Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag
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MBBCh ,Tripoli University๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€๐ŸŽ“
GP at TUH๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€โš•๏ธ
Studies arab and Libyan board of internal medicine specialists ๐Ÿฉบ
Medical educator at https://t.me/New_Minds_Edu๐Ÿ’ป
ุงู„ู‚ู†ุงุฉ ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจูƒู„ ุดูŠ ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุจุงุทู†ุฉ .๐Ÿ’Š๐Ÿ’‰
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Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
๐Ÿ”ด#Bedside_Notes
#Cardiovascular / ุฏ.ุฃุณุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ุจู‡ูŠู„ูŠู„

Q1_ What is the mechanism of PND and why it occurs at night ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ โฌ†๏ธ venous return / Flat position
2_ โฌ‡๏ธ sympathetic/ Broncho-construction + โฌ‡๏ธ contractility of heart

Q2_ What are the uses of Slidinifine (Vigra)?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Pulmonary HTN
2_ Erectile dysfunction

Q3_ What is the mechanism of action of Slidenifine ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Vasodilatation
2_ โฌ†๏ธ NO (Nitrous Oxide)

Q4_ What are the causes of Pulmonary HTN ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Lt side HG
2_ Chronic lung disease (Hypoxia)
3_ CTD / SLE
4_ Portal HTN ( porto_pulmonary HTN which occurs in sever advanced liver cirrhosis )
5_ Idiopathic
6_ Congenital

Q5_ What is the age of sudden death ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
Male / 45
Female / 50

Q6_What are the cardiopulmonary diseases which are absolutely C/I for pregnancy?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Sever AS
2_ HOCM
3_ Pulmonary HTN

Q7_ ุนู„ุงุด ู†ุดูˆููˆุง ููŠ ุงู„
central cyanosis
ููŠ ุงู„ Tongue ุŸ
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ High and rich in vasculature
2_ No sympathetic nerve supply
3_ internal organ / ู…ุง ูŠุชุนุฑุถุด ู„ู„ุตู‚ุน ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุตุจุน
โค3
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
Central and peripheral cyanosis.
๐Ÿ‘3
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
๐Ÿ”ด#Bedside_Notes
#Cardiovascular/ ุฏ.ุฑุถุง ุจู† ูุถู„

Q1_ What is the DD of visible pulsation at suprasternal notch ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Thoracic aortic aneurysm
2_ Hyperdynamic circulation
3_ Normal ( Thin person )

Q2_ What is the DD of visible pulsation at Epigastric area ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Abnormal aortic aneurysm
2_ Rt ventricular dilatation
3_ Pulsatile liver ( Due to TR )
4_ Normal (Thin person )

Q3_ What are the causes of displaced apex in pt with MS ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
ุทุจุนุงู‹ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ู…ูุฑูˆุถ lt ventricule ูŠูƒูˆู† normal size
ูุงู„ุงุณุจุงุจ ุญุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุง ุงู…ุง
1_ Rt ventricular dilatation
ูˆ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุชุตูŠุฑ late ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ Backwards symptoms on the lung then on the Rt side of the heart
2_ Presence of other pathology / Congenital heart disease

Q4_ What are the causes of Acute MR ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Acute MI
2_ Endocarditis
3_ Sever chest truma

Q5_ What are the DD of Kussmal sign ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Constictive pericardaitis
2_ Cardiac temponade
3_ Restrictive cardiomyopathy
๐Ÿ‘3
ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ๐ŸŒน

ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุญู†ุฒู„ู„ูƒู… ู…ู„ุฎุตุงุช ุจุนู†ูˆุงู† bedside notes ุŒ ู…ุฌู…ุนุฉ ููŠู‡ู… ุฃุบู„ุจ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุณุฃู„ูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง ุฏูƒุงุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฏุณุงูŠุฏ

ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุชุณุชููŠุฏูˆุง ู…ู†ู‡ู… ๐ŸŒน

ูˆู…ู†ูˆุฑูŠู† ุฃู‚ุณุงู… ุงู„ุจุงุทู†ุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุŒ ุฑุจูŠ ูŠูˆูู‚ูƒู… ูˆ ูŠุณู‡ู„ ุนู„ูŠูƒู…. ๐Ÿคฒ
โค22
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
#Bedside_Notes
CNS / ุฏ.ูุงุทู…ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุนู…ูŠ

Q1_ What is the Definition of normal speech ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
Pt should be understanding you and speak clear for you to understand
NO Aphysia
NO Dysartheria
NO Dysphonia

Q2_ What are the causes of dysphonia?
๐Ÿ‘‡
๐Ÿ”ธ๏ธNon neurological
1_ After prolonged speech
2_ URTI
3_ Mass compression from outside
4_ Hypothyroidism
5_ Post inhaler use
6_ Post intubation
๐Ÿ”ธ๏ธNeurological
Recurrent laryngeal N damage

