🔴

Pink puffers ➡ Emphysema
Blue bloaters ➡ Chronic bronchitis

🔴

Why G6PD enzyme assay may falsely normal in acute hemolysis?

Hemolysis of old RBC
Secondary to Reticulocytosis▶Contain normal enzyme

Waterhouse- Friderichsen syndrome is caused by:

Nisseria meningetides – 104
👍👍👍👍👍👍👍 85%

Streptococcus viridans – 15
👍 12%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis – 3
▫️ 2%

Treponema pallidium – 1
▫️ 1%

👥 123 people voted so far. Poll closed.

The correct answer is: Nisseria meningetides.

🔴

Evidence of coagulopathy is a danger sign of impending acute liver failure (ALF).

🔴

Renal biopsy in nephrotic syndrome:

Age <1y & >12y
Atypical Feature
Renal Failure
+Ve ANA
⇓Complement
+Ve FH
Steroid Resistant

The most common cause of death in DM-1 is *DKA*,
while the most common cause of death in DKA is *cerebral edema* .

🔴

Diseases in which patients need to avoid contact sport:

Infectious mononucliosis
Polycystic kidney disease
Hydatid cysts

🔴

The most common cause of rectal prolapse is:
Constipation.

🔴

Side-effects of ACE inhibitors:
Cough
Angioedema
Potassium excess
Taste changes
Orthostatic hypotension
Pregnancy contraindication
Pressure drop (hypotension)
Renal failure
Rash
Indomethacin inhibition
Leukopenia (rare)

🔴

Atrioventricular node blocking agents:
Adenosine, amiodarone
Beta-blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Digoxin

Porcelain gallbladder treatment of choice is:

Prophylactic cholecystectomy – 90
👍👍👍👍👍👍👍 81%

Watchful waiting – 8
👍 7%

ERCP – 8
👍 7%

MRCP – 5
▫️ 5%

👥 111 people voted so far. Poll closed.

🔴

Cyanotic congenital heart disease (right to left shunts):

Truncus arteriosus
Transposition of the great arteries
Tricuspid atresia
Tetralogy of Fallot
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return

The correct answer is: Prophylactic cholecystectomy.

🔴

Amiodarone side effects:

Bradycardia/Blue man
Interstitial Lung Disease
Thyroid (hyper and hypo)
Corneal (occular)/Cutaneous (skin)
Hepatic/Hypotension when IV (due to solvents

🔴

Meckel’s diverticulum (Rule of 2’s):

2% of population
2x commoner in males
2 feet proximal to ileocaecal valve
2 inches in length
2 types of common ectopic tissue (gastric and pancreatic)

🔴

Complications of multiple pregnancy:

Hydramnios (poly)
Intrauterine growth restriction
Preterm labour
APH
Pre-eclampsia
Abortion

🔴

Pheochromocytoma (rule of 10’s):

10% extra-abdominal
10% malignant
10% bilateral
10% in children
BUT 30% genetic/syndromic!

🔴

Folate deficiency causes:

Alcoholism
Folic acid antagonists
OCP
Low dietary intake
Infection (giardiasis)
Coeliac disease
Dilantin (phenytoin)
Relative folate deficiency
Old
Pregnancy

🔴

Reversible causes of cardiac arrest:

Hypovolaemia
Hypoxia
H+ (acidosis)
Hypothermia
Hypoglycaemia
Hypokalaemia
Hyperkalaemia
Tension pneumothorax
cardiac Tamponade
Thrombosis (PE/MI)
Toxins

🔴

Features of Marfan’s syndrome:


Mitral valve prolapse
Aortic dissection/ Aortic aneurysm
Regurgitant aortic valve
Retinal detachment
Fibrillin-1 mutation
Arm span > height / Arachnodactyly
Near-sighted
Nasal voice (high-arched palate)
Scoliosis
Subluxated lens
pectus escavatum