#ጥቆማ
#EthiopianAirlines

የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ ብቁ የሆኑ ተለማማጅ የማርኬቲንግ ባለሙያዎችን (School of Marketing Trainee) አወዳድሮ መቅጠር ይፈልጋል፡፡

➤ የሥራ መደብ፦ School of Marketing Trainee
➤ ተፈላጊ የትምህርት ደረጃ፦ የዩኒቨርሲቲ መግቢያ ፈተና ቢያንስ 300 ውጤት ያለው/ያላት
➤ ዕድሜ፦ ከ 18-25

የምዝገባ ቀናት፦ ከነሐሴ 05-09/2017 ዓ.ም

የምዝገባ ቦታዎች፦

➫ አዲስ አበባ፦ በኦንላይን
➫ አዳማ ሳይንስና ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ አዳማ
➫ አምቦ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ አምቦ
➫ አርባ ምንጭ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ አርባ ምንጭ
➫ አሶሳ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ አሶሳ
➫ ባህር ዳር ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ባህር ዳር
➫ ወሎ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ወሎ
➫ ድሬዳዋ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ድሬዳዋ
➫ ጋምቤላ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ጋምቤላ
➫ ጎንደር ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ጎንደር
➫ ሐረማያ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ሐረር ካምፓስ፣ ሐረር
➫ ሀዋሳ ኤርፖርት፣ ሀዋሳ
➫ ጅግጅጋ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ጅግጅጋ
➫ ጅማ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ጅማ
➫ መቐለ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ መቐለ
➫ መደ ወላቡ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ሮቤ
➫ ወለጋ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ነቀምቴ
➫ ሰመራ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ሰመራ
➫ ወልቂጤ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ወልቂጤ
➫ ሻሸመኔ ፖሊቴክኒክ ኮሌጅ፦ ሻሸመኔ

ለምዝገባ የሚያስፈልጉ፦
አንድ ፓስፖርት መጠን ፎቶግራፍ፣ የ8ኛ ክፍል ካርድ፣ የ10ኛ ክፍል ሰርተፊኬት፣ የ12ኛ ክፍል ሰርተፊኬት፣ የትምህርት ማስረጃ ዲግሪ፣ የልደት ሰርተፊኬት እና የቀበሌ መታወቂያ፡፡ የሰነዶችዎንና የትምህርት ማስረጃዎችዎን ዋናውንና ኮፒውን ስካን በማድረግ ማያያዝ ይጠበቅብዎታል፡፡

ከአዲስ አበባ ውጪ፣ አመልካቾች በተገለፁት ቦታዎች በአካል በመገኘት ማመልከት ይጠበቅባቸዋል፡፡

@Laboratorypractice

1. A 50-year-old man presents with fatigue, weakness, and a history of heavy alcohol use.
  •  Correct Answer: B) Sideroblastic anemia
      Explanation:*
2. A 65-year-old woman with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presents with fatigue and pallor.
  •  Correct Answer: B) Chronic inflammation
      Explanation:*

3. A 30-year-old pregnant woman with Crohn's disease presents with fatigue and shortness of breath.
  •  Correct Answer: C) Folate deficiency due to malabsorption
      Explanation:* The pregnant woman with Crohn's who is has issues to absorb Folate

4. A 60-year-old man with alcoholism is admitted with severe liver disease.
  •  Correct Answer: D) Liver disease
      Explanation:* Given the macrocytic anemia liver diesasw is know

5. A 20-year-old African American man presents with fatigue, jaundice, and dark urine after taking a sulfa drug.
  •  Correct Answer: C) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
      Explanation:* After the result the test result has the g6pd deficience.

6. A 70-year-old man presents with progressive fatigue and bone pain.
  •  Correct Answer: A) Multiple myeloma
      Explanation:* Based on the result bone pain is related with multple myeloma.

7. A 45-year-old woman with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presents with fatigue.
  •  Correct Answer: B) Anemia of chronic disease
      Explanation:* Given the Rheumatoid Arthritis it cause fatigue

8. A 25-year-old male patient with a history of Crohn's disease presents with fatigue.
  •  Correct Answer: B) Malabsorption of iron
      Explanation:* Chron's affect the absorption and cause fatigue

9. A 60-year-old woman with a history of heart failure presents with fatigue and shortness of breath.
  •  Correct Answer: C) Erythropoietin deficiency
      Explanation:* Based on the heart failure can cause epo deficiency

10. A 35-year-old man presents with fatigue, pallor, and a sore tongue.
  •  Correct Answer: C) Vitamin B12 deficiency
      Explanation:* This is due with fatigue that what cause B12 vitamin deffieicny.