Q3_ Why you cannot use irritating substance for testing the Olfactory N ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
Bc it will stimulate the 5th cranial N.
โค2๐Ÿ‘2
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
#Bedside_Notes
CNS / ุฏ.ูุงุทู…ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุนู…ูŠ

#Glabbelar_reflex

ุชุจุน ุงู„ 5th cranial N examination
ูƒูŠู ูŠู†ุฏุงุฑ ุŸ
ุชุถุฑุจ ุถุฑุจุฉ ุฎููŠูุฉ ุนุงู„ุฌุจู‡ุฉ (ุจุงู„ู‡ุงู…ุฑ ุงูˆ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑู‡) / ุงู„ response ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠุตูŠุฑ Eye Blinking ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุญุฏุฉ ุงูˆ 2

ู„ูˆ ุงุณุชู…ุฑ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ูƒูŠ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง / Exaggerated.
๐Ÿ‘3
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
Glabbelar reflex.
๐Ÿ‘3
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
#Bedside_Notes
CNS /. ุฏ.ุงู„ุตุฏูŠู‚ ุนุจูˆุฏ

๐Ÿ”ธ๏ธHow to test for congugate eye movement?
๐Ÿ‘‡
ุชุญุท ุงูŠุฏูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฒูˆุฒ ู‚ุฏุงู… ุนูŠูˆู† ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุงูุฉ ู†ุต ู…ุชุฑ
ุจุญูŠุซ ูˆุญุฏุฉ ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ๐Ÿ– ูˆ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุณูƒุฑุฉโœŠ

ูˆ ุชู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ู…ุฑุฉ ูŠุดูˆู ู„ู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ๐Ÿ– ุŒ ูˆ ู…ุฑุฉ ูŠุดูˆู ู„ู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ุณูƒุฑุฉ โœŠ

ูˆ ุชุฑุงู‚ุจ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠูˆู† ู‡ู„ ูŠุชุญุฑูƒูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ ุฃู…ูˆุฑู‡ู… ุชู…ุงู… ุงูˆ ู„ุง.
๐Ÿ‘4๐Ÿ”ฅ1
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
โค3
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
How to examine pt with parkinson ๐Ÿ‘‡

โ—ฝ ุชุจุฏุง ุจุงู„Face. ๐Ÿง‘

1_ ุงุฏูŠุฑู„ู‡ test for eye movement ๐Ÿ‘€
โฌ…๏ธ( ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ parkinson ูŠุจุฏุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… impaired eye movement ุฎุงุตุฉ ุงู„ up gaze ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ Bradykynesia )

2_ ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠุจุชุณู… ๐Ÿ˜ƒ
โฌ…๏ธ (ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ parkinson ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุญุฑูƒ ุนุถู„ุงุช ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ Mask face ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ bradykynesia )

3_ ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ( ู…ุชู„ุงู‹ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ) ูˆ ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู…ุฑุฉ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ุจุตูˆุช ุนุงู„ูŠ ูˆ ู…ุฑุฉ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ุจุตูˆุช ูˆุงุชูŠ๐Ÿ—ฃ
โฌ…๏ธ( ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ parkinson ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุนู„ูŠ ูˆ ูŠูˆุทูŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ู…ุชุนู‡ monotonous speech ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ Bradykynesia )

โ—ฝุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ Hand ๐Ÿ‘

1_ ุชุดูˆู ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ Tremor ุงูˆ ู„ุง
โฌ…๏ธ(ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ parkinson ูŠุจุฏุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ Resting or static tremor )

2_ ุชุนุทูŠู‡ ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ูˆ ุจูŠุฑูˆ ูˆ ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠูƒุชุจ ๐Ÿ“
โฌ…๏ธ( ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡parkinson ุงู„ุฎุท ู…ุชุนู‡ ูŠุจุฏุง ุตุบูŠุฑ Microgaphia )

3_ ุงุฏูŠุฑ test for ms tone
โฌ…๏ธ ( ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ parkinson ุญูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ Hypertonia / Rigidity )

โ—ฝ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ lower limb

1_ ุงุฏูŠุฑ Test for ms tone
โฌ…๏ธ ( ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ parkinson ุญูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ Hypertonia / Rigidity )

2_ ุชูˆู‚ู ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆ ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠู…ุดูŠ assess the gait ุŒ ุชุฎู„ูŠู‡ ูŠู…ุดูŠ ู…ุณุงูุฉ ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠุบูŠุฑ ู…ุณุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุดูŠ ุŒ ูŠุชู„ูุช ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงูˆ ูŠุณุงุฑ ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠูˆู‚ู .๐Ÿšถโ€โ™‚๏ธ
โฌ…๏ธ (pt with parkinson have Shuffling gait , difficult to start , difficult to stop , difficult to turns around / Due to Bradykynesia )
๐Ÿ‘7
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
#CNS๐Ÿง 
#bedside_notes๐Ÿ“
ุฏ.ุฌู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุจุงุฑูˆู†ูŠ

How to examine mental status of pt ?

