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Electric Charges and Fields
1. Electric Charge Charge is the property associated with matter due to which it produces and experiences electric and magnetic effect.
2. Conductors and Insulators Those substances which readily allow the passage of electricity through them are called conductors, e.g. metals, the earth and those substances which offer high resistance to the passage of electricity are called insulators, e.g. plastic rod and nylon.
3. Transference of electrons is the cause of frictional electricity.
4. Additivity of Charges- Charge are scalars and they add up like real numbers. It means if a system consists of n charges q1, q2, q3 , … ,qn, then total charge of the system will be q1 +q2 + … +qn.
5. Conservation of Charge The total charge of an isolated system is always conserved, i.e. initial and final charge of the system will be same.
6. Quantisation of Charge -Charge exists in discrete amount rather than continuous value and hence, quantised.
Mathematically, charge on an object, q=±ne
where, n is an integer and e is electronic charge. When any physical quantity exists in discrete packets rather than in continuous amount, the quantity is said to be quantised. Hence, charge is quantised.
7. Units of Charge
(i) SI unit coulomb (C)
(ii) CGS system
(a) electrostatic unit, esu of charge or stat-coulomb (stat-C)
(b) electromagnetic unit, emu of charge or ab-C (ab-coulomb)
1 ab-C = 10 C, 1 C = 3 x 109 stat-C
1. Electric Charge Charge is the property associated with matter due to which it produces and experiences electric and magnetic effect.
2. Conductors and Insulators Those substances which readily allow the passage of electricity through them are called conductors, e.g. metals, the earth and those substances which offer high resistance to the passage of electricity are called insulators, e.g. plastic rod and nylon.
3. Transference of electrons is the cause of frictional electricity.
4. Additivity of Charges- Charge are scalars and they add up like real numbers. It means if a system consists of n charges q1, q2, q3 , … ,qn, then total charge of the system will be q1 +q2 + … +qn.
5. Conservation of Charge The total charge of an isolated system is always conserved, i.e. initial and final charge of the system will be same.
6. Quantisation of Charge -Charge exists in discrete amount rather than continuous value and hence, quantised.
Mathematically, charge on an object, q=±ne
where, n is an integer and e is electronic charge. When any physical quantity exists in discrete packets rather than in continuous amount, the quantity is said to be quantised. Hence, charge is quantised.
7. Units of Charge
(i) SI unit coulomb (C)
(ii) CGS system
(a) electrostatic unit, esu of charge or stat-coulomb (stat-C)
(b) electromagnetic unit, emu of charge or ab-C (ab-coulomb)
1 ab-C = 10 C, 1 C = 3 x 109 stat-C
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Yeka subcity G-12 Model Exam all subjects.zip
4.9 MB
Grade 12 model exam all subject for natural and social with their answer key
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Forwarded from ኢትዮ English
WHAT ARE... QUANTIFIERS?
Quantifiers tell us how much or how many of something there is. We have seen how we use 'any' and 'some' to mean 'not nothing' but here are some more going from smallest to largest.
For when there is nothing, we use 'no', 'none of':
- We have no water and none of the lights are working.
For a small amount we use 'few' or 'little':
- There were few problems and little trouble.
For a larger amount we use 'many/much' or 'lots of':
- Many people have lots of time but don't do much with it.
When it's nearly everything we use 'most':
- Most cats cats go crazy for catnip.
For 100%, we use 'all' and also 'every' or 'each':
- All of these posts were written by me - each and every one!
JOIN 👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇
❤️ @ethio_english10 ✅
❤️ @ethio_english10 ✅
Quantifiers tell us how much or how many of something there is. We have seen how we use 'any' and 'some' to mean 'not nothing' but here are some more going from smallest to largest.
For when there is nothing, we use 'no', 'none of':
- We have no water and none of the lights are working.
For a small amount we use 'few' or 'little':
- There were few problems and little trouble.
For a larger amount we use 'many/much' or 'lots of':
- Many people have lots of time but don't do much with it.
When it's nearly everything we use 'most':
- Most cats cats go crazy for catnip.
For 100%, we use 'all' and also 'every' or 'each':
- All of these posts were written by me - each and every one!
JOIN 👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇
❤️ @ethio_english10 ✅
❤️ @ethio_english10 ✅
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📚📑 የ እንግሊዘኛ Grammar እና ጥያቄ ምታገኙበት ቻናል ነው😊😊
JOIN 👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇
❤️ @ethio_english10 ✅
❤️ @ethio_english10 ✅
JOIN 👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇
❤️ @ethio_english10 ✅
❤️ @ethio_english10 ✅
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