1 Chapter one _ Anatomy and Physiology of Urinary Systems.pdf
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Urine and body fluids analysis ppt
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Synovial Fluid.pptx
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Tissue processing.pptx
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Histopathology ppt
Tissue sectioning (2).pptx
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Chapt 3 Electrochemical Tech.pdf
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Instrumentation ppt
Chapt 1 Micropipette operation.pdf
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Instrumentation ppt
Instrumentation ppt
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Human organ live after death.
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π¨ Gatiin Ol Aanaa! Old Telegram Groups Ni Bitta! π° Don't Miss Out! π―
π¦Old group gatii ajaa'ibaan bitamaa jira! Har'a carraa kanatti fayyadamaa!
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What We Want: Old, ACTIVE Chat Groups! π¬
β’ Years:
β’ π 2016-2021 π (some Groups)
β’ π 2022 π (1 Group)
β’ π 2023 π (some Groups)
β’ π 2024 π (10Groups+ / Jan-Apr)
* π Jan β‘οΈ [π]
* π Feb β‘οΈ [π]
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Must Have: π
β’ Full Chat History: (Date of Creation MUST be visible! π )
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β’ Contact: β‘οΈ @Yer_tech @Yer_tech @Yer_tech β¬ οΈ
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Weβre bringing new tech from across the earth!
β’ @web_technology1 π
We help the users gain new skills
Fast Action Required! π₯ Don't wait - these deals won't last long! β³ Inbox Now!
π¦Old group gatii ajaa'ibaan bitamaa jira! Har'a carraa kanatti fayyadamaa!
πΈWe're buying old Telegram groups at AMAZING prices! Today is your chance! π₯
What We Want: Old, ACTIVE Chat Groups! π¬
β’ Years:
β’ π 2016-2021 π (some Groups)
β’ π 2022 π (1 Group)
β’ π 2023 π (some Groups)
β’ π 2024 π (10Groups+ / Jan-Apr)
* π Jan β‘οΈ [π]
* π Feb β‘οΈ [π]
* π March β‘οΈ [π]
* π April β‘οΈ [π]
Must Have: π
β’ Full Chat History: (Date of Creation MUST be visible! π )
Sell Your Telegram Group Today! π€
β’ Contact: β‘οΈ @Yer_tech @Yer_tech @Yer_tech β¬ οΈ
*
Check Out Our Awesome Channels! β¨
β’ @laboratorypractice π¬π§πΌβπ¬
Weβre bringing new tech from across the earth!
β’ @web_technology1 π
We help the users gain new skills
Fast Action Required! π₯ Don't wait - these deals won't last long! β³ Inbox Now!
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π¬ The Greatest Challenge in the Medical Lab? Ourselves! π¬
It's not competition from other fields, but the part of us that settles for less. π ββοΈ When "good enough" becomes the standard, we limit our potential & impact on patient lives. π
π Being a Medical Laboratory Scientist is MORE than just running tests! It's about:
β’ π Lifelong Learning: π‘
β’ π» Mastering New Tech: βοΈ
β’ π― Continuous Improvement: π
β’ β Accurate & Reliable Results: π― (Every result guides critical decisions!)
Excellence is a RESPONSIBILITY, not an option! π
π°οΈ Yes, it demands dedication, long hours, & attention to detail. BUT...
β€οΈ It offers the extraordinary chance to be:
β’ π€« Unseen but Essential
β’ π Quietly Serving
β’ π Making a Profound Difference
π Growth NEVER stops! Reject complacency & strive daily to be better. πͺ
π« The real obstacle? Internal comfort! ποΈ The best version of YOU is ahead! β¨ Our patients deserve nothing less. π
π Share this link with your lab friends! Let's grow the @Laboratorypractice community together! π
It's not competition from other fields, but the part of us that settles for less. π ββοΈ When "good enough" becomes the standard, we limit our potential & impact on patient lives. π
π Being a Medical Laboratory Scientist is MORE than just running tests! It's about:
β’ π Lifelong Learning: π‘
β’ π» Mastering New Tech: βοΈ
β’ π― Continuous Improvement: π
β’ β Accurate & Reliable Results: π― (Every result guides critical decisions!)