ุดู†ูˆ ุฅุณู…ูƒุŸ
ุดู†ูˆ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุชูˆุง ( ุตุจุญ ุŒ ุนุดูŠุฉ ูˆ ู„ุง ู„ูŠู„ ) ุŸ
ูˆูŠู† ุงู†ุช ุชูˆุง ุŸ
**ูุฑุถุงู‹ ุนุฑู ูˆ ู‚ุงู„ูƒ ุงู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ุŒ ุชุณุฃู„ู‡ ๐Ÿ‘‡
ุนู„ุงุด ุฌูŠุช ู„ู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ุŸ
ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงุจูƒ ู„ู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ุŸ
**ู„ูˆ ููŠู‡ ู…ุนุงู‡ Relative ุชุณุฃู„ู‡ ๐Ÿ‘‡
ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุนุงูƒ ุŸ
**(ูุฑุถุงู‹ ู…ุนุงู‡ ูˆู„ุฏู‡ ) ุชุณุฃู„ู‡ ๐Ÿ‘‡
ูˆู„ุฏูƒ ู‚ุฏุงุด ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุŒ ู…ูˆุงู„ูŠุฏ ูƒู… ุŸ!
ุชูˆุฑูŠู‡ ุณุงุนุฉ ูˆ ู„ุง ุชู„ูŠููˆู† ูˆ ู„ุง ุจูŠุฑูˆ ูˆ ุชุณุฃู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุดู†ูˆ ุŸ
ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠุนุฏ ุจุงู„ุนูƒุณ (ุนุดุฑุฉ / ุชุณุนุฉ .....)
ุชุณุฃู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ (ู…ุชู„ุงู‹ ุŒ ุนู…ูŠ ู…ู„ุญู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุบุงุฑุฉ ุŸ ููŠ ุงูŠ ุณู†ุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช )
NB:- 1st 3 Questions to assess the orientation for time , place and person .

ุจุงู„ุชูˆููŠู‚ .๐Ÿ’™๐Ÿ’œ
๐Ÿ”ฅ3๐Ÿ‘2
๐Ÿ‘1
๐Ÿ‘1๐Ÿฅฐ1
ู„ู…ุง ุชุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู‡ุณุชูˆุฑูŠ ู…ู† ุจูŠุดู†ุช ูˆ ุชุฒุจุทูˆุง ุงู„ Diagnosis .๐Ÿ˜‚
๐Ÿ˜11๐Ÿ‘1
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
#Bedside_Notes
โ—ปRespiratory (ุฏ.ุฎู„ูŠูุฉ ุฏุนูŠุจ)

Q1_ What is the DD of large amount of sputum?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Bronchiactesis
2_ Alveolar cell carcinoma

Q2_ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู‚ุงู„ูƒ ุงู„ุจู„ุบู… ู…ุชุนูŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ูุฌุงุกุฉ ู…ู† Small amout ุงู„ูŠ large amount ุŒ ุดู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุตุงูŠุฑู„ู‡ ุŸ
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Ruptured abscess
2_ Empyema

Q3_ Why an ECG is recommended in pt with respiratory diseases?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ Drugs S/E..(Sulbutamol / Sinus Tachycardia )
2_ Chest infections exacerbates arrhythmia
( ุฎุงุตุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ AF ุชู†ูˆุถ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑู„ู‡ pneumonia )
3_ pts with chronic respiratory diseases are risky for Core pulmonale .

https://t.me/internal_medicine_Dr_Doha๐ŸŒธ
โค4๐Ÿ‘4
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
#Bedside_Notes
โ—ปRespiratory ( ุฏ.ู†ุนูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠ)

Q1_ What are the drugs which exacerbates the br.asthma ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ B,Blockers
2_ NSAID / Aspirin, Voltarin , Ipopruphen
3_ ACEIs

Q2_ ุงู…ุชู‰ ู†ุณู…ุน Course crepitation
ููŠ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุงู„ Br. Asthma ?
๐Ÿ‘‡
1_ If associated with Superimposed Infection
2_ If associated with Bronchiactasis

https://t.me/internal_medicine_Dr_Doha๐ŸŒน
๐Ÿ‘2โค1
Forwarded from Internal Medicine By Doha Rawag (Doha Ali Rawaq)
Blue Bloater vs Pink Puffer
โค3