There are a range of different types of method to study astronomy, largely based on the type of equipment being used. These include; radio astronomy, optical astronomy, infra-red astronomy, ultraviolet astronomy, x-ray astronomy and gamma-ray astronomy.
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Claudius Ptolemy, a second-century astronomer working in Alexandria, Egypt, wrote thirteen volumes on his observations that were so influential that they came to be known as the Almagest, Arabic for "the greatest". Ptolemy's theories, which held that the Earth stood still in the heavens while the moon, sun, and planets moved around it and that the stars sat in a concave dome that arched over the universe, were completely wrong; however, the influence of these theories held back the science of astronomy for nearly 1,500 years.
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Cosmologists believe most galaxies have a super-massive black hole at their centre, with a mass of between 1 million, or billions of times that of the Sun. All of a black hole’s matter is crushed into a tiny point of infinite gravity called a singularity. Science’s understanding of physics, space, and time breaks down beyond the black hole’s event horizon, the boundary of no return where not even light has the speed to escape its immense gravity.
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Quantum physics shows how radiation from a hot object is emitted in little chunks that are called quanta.
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Einstein received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, the phenomenon by which electrons are knocked out of matter by electromagnetic radiation such as light.
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Planck's constant is very important to quantum theory and quantum mechanics in general. It states that the energy of each quantum is equal to the frequency of the radiation multiplied by the universal constant: E=f*h, where h is 6.63 * 10E-34 Js.
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750 light years from Earth. TrEs-2b is the darkest planet ever found. It is the size of Jupiter & even blacker than coal. It absorbs almost 100% of light that falls on it.
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Neptune’s Great Dark Spot
The Great Dark Spot in the southern atmosphere of Neptune was first discovered in 1989 by the Voyager 2 spacecraft. It was an incredibly large rotating storm system with winds of upto 1,500 miles per hour, the strongest winds recorded on any planet. How such powerful winds were discovered on a planet so far from the sun is still considered a mystery to this day.
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The Whirlpool Galaxy (M51) was the very first celestial object to be identified as being spiral.
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Mark Twain was born around the time when Halley’s Comet passed the earth and he predicted that he would die during its next visit. He wrote “here are these two unaccountable freaks; they came in together, they must go out together” He died the day after Halley’s Comet returned.
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Every atom in your body was once part of a star.
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Pluto is smaller than the United States. If you were to walk around the equator of Pluto it would be the same distance as walking from London to Denver (well, give or take 56 miles).
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The Sun makes a full rotation once every 25 – 35 days.
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A light year is the distance that light can travel in one year. It works out at about 10 million million kilometres (6 million million miles)!
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Footprints left on the Moon won’t disappear as there is no wind.
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The highest mountain discovered is the Olympus Mons, which is located on Mars.
Olympus Mons compared to Mount Everest, its peak is 16 miles (25 km) high, making it nearly 3 times higher than Mount Everest. And not only is it tall, but it’s also 374,015 ft² (114,000 m²) wide – that’s an area the size of Arizona!
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All the planets in our solar system could fit inside Jupiter.
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The sun is 330,330 times larger than the Earth.

The longest possible eclipse of the sun is 7.31 minutes.
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Earth is the only planet not named after a gods.
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The Moon is moving approximately 3.8 cm away from our planet every year. It is estimated that it will continue to do so for around 50 billion years. By the time that happens, the Moon will be taking around 47 days to orbit the Earth instead of the current 27.3 days.
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When all the Hydrogen has been burned, the Sun will continue for about 130 million more years, burning Helium, during which time it will expand to the point that it will engulf Mercury and Venus and the Earth. At this stage it will have become a red giant.
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