💐Indian women's cricket team won their first-ever ICC Women's ODI World Cup on November 2, 2025, by defeating South Africa by 52 runs in the final at the DY Patil Stadium in Navi Mumbai.
Shafali Verma scored 87 runs, while Deepti Sharma took key wickets, leading India to a total of 298/7
💁🏻♂️Mithali Raj, a legendary former captain and highest run-scorer in women's international cricket, was appointed as a member of the ICC Women's Cricket Committee in 2026. In this role, she helps shape the global competitive landscape and policies of women’s cricket, leveraging her 23-year career, including leading India to two World Cup finals
In the 2025 ICC Women's Cricket World Cup final, South Africa's Laura Wolvaardt scored the highest, making 101 runs off 98 balls in a losing effort against India. India won their maiden World Cup title by 52 runs at Navi Mumbai, led by 87 from Shafali Verma and 58 from Deepti Sharma.
🔡 In the 2025 ICC Women's Cricket World Cup, Deepti Sharma made history by becoming the first player—male or female—to achieve the rare double of scoring 200+ runs and taking 20+ wickets in a single edition
Inaugural Winner: England won the first tournament in 1973.
Most Titles: Australia has won the most Women's World Cups.
2025 Edition: India secured their first title, defeating South Africa in the final held at home, making them the fourth team to win the World Cup, notes this YouTube video.
Shafali Verma scored 87 runs, while Deepti Sharma took key wickets, leading India to a total of 298/7
💁🏻♂️Mithali Raj, a legendary former captain and highest run-scorer in women's international cricket, was appointed as a member of the ICC Women's Cricket Committee in 2026. In this role, she helps shape the global competitive landscape and policies of women’s cricket, leveraging her 23-year career, including leading India to two World Cup finals
In the 2025 ICC Women's Cricket World Cup final, South Africa's Laura Wolvaardt scored the highest, making 101 runs off 98 balls in a losing effort against India. India won their maiden World Cup title by 52 runs at Navi Mumbai, led by 87 from Shafali Verma and 58 from Deepti Sharma.
Inaugural Winner: England won the first tournament in 1973.
Most Titles: Australia has won the most Women's World Cups.
2025 Edition: India secured their first title, defeating South Africa in the final held at home, making them the fourth team to win the World Cup, notes this YouTube video.
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The ICC Men's Cricket World Cup is a premier international One Day International (ODI) cricket tournament held every four years. Australia is the most successful team, winning six titles (1987, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2015, 2023). Australia is the defending champion, having defeated India in the 2023 final
💁♀️Most Successful: Australia (6 titles).
Other Winners: West Indies (1975, 1979), India (1983, 2011), Pakistan (1992), Sri Lanka (1996), England (2019).
💁♀️Most Successful: Australia (6 titles).
Other Winners: West Indies (1975, 1979), India (1983, 2011), Pakistan (1992), Sri Lanka (1996), England (2019).
DISASTER MANAGEMENT (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2025
🌿Karnataka has constituted UDMA for Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike.
🌿address the issue of urban disaster risk management and have a focused approach towards urban issues, an enabling provision ‘41A’ has been made through amendment in the Disaster Management Act, 2005, empowering the State Governments to constitute Urban Disaster Management Authority (UDMA) in State Capitals and all cities having Municipal Corporation (excluding NCT of Delhi and Union Territory of Chandigarh) for dealing with city specific disasters more effectively.
😎 The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) was launched by the Prime Minister at the United Nations Climate Action Summit in New York on September 23, 2019. So far, 53 countries and 12 international organizations have joined as its members.
🌿Karnataka has constituted UDMA for Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike.
🌿address the issue of urban disaster risk management and have a focused approach towards urban issues, an enabling provision ‘41A’ has been made through amendment in the Disaster Management Act, 2005, empowering the State Governments to constitute Urban Disaster Management Authority (UDMA) in State Capitals and all cities having Municipal Corporation (excluding NCT of Delhi and Union Territory of Chandigarh) for dealing with city specific disasters more effectively.
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🌿India is the world’s second-largest fish producer, contributing 8% to global output, ranks second in aquaculture production, leads in shrimp production and export, and is the second-largest producer in capture fisheries.
🌴Blue Revolution, Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund (FIDF), Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) and Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PMMKSSY).