11. A 50-year-old man presents with fatigue, dyspnea, and dark urine.
  •  Correct Answer: B) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
      Explanation:* If all does go againsy with result. That result with dark urine and all symptons

12. A 28-year-old pregnant woman, in her third trimester, presents with fatigue.
  •  Correct Answer: d) Iron deficiency
  *Explanation: is low on serum, which for pregnancy needs more iron.

13. A 68-year-old male with a history of COPD, presents with fatigue.
  •  Correct Answer: d) Chronic disease
      Explanation: * For this serum is that COPD lead for what that is has

14. A 22-year-old male of Mediterranean descent, is tested as part of a pre-marital screen.
  •  Correct Answer: a) Alpha Thalassemia trait
      Explanation:* For the medetiterra is mainly can Alpha that what shows for this.

15. A 75-year-old female, vegan, presents with fatigue and peripheral neuropathy.
  •  Correct Answer: d) Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
      Explanation:* What cause and not getting this is more can be this.

16. A 30-year-old African American male presents with fatigue, back pain, and dark urine
  •  Correct Answer: b) Anemia
  *explanation: What the Anemia it effects on this as the back and sides.

17. A 45-year-old male presents with high alcohol intakes.
*What will be expect result on the bone marrow?
  (b) Hypo cellular
The explanation with cell is there will be Hypo cellularity

18. A 22-year-old African American presents with his blood.
*What would you expect on the patient is?
a) G6DP deficiency
Blacks if they test can have G6pd to cause it.
      
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🩸 Coagulation Pathways: Stopping the Bleeding! 🩹

Let's explore how your body forms blood clots to prevent excessive bleeding.

I. Overview: The Coagulation Cascade ⚙️

•  Purpose: To form a stable fibrin clot at the site of injury.
•  Two Main Pathways: Intrinsic and Extrinsic pathways.
•  Convergence: Both pathways lead to a common pathway, ultimately activating Factor X.

II. Visual Aid: Simplified Coagulation Diagram 🖼️

   INTRINSIC PATHWAY                 EXTRINSIC PATHWAY

   (Starts Inside the Blood Vessel)          (Starts Outside the Blood Vessel)

  Factor XII --(Activated by Contact)--> XIIa     Tissue Factor (TF)
    |                         /  |
    |                         /  |
  Factor XI --> XIa                 /   |
    |                        /   |
  Factor IX --> IXa --(with Factor VIII, Ca++)-->  /    VII --> VIIa
    |                       /
    |                      /
    ------------------------- \          /
                 -----> Factor X -----> Common Pathway

   COMMON PATHWAY:

   Factor X --(with Factor V, Ca++, Platelet Surface)--> Xa

   Prothrombin --> Thrombin

   Fibrinogen --> Fibrin (Clot)

III. Intrinsic Pathway (Contact Activation Pathway): 🩸

•  Trigger: Activated by contact with negatively charged surfaces inside the blood vessel (e.g., collagen, activated platelets, artificial surfaces).
•  Factors Involved: XII, XI, IX, VIII.
•  Process:
  •  Factor XII is activated to XIIa by contact.
  •  XIIa activates XI to XIa.
  •  XIa activates IX to IXa.
  •  IXa, along with Factor VIII, calcium ions (Ca++), and platelet phospholipids, forms a complex that activates Factor X.
•  Measured By: Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) lab test.⏱️

IV. Extrinsic Pathway (Tissue Factor Pathway): 🩹

•  Trigger: Tissue Factor (TF) is released by damaged cells outside the blood vessel.
•  Factors Involved: Tissue Factor (TF), Factor VII.
•  Process:
  •  Tissue Factor (TF) binds to Factor VII, forming a complex.
  •  This TF-VIIa complex directly activates Factor X.
•  Measured By: Prothrombin Time (PT) lab test. ⏳

V. Common Pathway: 🔄

•  Where the magic happens and to form to clot
•  Factors Involved: X, V, Prothrombin, Fibrinogen.
•  Process:
  •  Factor Xa, along with Factor V, calcium ions, and platelet phospholipids, forms the prothrombin activator complex.
  •  This complex converts prothrombin to thrombin.
  •  Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin monomers, which then polymerize to form a fibrin clot.
  •  Factor XIIIa stabilizes the fibrin clot.

VI. Platelets in Coagulation: 🍥

•  Primary Hemostasis: Platelets adhere to the injured vessel wall, form a platelet plug.
•  Secondary Hemostasis: Platelets provide a surface for coagulation factors to bind and activate, accelerating clot formation.
•   Provide surface for the factor to work each other.

VII. Clinical Significance: 🩺

•  Understanding the coagulation pathways is vital for:
  •  Diagnosing bleeding disorders (e.g., hemophilia). 🩸
  •  Monitoring anticoagulant therapy (e.g., warfarin, heparin). 💊
  •  Investigating thrombotic disorders (e.g., deep vein thrombosis). 🦵