MCQ NO 688 | organic chemistry
What is the approximate chemical shift ranges for protons attached to aldehydic groups?
What is the approximate chemical shift ranges for protons attached to aldehydic groups?
Anonymous Quiz
12%
(a) 4-8 δ
57%
(b) 9.5 - 10.0 δ
26%
(c) 6 - 7.9 δ
5%
(d) 1.5 - 3.5 δ
MCQ NO 689 | Pharmacology
Antifungal agent 5-fluorocytosine is converted to its active metabolite 5-fluorouracil by one of the following fungal enzyme
Antifungal agent 5-fluorocytosine is converted to its active metabolite 5-fluorouracil by one of the following fungal enzyme
Anonymous Quiz
18%
(a) Cytosine deacetylase
37%
(b) Cytosine reductase
30%
(c) Cytosine demethylase
15%
(d) Cytosine deaminase
MCQ NO 690 | Pharmaceutical analysis
Globar source in infra-red spectrophotometer is
Globar source in infra-red spectrophotometer is
Anonymous Quiz
31%
(a) Silicon carbide rod
36%
(b) Rhodium wire heated in ceramic
27%
(c) Tungsten filament
6%
(d) Nichrome wire
🔴DEFINITION
🔶skin moisturizers =
Moisturizer or moisturiser is a cosmetic preparation used for protecting, moisturizing, and lubricating the skin.
🔶Lipstick =
Lipstick is a cosmetic product containing pigments , oils , waxes and emollients that apply color , texture and protection to lips.
🔶skin moisturizers =
Moisturizer or moisturiser is a cosmetic preparation used for protecting, moisturizing, and lubricating the skin.
🔶Lipstick =
Lipstick is a cosmetic product containing pigments , oils , waxes and emollients that apply color , texture and protection to lips.
🔴DEFINITION
🔶Cosmetics =
superficial measures to make something appear better, more attractive, or more impressive.
🔶Cosmetic preparations=
(excluding soap) that are applied to the human body for beautifying, preserving, or altering the appearance or for cleansing, colouring, conditioning, or protecting the skin, hair, nails, lips, eyes, or teeth.
🔶Shampoo=
It is a preparation of a surfactant in a suitable form–liquid,solid or powder–which when used under the specified conditions will remove surface grease, dirt, and skin debris from the hair shaft and scalp without adversely affecting the user.
🔶Cosmetics =
superficial measures to make something appear better, more attractive, or more impressive.
🔶Cosmetic preparations=
(excluding soap) that are applied to the human body for beautifying, preserving, or altering the appearance or for cleansing, colouring, conditioning, or protecting the skin, hair, nails, lips, eyes, or teeth.
🔶Shampoo=
It is a preparation of a surfactant in a suitable form–liquid,solid or powder–which when used under the specified conditions will remove surface grease, dirt, and skin debris from the hair shaft and scalp without adversely affecting the user.
🔴 Classification
🟢Types and classes of Tablets
🔺ORAL TABLETS FOR
INGESTION
1.Compressed Tablets or
Standard Compressed Tablets
(CT)
2.Multiple Compressed
Tablets(MCT)
🔸l.Layered Tablets
🔸ll.Compression-coated
Tablets
3.Chewable Tablets
4.Sugar and Chocolate-coated
Tablets
5.Film coated Tablets
6.Repeat-action Tablets
7.Delayed-action Tablets
🔺TABLETS USED IN ORAL
CAVITY
1.Buccal and Sublingual Tablets
2.Troches and Lozenges
3.Dental cones
🔺TABLETS ADMINISTERED BY
OTHER ROUTES
1.Implantation Tablets
2.Vaginal Tablets
🔺TABLETS USED TO PREPARE
SOLUTION
1.Effervescent Tablets
2.Dispensing Tablets(DT)
3.Hypodermic Tablets (HT)
4.Tablet Triturates (TT)
🟢Types and classes of Tablets
🔺ORAL TABLETS FOR
INGESTION
1.Compressed Tablets or
Standard Compressed Tablets
(CT)
2.Multiple Compressed
Tablets(MCT)
🔸l.Layered Tablets
🔸ll.Compression-coated
Tablets
3.Chewable Tablets
4.Sugar and Chocolate-coated
Tablets
5.Film coated Tablets
6.Repeat-action Tablets
7.Delayed-action Tablets
🔺TABLETS USED IN ORAL
CAVITY
1.Buccal and Sublingual Tablets
2.Troches and Lozenges
3.Dental cones
🔺TABLETS ADMINISTERED BY
OTHER ROUTES
1.Implantation Tablets
2.Vaginal Tablets
🔺TABLETS USED TO PREPARE
SOLUTION
1.Effervescent Tablets
2.Dispensing Tablets(DT)
3.Hypodermic Tablets (HT)
4.Tablet Triturates (TT)
🔴 Classification
👉Pharmaceutical Capsules
🔺1.Hard Gelatin Capsules
Hard-shelled capsules, which contain dry, powdered ingredients or miniature pellets made by e.g. processes of extrusion or spheronization. ...
