Management of acute hyponatremia

🟪Most common cause of Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is ➡️ Acute CHF

🟪Most common cause of non cardiogenic pulmonary edema is ➡️ Renal artery stenosis

#Important_noes📝

🟨The most common cause of COPD exacerbation is

➡️Hemophillus influnza Infection

#Important_noes 📝

🟪Key points 📝
#Gastroenterology

Jundice + newly diagnosed DM = Hemochromatosis

Jundice + abnormal movement = Wilsone disease

Jundice + itching = PBC

Jundice + H/O UC = PSC

Jundice + fever + RUQ pain = Ascending cholngitis

H/O DM + HTN + smoking + H/O post prandial abdominal pain = Mesenteric ischemia

Multiple ulcers + diarrhea = Zolinger syndrome

🟨PBC and ( role of M)📝

Ig M
Anti Mitochondrial Abs
M2 subtype
Middle aged female

🟨Most common site of ischaemic colitis is

➡️Splenic flexure

🟨Dyphagia📝

Dysphagia to both fluids and solids = Achalasia
Dysphagia to solids only = Malignancy

🟨Most common complications of refeeding syndrome is

➡️Hypo_phosphataemia

🟨Alcoholic hepatitis
⬆️AST > ALT 2:1

🟨Non Alcoholic fatty liver
⬆️ALT > AST

عكس بعض ركزوا عليهم📝

🟨Severity of COPD categorised by using

➡️FEV 1

🟨Factors which improve survival in COPD

Smoking cessation
LTOT
Lung volume reduction surgery

🟨CXR in patient with PE is usually

➡️Normal

مهماااااات جداً📝

🟨Genetic inheritance in hematological diseases

G6P deficiency ➡️ X linked recessive

HS + VWD ➡️ AD

Sickle cell anemia and Thalassemia ➡️
AR

#Important_noes 📝

🟨First sign in PBF in pt with vit B12 deficiency is

➡️Hypersegmented neutrophils

🟪key points 📝
#Hematology

Symptoms of anemia + neurological symptoms = Vit B 12 deficiency

Symptoms of anemia + neurological symptoms + H/O autoimmune diseases = Pernicious anemia

Pruritus after hot bath = PRV

Lower backpack + symptoms of hypercalcemia + high ESR = Multiple myeloma

Thrombocytopenia + hemolytic anemia + renal dysfunction + neurological symptoms = TTP