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Gynecomastia causes:
Digitalis
Leydig cell tumors
Alcohol
Sertoli cell tumors

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Red eye causes:
Glaucoma
Orbital disease
Scleritis
Uveitis
Conjunctivitis
Keratitis

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Carotid sinus vs carotid body function :

carotid Sinus: measures pressure.
carotid body: measures O2.

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Classical meningeal signs:

Nuchal rigidity
Kernig's sign
Brudzinski's sign

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Examples of drugs that lead to
Hypotonia:
Gentamycin
Neomycin
Salbutamol

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The most common primary bone cancer is:

Multiple myeloma

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Cogenital infections presented with Hepatosplenomegaly:
Rubella
CMV
HSV
Toxoplasma
Treponema pallidum
Group B Streptococcus sepsis

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Triad of:
- Hematuria
- Renal failure
- Bilateral sensoneural deafness

Dx ➡Alport syndrome

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Cyanosis occurs when:
Deoxygenated haemoglobin in blood reaches between 4 to 6 gm/dl

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Differential diagnosis of Snow storm appearance in US:
Hydatidform mole
Choriocarcinoma
Degenerative fibroid
Old missed abortion

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Drugs used for smoking cessation:
Bupropion
Varenicline

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B-Thalassemia major:

⬆Serum iron
⬆Serum ferrtin
⬆Hb F
⬆Hb A2
⬇MCH
⬇MCHC
⬇Iron binding capacity
Anisocytosis + poikilocytosis

The disease that is associated with Thymic aplasia/hypoplasia is:

Digeorge syndrome

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Trichomaniasis features:
5 F's:
Flagella
Frothy discharge
Fishy odor (sometimes)
Fornication (STD)
Flagyl (metronidazole) Rx

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If patient presented with:
chronic diarrhea & Macrocytic anemia think of:

Celiac disease

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Vertigo differential:
Vestibulitis
Ototoxic drugs
Meniere's disease
Injury
Tumor
Spin (benign positional vertigo)

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celiac disease is associated with:
Life long gluten free diet
IgA deficiency
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Lymphoma

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Drugs cause constipation:
Opiate
Anticholinergic
Calcium antagonist
Aluminum cotaing antiacid

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Causes of delay closure of anterior fontanelle:

Rickets
Congenital hypothyrodism
Hydrocephalus
Downs
Achondroplasia
Premature

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Pink puffers ➡ Emphysema
Blue bloaters ➡ Chronic bronchitis

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Why G6PD enzyme assay may falsely normal in acute hemolysis?

Hemolysis of old RBC
Secondary to Reticulocytosis▶Contain normal enzyme