🔺2. Soft Gelatin Capsules
Soft-shelled capsules, primarily used for oils and for active ingredients that are dissolved or suspended in oil.
🔺3. Alternative Capsules
These are new type of capsules but here Gelatin is replaced by Plant materials .
🔸a. Hydroxypropyl Methyl
cellulose(HPMC) Capsules
🔸b. Starch Capsules
🔸c. Crosslinked Dextran
Capsules
👉Pharmaceutical Capsules
🔺1.Hard Gelatin Capsules
Hard-shelled capsules, which contain dry, powdered ingredients or miniature pellets made by e.g. processes of extrusion or spheronization. ...
🔺2. Soft Gelatin Capsules
Soft-shelled capsules, primarily used for oils and for active ingredients that are dissolved or suspended in oil.
🔺3. Alternative Capsules
These are new type of capsules but here Gelatin is replaced by Plant materials .
🔸a. Hydroxypropyl Methyl
cellulose(HPMC) Capsules
🔸b. Starch Capsules
🔸c. Crosslinked Dextran
Capsules
🔴MECHANISM
📌NUCLEAR RECEPTOR
▪Nuclear receptors are central to the regulation of development, endocrine signalling and metabolism.
▪ The transcriptional activity of many receptors is controlled through the binding of small, fat-soluble molecules to the ligand-binding domain.
▪ In most cases, ligand binding turns the receptors into potent activators of transcription.
▪ This switch involves the exchange of co-regulator proteins that mediate transcriptional regulation.
▪ Structural and biochemical studies have together revealed the mechanism of action of this ligand-induced molecular switch, in which changes in the dynamic behaviour of the receptor play a key role. ▪This remarkable dynamic mechanism has facilitated the evolution of a family of nuclear receptors with highly diverse ligand recognition and signalling properties.
🔸EXAMPLES
1.Glucocorticoid
2.Mineralocorticoid
3.Estrogen
4.Progesterone
5.Androgen
6.Vit A and VitD
7.Thyroid Harmone receptor
📌NUCLEAR RECEPTOR
▪Nuclear receptors are central to the regulation of development, endocrine signalling and metabolism.
▪ The transcriptional activity of many receptors is controlled through the binding of small, fat-soluble molecules to the ligand-binding domain.
▪ In most cases, ligand binding turns the receptors into potent activators of transcription.
▪ This switch involves the exchange of co-regulator proteins that mediate transcriptional regulation.
▪ Structural and biochemical studies have together revealed the mechanism of action of this ligand-induced molecular switch, in which changes in the dynamic behaviour of the receptor play a key role. ▪This remarkable dynamic mechanism has facilitated the evolution of a family of nuclear receptors with highly diverse ligand recognition and signalling properties.
