public class Task050625 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Object[] objects = new Object[3];
        objects[0] = 10;
        objects[1] = "Hello";
        objects[2] = new int[]{1, 2, 3};

        System.out.println(objects[0] instanceof Number);
        System.out.println(objects[1] instanceof CharSequence);
        System.out.println(objects[2] instanceof Object);
    }
}

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.liquibase</groupId>
    <artifactId>liquibase-core</artifactId>
    <version>4.25.0</version>
</dependency>

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.liquibase</groupId>
    <artifactId>liquibase-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>4.25.0</version>
    <configuration>
        <changeLogFile>src/main/resources/db/changelog/db.changelog-master.yaml</changeLogFile>
        <url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb</url>
        <username>user</username>
        <password>pass</password>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

mvn liquibase:update

plugins {
    id 'org.liquibase.gradle' version '2.2.0'
}

dependencies {
    liquibaseRuntime 'org.liquibase:liquibase-core:4.25.0'
    liquibaseRuntime 'org.postgresql:postgresql:42.6.0'
}

liquibase {
    changeLogFile 'src/main/resources/db/changelog/db.changelog-master.yaml'
    url 'jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb'
    username 'user'
    password 'pass'
}

gradle liquibaseUpdate

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb
    username: user
    password: pass
  liquibase:
    change-log: classpath:db/changelog/db.changelog-master.yaml
    enabled: true
    contexts: dev  # Фильтрация по контексту

databaseChangeLog:
  - property:
      name: default.schema
      value: public
  - changeSet:
      id: 1
      author: dev
      changes:
        - createTable:
            tableName: ${default.schema}.users
            columns:
              - column:
                  name: id
                  type: INT

default.schema=public

liquibase update -Ddefault.schema=public

- changeSet:
    id: 2
    author: dev
    context: "dev,test"  # Будет выполнен только в dev и test
    changes:
      - insert:
          tableName: users
          columns:
            - column:
                name: username
                value: "test_user"

- changeSet:
    id: 3
    author: dev
    context: "prod"  # Только в production
    changes:
      - createIndex:
          tableName: users
          indexName: idx_user_email
          columns:
            - column:
                name: email

liquibase update --contexts="dev"

spring:
  liquibase:
    contexts: dev

src/main/resources/db/changelog/
├── db.changelog-master.yaml  # Главный файл
├── changes/
│   ├── 001-create-tables.yaml
│   ├── 002-add-indexes.yaml
│   └── 003-insert-data.yaml
└── rollback/
    ├── 001-rollback.yaml    # Ручные откаты

databaseChangeLog:
  - includeAll:
      path: db/changelog/changes/
      relativeToChangelogFile: true

liquibase validate  # Проверка синтаксиса
liquibase update    # Применение в test-DB

@Testcontainers
@SpringBootTest
class LiquibaseMigrationTest {
    @Container
    static PostgreSQLContainer<?> postgres = new PostgreSQLContainer<>("postgres:15");

    @Test
    void testMigrations() {
        // Spring Boot автоматически применит миграции
        assertTrue(true);  # Если не упало — значит, успешно
    }
}

- changeSet:
    id: 20240315-1
    author: dev
    preConditions:
      - tableExists:
          tableName: users
    changes:
      - addColumn:
          tableName: users
          column:
            name: phone
            type: VARCHAR(20)

import java.util.Optional;

public class Task060625 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Optional<String> opt = Optional.ofNullable(null)
                                    .or(() -> Optional.of("Java"))
                                    .map(v -> ((String) v).toUpperCase());

        System.out.println(opt.orElse("Default"));
    }
}

@Configuration
public class MailConfig {

    @Bean
    public JavaMailSender javaMailSender() {
        JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
        mailSender.setHost("smtp.gmail.com");
        mailSender.setPort(587);
        mailSender.setUsername("your.email@gmail.com");

        Properties props = mailSender.getJavaMailProperties();
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
        props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth.mechanisms", "XOAUTH2");

        // Настройка OAuth2 токена через Google API Client Library
        // Подробности: https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/oauth2
        return mailSender;
    }
}

@Service
public class EmailService {

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Autowired
    private TemplateEngine templateEngine;