🌿Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDDKY) is designed to catalyse growth in 100 Agri Aspirational districts. The scheme ensures saturation-based convergence of 36 schemes from 11 ministries, benefiting 1.7 crore farmers directly including the Department of Fisheries schemes namely PMMSY, PMMKSSY and Kisan Credit Card for Fisheries Sector. The scheme aims to promote sustainable growth of the fisheries and aquaculture sector by enhancing production, productivity, and value creation. It seeks to improve incomes and livelihoods of fishers and fish farmers through risk mitigation, credit access, and expansion of aquaculture activities.
🥶A Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) is a land-based, controlled-environment technology that rears fish in high-density tanks by continuously filtering and reusing up to 90–99% of the water. It utilizes mechanical filtration for solid removal and biological filtration to convert toxic ammonia into nitrate, maintaining optimal water quality for accelerated growth while minimizing land and water use
🫰 Biofloc technology is a system of aquaculture that uses "microbial biotechnology to increase the efficacy and utilization of fish feeds, where toxic materials such as nitrogen components are treated and converted to a useful product, like a protein for using as supplementary feeds to the fish and crustaceans
🌴Blue Revolution, Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund (FIDF), Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) and Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PMMKSSY).
🌿Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDDKY) is designed to catalyse growth in 100 Agri Aspirational districts. The scheme ensures saturation-based convergence of 36 schemes from 11 ministries, benefiting 1.7 crore farmers directly including the Department of Fisheries schemes namely PMMSY, PMMKSSY and Kisan Credit Card for Fisheries Sector. The scheme aims to promote sustainable growth of the fisheries and aquaculture sector by enhancing production, productivity, and value creation. It seeks to improve incomes and livelihoods of fishers and fish farmers through risk mitigation, credit access, and expansion of aquaculture activities.
🥶A Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) is a land-based, controlled-environment technology that rears fish in high-density tanks by continuously filtering and reusing up to 90–99% of the water. It utilizes mechanical filtration for solid removal and biological filtration to convert toxic ammonia into nitrate, maintaining optimal water quality for accelerated growth while minimizing land and water use
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Inland saline-alkaline culture converts unproductive salt-affected inland, groundwater, and wastelands into productive aquaculture zones, mainly for Pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) and tilapia.
🐦🔥By managing ionic imbalances—low potassium/high magnesium—this sustainable method turns barren land into "wealth land" while alleviating pressure on coastal ecosystems.
💐Technological Support: Support includes technology, training, and training for farmers in nutrient management and disease control, supported in India under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)
🐦🔥By managing ionic imbalances—low potassium/high magnesium—this sustainable method turns barren land into "wealth land" while alleviating pressure on coastal ecosystems.
💐Technological Support: Support includes technology, training, and training for farmers in nutrient management and disease control, supported in India under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)
UPSC PRELIMS 2026
Inland saline-alkaline culture converts unproductive salt-affected inland, groundwater, and wastelands into productive aquaculture zones, mainly for Pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) and tilapia. 🐦🔥By managing ionic imbalances—low potassium/high magnesium—this…
Water & Soil Treatment
Gypsum (CaSO₄) added
👉 reduces alkalinity (replaces sodium with calcium)
Organic manure added
👉 improves soil structure + microbial activity
Gypsum (CaSO₄) added
👉 reduces alkalinity (replaces sodium with calcium)
Organic manure added
👉 improves soil structure + microbial activity
Kisan Credit Card (KCC): The Government of India with effect from the financial year 2018-19 has extended the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) facility to fishers and fish famers to help them to meet their working capital requirements. A total of 4.49 lakh KCCs with a loan amount of Rs 3569.60 crore has been sanctioned, till date to fishers and fish farmers.
Coldwater fisheries clusters in India, notably in Jammu & Kashmir (Anantnag), Uttarakhand (Pithoragarh), and Himachal Pradesh (Kullu), are specialized zones developed under PMMSY to enhance trout and mahseer production.
🍀 Murrel production and processing cluster is established in Telangana’s Mancherial district under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) to boost the production of high-value snakehead fish
😉 World Fisheries Day 2025 with the theme India’s Blue Transformation: Strengthening Value Addition in Seafood Exports on 21st November 2025,
On National Fish Farmer Day 2025 on 10th July 2025,
🍀 Murrel production and processing cluster is established in Telangana’s Mancherial district under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) to boost the production of high-value snakehead fish
On National Fish Farmer Day 2025 on 10th July 2025,
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The SCO has two Permanent Bodies: (i) SCO Secretariat in Beijing; and (ii)
Executive Committee of the SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) in Tashkent.
The current SCO Secretary General Mr. Nurlan Yermekbaev (Former Minister of
Defence of Kazakhstan) assumed charge in January 2025, for a period of three years.