🔸EXAMPLES
1.Glucocorticoid
2.Mineralocorticoid
3.Estrogen
4.Progesterone
5.Androgen
6.Vit A and VitD
7.Thyroid Harmone receptor
MCQ NO 691 | biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
The drug concentration between Minimum effective concentration (MEC) and maximum safe concentration (MSC) is called
The drug concentration between Minimum effective concentration (MEC) and maximum safe concentration (MSC) is called
Anonymous Quiz
5%
(a) Toxic range
53%
(b) Therapeutic index
14%
(c) Therapeutic ratio
28%
(d) Therapeutic range
MCQ NO 692 | pharmaceutics
temperature dependence and the theory of viscosity is expressed by the following
temperature dependence and the theory of viscosity is expressed by the following
Anonymous Quiz
10%
(a) Stern-Volmer equation
62%
(b) Arrhenius equation of chemical kinetics
15%
(c) Higuchi equation
13%
(d) Gibb's equation
MCQ NO 693 | pharmaceutics
Which of the following is NOT a fundamental (primary) factor considered for selection of a location for the construction of pharmaceutical or chemical plant
Which of the following is NOT a fundamental (primary) factor considered for selection of a location for the construction of pharmaceutical or chemical plant
Anonymous Quiz
39%
(a) Soil
34%
(b) Market for products
17%
(c) Labor supply
10%
(d) Raw materials
MCQ NO 694 | Microbiology
The following gram positive bacteria species is positive for the coagulase test (a test for the ability of bacteria to cause blood plasma to clot)
The following gram positive bacteria species is positive for the coagulase test (a test for the ability of bacteria to cause blood plasma to clot)
Anonymous Quiz
17%
(a) S. epidermidis
43%
(b) S. aureus
31%
(c) S. Saprophyticus
9%
(d) S. lactis
MCQ NO 695 | microbiology
This fungus is also known as opportunistic pathogen, often isolated from warm-blooded animals.
This fungus is also known as opportunistic pathogen, often isolated from warm-blooded animals.
Anonymous Quiz
24%
(a) Aspergillus niger
22%
(b) Penicillinum notatum
29%
(c) Penicillinium chrysogenum
25%
(d) Candida albicans
MCQ NO 696 | Pharmacology
Which of the following will result in very closest value to the Glomerular Filteration Rate (GFR) ?
Which of the following will result in very closest value to the Glomerular Filteration Rate (GFR) ?
Anonymous Quiz
7%
(a) Insulin Clearance
14%
(b) Albumin Clearance
35%
(c) Measure of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
44%
(d) Creatinine Clearance
MCQ NO 697 | pharmaceutics
While studying solid state physicochemical properties, the packing property of drug include
While studying solid state physicochemical properties, the packing property of drug include
Anonymous Quiz
17%
(a) Heat capacity
25%
(b) Solubility
35%
(c) Refractive index
22%
(d) Entropy
MCQ NO 698| Microbiology
The Acidic polymers of Ribitol/Glycerol phosphate present in Gram positive microorganism are known as
The Acidic polymers of Ribitol/Glycerol phosphate present in Gram positive microorganism are known as
Anonymous Quiz
17%
(a) Polysaccharides
45%
(b) Teichoic acids
31%
(c) Peptidoglycans
6%
(d) Lysozymes
MCQ NO 699 | pharmaceutics
Increasing the proportion of the disperse phase of an emulsion by more than 60% may lead to
Increasing the proportion of the disperse phase of an emulsion by more than 60% may lead to
Anonymous Quiz
14%
(a) Cracking
13%
(b) Frothing
65%
(c) Phase inversion
8%
(d) Creaming
MCQ NO 700 | pharmaceutical chemistry
The second law of thermodynamics states that 'whenever a spontaneous process takes place, it is accompanied by an increase in the total energy of the universe The equation that satisfies the above law is :
The second law of thermodynamics states that 'whenever a spontaneous process takes place, it is accompanied by an increase in the total energy of the universe The equation that satisfies the above law is :
Anonymous Quiz
41%
(a) ΔS universe = S system + ΔS surrounding
36%
(b) S system = ΔS universe + ΔS surrounding
18%
(c) ΔS universe = ΔS surrounding - S system