Excellence is a RESPONSIBILITY, not an option! π
π°οΈ Yes, it demands dedication, long hours, & attention to detail. BUT...
β€οΈ It offers the extraordinary chance to be:
β’ π€« Unseen but Essential
β’ π Quietly Serving
β’ π Making a Profound Difference
π Growth NEVER stops! Reject complacency & strive daily to be better. πͺ
π« The real obstacle? Internal comfort! ποΈ The best version of YOU is ahead! β¨ Our patients deserve nothing less. π
π Share this link with your lab friends! Let's grow the @Laboratorypractice community together! π
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α΅α©α΅ α¨αα€α΅ αα α¨αα³ααα α΅α ααα₯ α»ααα½ ααα₯ααΉ α΅αα³ααΉα’
κ±α΄©α΄Ι΄κ±oreα΄
ΚΚ @Model_Exam
α΅α©α΅ α¨αα€α΅ αα α¨αα³ααα α΅α ααα₯ α»ααα½ ααα₯ααΉ α΅αα³ααΉα’
@laboratorypractice π¨βπ¬π
π§ͺ GLOMERULAR FILTRATION β KIDNEY FUNCTION π§
βββββββββββββββββββββββ
π§ Definition:
Glomerular filtration is the first step of urine formation, where blood is filtered through the glomerulus into Bowmanβs capsule, forming the filtrate (primary urine).
π STRUCTURES INVOLVED:
π©Έ Afferent arteriole β brings blood to the glomerulus.
π§ Glomerulus β network of capillaries where filtration occurs.
𫧠Bowmanβs capsule β collects filtrate from the glomerulus.
π©Έ Efferent arteriole β carries blood away after filtration.
𧱠Filtration Barrier (3 Layers):
1οΈβ£ Fenestrated endothelium of glomerular capillaries
2οΈβ£ Basement membrane
3οΈβ£ Podocytes (epithelial cells of Bowmanβs capsule)
π This barrier allows water and small solutes to pass.
π« It blocks blood cells and large proteins, keeping them in circulation.
β‘ FORCES DRIVING FILTRATION:
Glomerular filtration is controlled by Starlingβs forces π
π©Έ Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP) β pushes fluid into Bowmanβs capsule.
𧱠Capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP) β opposes filtration.
π§ Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) β also opposes filtration.
β Net Filtration Pressure (NFP) β 10 mmHg, enough to drive filtration effectively.
π GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR):
π§ͺ Normal GFR: 120β125 mL/min
π§ β 180 L/day of filtrate is formed
π Most of this filtrate is reabsorbed by the nephron.
GFR depends on:
Renal blood pressure π©Έ
Surface area of glomerulus π§
Permeability of the filtration barrier π§±
β οΈ Low BP β β GFR
β οΈ High BP over time β glomerular damage
π§ͺ SUBSTANCES FILTERED FREELY:
β Water
β Electrolytes (NaβΊ, KβΊ, Clβ», HCOββ»)
β Glucose, amino acids
β Urea & creatinine
π« NOT FILTERED:
β Blood cells
β Large proteins (e.g., albumin)
π If protein or blood is detected in urine β may indicate glomerular damage β
βοΈ REGULATION OF GFR:
π Autoregulation β myogenic mechanism & tubuloglomerular feedback keep GFR stable.
π§ RAAS (ReninβAngiotensinβAldosterone System) β increases BP & GFR when needed.
π« Sympathetic stimulation β during stress or shock can decrease GFR temporarily.
π SUMMARY TABLE:
FeatureDescriptionπ§
Site
Glomerulus β Bowmanβs capsule
π©Έ Driving ForceBlood pressure (hydrostatic)
π Normal GFR120β125 mL/min (β 180 L/day)π§ͺ
Filtered Water, electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, ureaπ«
Not Filtered Blood cells, large proteinsβοΈ
Regulation Autoregulation, RAAS, sympathetic system
β FINAL NOTE:
Glomerular filtration is a pressure-driven process essential for:
Waste removal π§ͺ
Electrolyte balance β‘
Blood pressure regulation π«
Overall fluid homeostasis π§
π Any alteration in GFR can indicate kidney disease or systemic issues like dehydration, hypertension, or diabetes.