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EmailService.class);

    public void sendSimpleEmail(String to, String subject, String text) {
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setTo(to);
        message.setSubject(subject);
        message.setText(text);
        mailSender.send(message);
    }

    public void sendHtmlEmail(String to, String subject, String htmlBody) throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true, "UTF-8");
        helper.setTo(to);
        helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText(subject, "UTF-8", null));
        helper.setText(htmlBody, true);
        mailSender.send(message);
    }

    public void sendEmailWithAttachment(String to, String subject, String text, File attachment) throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true, "UTF-8");
        helper.setTo(to);
        helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText(subject, "UTF-8", null));
        helper.setText(text);
        FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(attachment);
        helper.addAttachment(attachment.getName(), file);
        mailSender.send(message);
    }

    @Async
    public CompletableFuture<Void> sendSimpleEmailAsync(String to, String subject, String text IMPORTANT: text) {
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setTo(to);
        message.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText(subject, "UTF-8", null));
        message.setText(text);
        mailSender.send(message);
        return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null);
    }

    public void sendTemplatedEmail(String to, String subject, String username) throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true, "UTF-8");
        Context context = new Context();
        context.setVariable("username", username);
        String htmlBody = templateEngine.process("email-template", context);
        helper.setTo(to);
        helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText(subject, "UTF-8", null));
        helper.setText(htmlBody, true);
        mailSender.send(message);
    }
}

@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class AsyncConfig {
    @Bean
    public Executor taskExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
        executor.setQueueCapacity(100);
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
}

SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setTo("user@example.com");
message.setSubject("Тестовое письмо");
message.setText("Привет из Spring Boot!");
mailSender.send(message);

MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true, "UTF-8");
helper.setTo("user@example.com");
helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText("HTML письмо", "UTF-8", null));
helper.setText("<h1>Привет!</h1><p>Это HTML письмо.</p>", true);
mailSender.send(message);

File file = new File("/path/to/file.pdf");
FileSystemResource resource = new FileSystemResource(file);
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true, "UTF-8");
helper.setTo("user@example.com");
helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText("Письмо с вложением", "UTF-8", null));
helper.setText("Смотри вложение!");
helper.addAttachment("file.pdf", resource);
mailSender.send(message);

MailAuthenticationException
MailSendException
MessagingException

try {
    mailSender.send(message);
} catch (MailException e) {
    logger.error("Ошибка отправки письма", e);
    throw e;
}

@Retryable(value = MailException.class, maxAttempts = 3)
public void sendSimpleEmail(String to, String subject, String text) {
    SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
    message.setTo(to);
    message.setSubject(subject);
    message.setText(text);
    mailSender.send(message);
}

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
</dependency>

@Service
public class EmailService {

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Autowired
    private MeterRegistry meterRegistry;

    public void sendSimpleEmail(String to, String subject, String text) {
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setTo(to);
        message.setSubject(subject);
        message.setText(text);
        try {
            mailSender.send(message);
            meterRegistry.counter("email.sent.success").increment();
        } catch (MailException e) {
            meterRegistry.counter("email.sent.failure").increment();
            throw e;
        }
    }
}

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId>
    <artifactId>micrometer-registry-prometheus</artifactId>
</dependency>

spring.config.import=optional:configserver:http://config-server
spring.mail.password=${MAIL_PASSWORD}

@Testcontainers
@SpringBootTest
public class EmailServiceTest {

    @Container
    private static final GreenMailContainer greenMail = new GreenMailContainer();

    @Autowired
    private EmailService emailService;

    @Test
    void shouldSendEmail() {
        emailService.sendSimpleEmail("test@example.com", "Test Subject", "Test Body");
        assertEquals(1, greenMail.getReceivedMessages().length);
    }
}

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
    <artifactId>greenmail</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

@MockBean
private JavaMailSender mailSender;

@Test
void shouldSendMail() {
    SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
    emailService.sendSimpleEmail("to", "subject", "body");
    verify(mailSender, times(1)).send(any(SimpleMailMessage.class));
}

@Service
public class EmailService {

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void sendEmailToQueue(String to, String subject, String text) {
        EmailMessage email = new EmailMessage(to, subject, text);
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("emailQueue", email);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "emailQueue")
    public void processEmail(EmailMessage email) {
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setTo(email.getTo());
        message.setSubject(email.getSubject());
        message.setText(email.getText());
        mailSender.send(message);
    }

    @Data
    static class EmailMessage {
        private String to;
        private String subject;
        private String text;
    }
}

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

helper.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText("Тема на кириллице", "UTF-8", null));