5%
(d) ΔS universe = S system - ΔS surrounding
🔴Things You Should Know!🔴
1: Number Of Bones — 206
2: Number Of Muscles — 639
3: Number Of Kidneys — 2
4: Number Of Milk Teeth — 20
5: Number Of Ribs — 24 (12 pair)
6: Number Of Heart Chamber — 4
7: Largest Artery — Aorta
8: Normal Blood Pressure — 120/80mmHg
9: Ph Of Blood — 7.4
10: Number Of Vertebrae In The Spine — 33
11: Number Of Vertebrae In The Neck — 7
12: Number Of Bones In Middle Ear — 6
13: Number Of Bones In Face — 14
14: Number Of Bones In Skull — 22
15: Number Of Bones In Chest — 25
16: Number Of Bones In Arms — 6
17: Number Of Muscles In Human Arm — 72
18: Number Of Pumps In Heart — 2
19: Largest Organ — Skin
20: Largest Gland — Liver
21: Biggest Cell — Female Ovum
22: Smallest Cell — Male Sperm
23: Smallest Bone — Stapes
24: First Transplanted Organ — Heart
25: Average Length Of Small Intestine — 7m
26: Average Length Of Large Intestine — 1.5m
27: Average w
Weight Of New Born Baby — 2.6kg
28: Pulse Rate In One Minute — 72 Times
29: Normal Body Temperature — 37 C° (98.4 F°)
30: Average Blood Volume — 4 To 5 Liters
31: Life Span Of RBC — 120 Days
32: Life Span Of WBC — 10 To 15 Days
33: Pregnancy Period — 280 Days (40 Week)
34: Number Of Bones In Human Foot — 33
35: Number Of Bones In Each Wrist — 8
36: Number Of Bones In Hand — 27
37: Largest Endocrine Gland — Thyroid
38: Largest Lymphatic Organ — Spleen
39: Largest Part Of Brain — Cerebrum
40: Largest & Strongest Bone — Femur
41: Smallest Muscle — Stapedius (Middle Ear)
41: Number Of Chromosome — 46 (23 Pair)
42: Number Of Bones In New Born Baby — 350
43: Viscosity Of Blood — 4.5 To 5.5
44: Universal Donor Blood Group — O
45: Universal Recipient Blood Group — AB
46: Largest WBC — Monocyte
47: Smallest WBC — Lymphocyte
48: Increase RBC Count Called —Polycethemia
49: Blood Bank In The Body Is — Spleen
50: Non Nucleated Blood Cell Is — RBC
51: RBC Produced In The — Bone Marrow
52: River Of Life Is Called — Blood
53: Normal Blood Cholesterol Level — 250mg/dl
54: Fluid Part Of Blood Is — Plasma
1: Number Of Bones — 206
2: Number Of Muscles — 639
3: Number Of Kidneys — 2
4: Number Of Milk Teeth — 20
5: Number Of Ribs — 24 (12 pair)
6: Number Of Heart Chamber — 4
7: Largest Artery — Aorta
8: Normal Blood Pressure — 120/80mmHg
9: Ph Of Blood — 7.4
10: Number Of Vertebrae In The Spine — 33
11: Number Of Vertebrae In The Neck — 7
12: Number Of Bones In Middle Ear — 6
13: Number Of Bones In Face — 14
14: Number Of Bones In Skull — 22
15: Number Of Bones In Chest — 25
16: Number Of Bones In Arms — 6
17: Number Of Muscles In Human Arm — 72
18: Number Of Pumps In Heart — 2
19: Largest Organ — Skin
20: Largest Gland — Liver
21: Biggest Cell — Female Ovum
22: Smallest Cell — Male Sperm
23: Smallest Bone — Stapes
24: First Transplanted Organ — Heart
25: Average Length Of Small Intestine — 7m
26: Average Length Of Large Intestine — 1.5m
27: Average w
Weight Of New Born Baby — 2.6kg
28: Pulse Rate In One Minute — 72 Times
29: Normal Body Temperature — 37 C° (98.4 F°)
30: Average Blood Volume — 4 To 5 Liters
31: Life Span Of RBC — 120 Days
32: Life Span Of WBC — 10 To 15 Days
33: Pregnancy Period — 280 Days (40 Week)
34: Number Of Bones In Human Foot — 33
35: Number Of Bones In Each Wrist — 8
36: Number Of Bones In Hand — 27
37: Largest Endocrine Gland — Thyroid
38: Largest Lymphatic Organ — Spleen
39: Largest Part Of Brain — Cerebrum
40: Largest & Strongest Bone — Femur
41: Smallest Muscle — Stapedius (Middle Ear)
41: Number Of Chromosome — 46 (23 Pair)
42: Number Of Bones In New Born Baby — 350
43: Viscosity Of Blood — 4.5 To 5.5
44: Universal Donor Blood Group — O
45: Universal Recipient Blood Group — AB
46: Largest WBC — Monocyte
47: Smallest WBC — Lymphocyte
48: Increase RBC Count Called —Polycethemia
49: Blood Bank In The Body Is — Spleen
50: Non Nucleated Blood Cell Is — RBC
51: RBC Produced In The — Bone Marrow
52: River Of Life Is Called — Blood
53: Normal Blood Cholesterol Level — 250mg/dl
54: Fluid Part Of Blood Is — Plasma