The protein synthesis inhibitors act by disrupting the bacterial 70S ribosomal mRNA complex that is responsible for bacterial protein synthesis. Since eukaryotes utilize a different ribosomal complex (80S), these drugs do not interfere with human cellular protein synthesis. The bacterial 70S ribosomal complex is composed of two subunits (30S and 50S), and the protein synthesis inhibitors act at one of these subunits.

The nucleoside (NRTIs), nucleotide, and nonnucleoside (NNRTIs) reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RT inhibitors) all inhibit the formation of viral DNA from RNA by reverse transcriptase.

The protease inhibitors interfere with processing of the viral protein, thus preventing formation of new viral particles.

Enfuvirtide blocks the fusion of the viral particle to the target cell, while maraviroc inhibits entry of the viral particles into cells.

Raltegravir is the first available integrase inhibitor.

Therapy for HIV is either based on inhibition of RT using one NNRTI + two NRTIs or based on use of a protease inhibitor using one or two PIs + two NRTIs.

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Morning Motivation

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- Paulo Coelho

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