#LaboratoryPractice #KidneyFunction #GFR #GlomerularFiltration #RenalPhysiology #UrineFormation #MedLab #RenalSystem #MedicalNotes #LabStudents #Physiology
@Laboratorypractice
π§ͺ GLOMERULAR FILTRATION β KIDNEY FUNCTION π§
βββββββββββββββββββββββ
π§ Definition:
Glomerular filtration is the first step of urine formation, where blood is filtered through the glomerulus into Bowmanβs capsule, forming the filtrate (primary urine).
π STRUCTURES INVOLVED:
π©Έ Afferent arteriole β brings blood to the glomerulus.
π§ Glomerulus β network of capillaries where filtration occurs.
𫧠Bowmanβs capsule β collects filtrate from the glomerulus.
π©Έ Efferent arteriole β carries blood away after filtration.
𧱠Filtration Barrier (3 Layers):
1οΈβ£ Fenestrated endothelium of glomerular capillaries
2οΈβ£ Basement membrane
3οΈβ£ Podocytes (epithelial cells of Bowmanβs capsule)
π This barrier allows water and small solutes to pass.
π« It blocks blood cells and large proteins, keeping them in circulation.
β‘ FORCES DRIVING FILTRATION:
Glomerular filtration is controlled by Starlingβs forces π
\text{NFP} = \text{GHP} - (\text{CHP} + \text{BCOP}) π©Έ Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP) β pushes fluid into Bowmanβs capsule.
𧱠Capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP) β opposes filtration.
π§ Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) β also opposes filtration.
β Net Filtration Pressure (NFP) β 10 mmHg, enough to drive filtration effectively.
π GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR):
π§ͺ Normal GFR: 120β125 mL/min
π§ β 180 L/day of filtrate is formed
π Most of this filtrate is reabsorbed by the nephron.
GFR depends on:
Renal blood pressure π©Έ
Surface area of glomerulus π§
Permeability of the filtration barrier π§±
β οΈ Low BP β β GFR
β οΈ High BP over time β glomerular damage
π§ͺ SUBSTANCES FILTERED FREELY:
β Water
β Electrolytes (NaβΊ, KβΊ, Clβ», HCOββ»)
β Glucose, amino acids
β Urea & creatinine
π« NOT FILTERED:
β Blood cells
β Large proteins (e.g., albumin)
π If protein or blood is detected in urine β may indicate glomerular damage β
βοΈ REGULATION OF GFR:
π Autoregulation β myogenic mechanism & tubuloglomerular feedback keep GFR stable.
π§ RAAS (ReninβAngiotensinβAldosterone System) β increases BP & GFR when needed.
π« Sympathetic stimulation β during stress or shock can decrease GFR temporarily.
π SUMMARY TABLE:
FeatureDescriptionπ§
Site
Glomerulus β Bowmanβs capsule
π©Έ Driving ForceBlood pressure (hydrostatic)
π Normal GFR120β125 mL/min (β 180 L/day)π§ͺ
Filtered Water, electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, ureaπ«
Not Filtered Blood cells, large proteinsβοΈ
Regulation Autoregulation, RAAS, sympathetic system
β FINAL NOTE:
Glomerular filtration is a pressure-driven process essential for:
Waste removal π§ͺ
Electrolyte balance β‘
Blood pressure regulation π«
Overall fluid homeostasis π§
π Any alteration in GFR can indicate kidney disease or systemic issues like dehydration, hypertension, or diabetes.
#LaboratoryPractice #KidneyFunction #GFR #GlomerularFiltration #RenalPhysiology #UrineFormation #MedLab #RenalSystem #MedicalNotes #LabStudents #Physiology
@Laboratorypractice
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