preparation is essential for accurate results.

Instructions to the Patient.

Maintain sexual abstinence for 2–7 days.

Avoid alcohol and smoking before the test.

Collect the sample in a sterile container.

Do not use lubricants or condoms.

Deliver the sample to the laboratory within 30–60 minutes.

Entire semen sample should be collected.



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

🧪 Collection of Semen Sample

Method of Collection

The semen sample is usually collected by:

✅ Masturbation into a sterile wide-mouthed container

Precautions

Container must be clean and sterile.

Sample should be kept at body temperature.

Label the container properly.

Avoid contamination.



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

🔍 Examination of Semen

Semen examination includes:

1. Physical Examination


2. Microscopic Examination


3. Chemical Examination




━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1️⃣ Physical Examination

A. Volume

The total amount of semen ejaculated is measured.

Normal Value

✅ 1.5 – 6 mL

Clinical Significance

Low volume → Obstruction or hormonal deficiency

High volume → Infection or inflammation



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

B. Color

Normal Color

✅ Grayish white or opalescent

Abnormal Findings

Yellow → Infection

Red/Brown → Blood in semen

Clear → Low sperm count



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

C. Odor

Normal

Semen has a characteristic chlorine-like odor.

Abnormal odor may indicate infection.


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

D. Viscosity

Fresh semen is thick and coagulated initially.

Normal

Liquefies within 15–30 minutes

Delayed liquefaction may indicate prostate gland disorder.


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

E. pH

Measured using pH paper.

Normal Range

✅ 7.2 – 8.0

Significance

Acidic pH → Seminal vesicle obstruction

Alkaline pH → Infection



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

2️⃣ Microscopic Examination

A. Sperm Count

Determined using a hemocytometer or automated analyzer.

Normal Value

✅ 15 million sperm/mL or more

Abnormal Conditions

Oligospermia → Low sperm count

Azoospermia → Absence of sperm

Polyzoospermia → Excessive sperm count



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

B. Sperm Motility

Motility indicates the movement ability of sperm.

Types of Motility

1. Progressive motility


2. Non-progressive motility


3. Immotile sperm



Normal Value

✅ At least 40% motile sperm

Clinical Importance

Low motility is called:

➡️ Asthenozoospermia


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

C. Sperm Morphology

Shape and structure of sperm are examined microscopically.

Normal Sperm Structure

Oval head

Intact midpiece

Long tail


Abnormal Forms

Double head

Bent tail

Large or small head


Normal Value

✅ 4% or more normal forms

Abnormal morphology is called:

➡️ Teratozoospermia


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

D. Viability Test

Determines live and dead sperm percentage.

Normal Value

✅ 58% or more live sperm

Dead sperm condition is called:

➡️ Necrozoospermia


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

E. Other Cells

Presence of:

Pus cells → Infection

RBCs → Bleeding

Epithelial cells → Contamination

📢 Follow for more Laboratory Notes

📌 Telegram: @laboratorypractice

▶ YouTube:  http://youtube.com/@laboratorypractice

📖 Read. Practice. Share.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

3️⃣ Chemical Examination

Chemical tests may include:

Fructose test

Zinc estimation

Acid phosphatase


These help evaluate accessory gland function.


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

📄 Example of Normal Semen Report

Parameter Normal Value

Volume 1.5 – 6 mL
Color Grayish white
pH 7.2 – 8.0
Liquefaction Time 15 – 30 min
Sperm Count ≥15 million/mL
Motility ≥40%
Morphology ≥4% normal forms
Viability ≥58% live sperm



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

⚠️ Important Terminologies

Term Meaning

Oligospermia Low sperm count
Azoospermia No sperm present
Asthenozoospermia Poor sperm motility
Teratozoospermia Abnormal sperm morphology
Necrozoospermia Dead sperm cells present



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

🩺 Clinical Significance of Semen Analysis

Semen analysis helps in:

✅ Diagnosis of male infertility
✅ Evaluation of reproductive gland function
✅ Detection of genital tract infection
✅ Monitoring fertility treatment
✅ Post-vasectomy evaluation


━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

❌ Causes of Abnormal Semen Analysis

Smoking and alcohol

Hormonal imbalance

Varicocele

Genital infections

Testicular disorders

Poor lifestyle

Nutritional deficiencies



━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

📌 Telegram: @laboratorypractice

▶ YouTube:  http://youtube.com/@laboratorypractice

📖 Read. Practice. Share.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

https://zoom.us/j/8956532670?omn=87174273875#success

EMLA meeting 🤝

💫Hot Educational Channel💫

ANNOUNCEMENT

📣 CALL FOR ADMIN @laboratorypractice (6K subscribers)

We’re looking for 1 motivated, recent graduate to join @laboratorypractice as an admin. If you are competent, passionate about guiding students, and ready to share practical habits and clear direction for success (exam prep, exit prep, daily motivation), we want you!

Requirements:

• Recent graduate (MLS or related), competent and professional 

• Motivated mentor who shows, not just tells — shares steps that worked for them 

• Able to post 1 high-quality, edited item per day (no bulk posting) 

• Excellent communication and basic editing skills (text + image/video) 

• Respectful, responsible, and active in responding to students

How to apply:

Send your CV and 1 sample post idea to @Yer_tech on Telegram. Include your name, graduation details, and a short sentence on how you’ll help students succeed.

የቱ Subject ይከብዳል?

📢 Dear @laboratorypractice Family, We Need Your Support! 🔬✨

To help you grow in your professional journey, we are expanding our daily activities! We are now posting high-quality, short videos on our YouTube Channel, focusing on:
✅ Practical Lab Procedures (Step-by-step visual guides)
✅ Quick MCQ Challenges (To help you ace your exams)
✅ Daily Lab Tips & Tricks

How you can support us:
Even if you don't watch YouTube daily, your subscription means the world to us. It takes just 2 seconds, but it gives our team the encouragement and energy to keep creating free, high-quality content for the MLS community.

Your support is the fuel that keeps this platform running! 🚀


👇 Click the link below and hit SUBSCRIBE to support us:
👇

👉 youtube.com/@laboratorypractice 👈

Thank you for being the best part of this journey! ❤️

How old are you?

Approach to Anemia

📌 Telegram: @laboratorypractice

▶ YouTube:  http://youtube.com/@laboratorypractice

📖 Read. Practice. Share.

Common Laboratory Finding in the Diffrantial Diagnosis of Microcytic Anemia
📌 Telegram: @laboratorypractice

▶ YouTube:  http://youtube.com/@laboratorypractice

📖 Read. Practice. Share.

Approach to Thrombocytopenia

Blood Products Transfusion

📌 Telegram: @laboratorypractice

▶ YouTube:  http://youtube.com/@laboratorypractice

📖 Read. Practice. Share.

Approach to Anemia in Children

📌 Telegram: @laboratorypractice

▶ YouTube:  http://youtube.com/@laboratorypractice

📖 Read. Practice. Share.

Physical Examination Findings in the Evaluation of Anemia

📌 Telegram: @laboratorypractice

▶ YouTube:  http://youtube.com/@laboratorypractice

📖 Read. Practice. Share.

​ VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT |
Hiring Org: ​Amen Diagnostic Laboratory Center

🚑 Address: Arsi Assela, Oromia region

​Position: Medical Laboratory Technologist
• ​Gender: Male
• ​Required No: 01
• ​Qualification: BSc
• ​Experience: minimum 1 year and above.
• Salary: Negotiable

Required Skills:
• Who works in the Diagnostic Laboratory Center, Specialty Center and Hospitals
• Who is able to operate various laboratory machines independently
​
​How to Apply:
​Interested and qualified applicants can apply directly by contacting us via
0926540536

Telegram: @laboratorypractice

▶ YouTube:  http://youtube.com/@laboratorypractice

📖 Read. Practice. Share.