India contributes 5.9% to the SCO annual budget. India also has two quota posts
(Deputy Secretary General and Referent) each in the SCO Secretariat in Beijing and in
the SCO-RATS headquarters in Tashkent
🤢India also directed the cooperation in SCO towards five new verticals like
Startups and Innovation, Traditional Medicine, Science and Technology, Youth
Empowerment and Shared Buddhist Heritage. Varanasi as the 1st SCO Cultural and
Tourism Capital for 2022-23 hosted several events with the active participation from
the Member States.
😜 Laos was officially accepted as a dialogue partner of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) on September 1, 2025, during the SCO summit in Tianjin, China. This move strengthens the Beijing-led bloc's influence in Southeast Asia and marks a step for Laos towards deeper economic and security integration.
Executive Committee of the SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) in Tashkent.
The current SCO Secretary General Mr. Nurlan Yermekbaev (Former Minister of
Defence of Kazakhstan) assumed charge in January 2025, for a period of three years.
India contributes 5.9% to the SCO annual budget. India also has two quota posts
(Deputy Secretary General and Referent) each in the SCO Secretariat in Beijing and in
the SCO-RATS headquarters in Tashkent
🤢India also directed the cooperation in SCO towards five new verticals like
Startups and Innovation, Traditional Medicine, Science and Technology, Youth
Empowerment and Shared Buddhist Heritage. Varanasi as the 1st SCO Cultural and
Tourism Capital for 2022-23 hosted several events with the active participation from
the Member States.
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🌿May 2025, Japan enacted a landmark piece of legislation — the Act on the Promotion of Research, Development and Utilisation of Artificial Intelligence-Related Technologies
🍀This model rests on two key assumptions. First, that innovation ecosystems thrive better in the absence of rigid regulatory burdens. Second, that voluntary cooperation — when guided by national coordination and ethical principles — can effectively mitigate risks associated with the misuse of AI. Article 13 of the Act affirms the government’s responsibility to develop guidelines that reflect international norms and prevent harm, such as misuse, privacy breaches, or intellectual property violations. However, it stops short of codifying hard rules or penalties.
💁♀️AI space — under the G7 Hiroshima Process, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development frameworks, and the UN’s AI advisory body
🍀This model rests on two key assumptions. First, that innovation ecosystems thrive better in the absence of rigid regulatory burdens. Second, that voluntary cooperation — when guided by national coordination and ethical principles — can effectively mitigate risks associated with the misuse of AI. Article 13 of the Act affirms the government’s responsibility to develop guidelines that reflect international norms and prevent harm, such as misuse, privacy breaches, or intellectual property violations. However, it stops short of codifying hard rules or penalties.
💁♀️AI space — under the G7 Hiroshima Process, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development frameworks, and the UN’s AI advisory body
IPEF was launched on 23 May 2022 at Tokyo, Japan, comprising 14 countries – Australia, Brunei, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam and USA. The IPEF seeks to strengthen economic engagement and cooperation among partner countries with the goal of advancing growth, economic stability and prosperity in the region.
The framework is structured around four pillars relating to Trade (Pillar I); Supply Chain Resilience (Pillar II); Clean Economy (Pillar III); and Fair Economy (Pillar IV). India has ratified Agreement on Supply Chain Resilience (Pillar II) in February 2024 and has maintained an observer status in Pillar-I
🔡 India has officially signed three of the four pillars under the US-led Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF), focusing on Supply Chains (Pillar II), Clean Economy (Pillar III), and Fair Economy (Pillar IV)
The framework is structured around four pillars relating to Trade (Pillar I); Supply Chain Resilience (Pillar II); Clean Economy (Pillar III); and Fair Economy (Pillar IV). India has ratified Agreement on Supply Chain Resilience (Pillar II) in February 2024 and has maintained an observer status in Pillar-I
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The Financial Stability Board (FSB) is an international body established in April 2009 that monitors and makes recommendations about the global financial system to promote stability. Based in Basel, Switzerland, it coordinates national financial authorities and international standard-setting bodies, focusing on risk assessment, regulatory policy development, and implementation monitoring.
The Ministry of Mines has entered into bilateral agreements with mineral-rich countries including Australia, Argentina, Zambia, Peru, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi and Côte d’Ivoire. India also participates in multilateral platforms such as the Minerals Security Partnership (MSP), the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF) and the initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies (iCET), which collectively support efforts to build resilient critical minerals supply chains