If you want to see change, start with yourself. Get Better, do better. A positive mindset will get you far. Stay focused on your purpose..🍁🍁🍁🦋🦋🦋

Notice JUNIOR ENGINEER (CIVIL, MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND QUANTITY SURVEYING & CONTRACTS) EXAMINATION, 2019 Submission of online applications: 13.08.2019 to 12.09.2019
Last date for receipt of applications: 12.09.2019 (17:00)

Last date for making online fee payment: 14.09.2019 (17:00)

Last date for generation of offline Challan: 14.09.2019 (17:00)

Last date for payment through Challan (during working hours of Bank): 16.09.2019 Date of Computer Based Examination (Paper-I): To be notified later Date of Paper-II (Conventional): To be notified later

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Never forget:
1) where you came from
2) the people who helped you,
3) those you can inspire

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💥Froude number's for Hydraulic Jump

🔹 Subcritical - <1

🔸 Critical (No jump) - 1

🔹 Supercritical - >1

🔸Undular jump - 1 to 1.7

🔹 Weak jump - 1.7 to 2.5

🔸 Oscillating jump - 2.5 to 4.5

🔹 Steady jump - 4.5 to 9

🔸 Strong jump -  ≥ 9

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Answer is D) Invar tape.

Honeycomb in concrete

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What is Honeycomb?

---**Honeycombs** are hollow spaces and cavities left in concrete mass on the surface or inside the mass where concrete could not reach. These look like honey bees nest.


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Causes of honeycomb in Concrete:

1 .Insufficient compaction to concrete.
2 .Less cover to reinforcement bars.
3 .Improper Workability in concrete
4 .Concrete already set before placing .
5 .High concrete free fall while pouring
6 .Form work not watertight/rigid.
7 .More coarse aggrgegates than designed mix proportions and over sized aggregates.
8 .Improper placement of bars at column and beam junction.
9 .Addition of more water than designed at site for achieving workability.
10 .Steel congestion not allowing concrete flow to all corner.

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🔴 TYPES OF SOIL 🔴

♦️ Aeolian soil :- Transported by wind

♦️ Alluvial soil:- Transported by river

♦️ Lacustrine soil:- Transported by lake

♦️ Marine soil:- Transported by sea

♦️ Loess:- Transported by wind

♦️ Talus:- Transported by gravitational force

♦️ Drift:- Transported by ice or glacier

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Specific gravity values for different Soils

📌 Sand :- 2.65-2.67

📌 Silty sand :- 2.67-2.7

📌 Inorganic Clay :- 2.7-2.8

📌 Soil with mica or iron :- 2.75-2.8

📌 Organic soil :- 1-2.6

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💥 Important points from thermal stresses (Strength of materials)

👉 Stresses produced due to change in temperatures(Rise/Fall) are called as thermal stresses

👉 Actual meaning of coefficient of thermal expansion is strain produced per unit change in temperature

👉 Unit of Coefficient of thermal expansion = per degree celcius

👉 Coefficient of thermal expansion for different materials
⚡ Aluminium = 24 x 10^(-6)
⚡ Copper = 17.5 x 10^(-6)
⚡ Steel = 12 x 10^(-6)

👉 Higher the value of coefficient of thermal expansion, more will be the material sensitive for temperature change

👉 For the bar free to expand, with change in temperature (rise/fall), no stress is developed

👉 Prismatic bar with rigidly supported at both ends
⚡ As temperature increases, compressive stresses are developes on bar
⚡ As temperature decreases, tensile stresses are developes on bar

👉 Copper bar is in series with steel bar
⚡ As temperature increases, compressive stresses are developed on both copper and steel bar
⚡ As temperature decreases, tensile stresses are developed on both copper and steel bar

👉 Copper plate is in parallel with steel plate and form a composite
⚡ As temperature increases, compressive stress developed on copper and tensile stress developed on steel
⚡ As temperature decreases, tensile stress developed on copper and compressive stress developed on steel

👉 Copper rod is enclosed in steel tube and both are rigidly fixed at ends
⚡ As temperature increases, Compressive stresses are developes on both copper and steel
⚡ As temperature decreases, tensile stresses are developes on both copper and steel

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