هاي بيها شرح الفصل 8

Chapter 9_ words

Grammar 1st month - morning class B
أسئلة گرمر شهر أول صباحي شعبة B

الحل
https://t.me/Homeworks_3/636

Grammar 1st month - morning class B
أسئلة گرمر شهر أول صباحي شعبة B

### Q1
A- True or False (correct the mistaken statements)

1. False. All affixes are bound morphemes.
2. False. Infixes are used with irregular nouns, verbs, or adjectives.
3. True.
4. False. The same pronunciation but not the same meanings.
5. True.
6. False. (-ing is adjectival)

B- Identify the (-ed) in the following sentences as: Verbal, or Adjectival (3 marks)

1. The judge looked so frustrated.
- Looked (Verbal) - Frustrated (Adjectival)
2. First-grade students have designed the billboard.
- Designed (Verbal)
3. Iraqi museums have been neglected for ages.
- Neglected (Adjectival)

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### Q2
A- Underline the base in:
1. views (base: view)
2. export (base: port)
3. Signature (base: sign)
4. Possible (base: possible كل الكلمة)


Q2 B/ Some allomorphs are phonologically conditioned and others are more morphologically conditioned. BRIEFLY. discuss them with examples for each case.

The answer:

1. Regular plural and past forms of words are conditioned by the phoneme.
Examples:
[s pl]: Nouns مال جمع الأسماء
/s/ cats - after voiceless
/z/ dogs - after voiced
/ɪz/ boxes

[d pt]: Past form of verb مال الفعل الماضي
/t/ laughed
/d/ waved
/ɪd/ waited

2. Irregular forms are conditioned by the morpheme

Nouns:
Foot » feet
Ox » oxen
Fish » fish اي تبقى نفسها

Verbs:
Give » gave
Choose » chose نبقي o وحدة
Put » put اي نفسها

Q1 B

(-ed) Verbal or Adjectival?


Adjectival:



- a, an, the أدوات التعريف

أدوات الملكية
- my, your, his, her, its, our, their

- this, that, these, those أدوات الإشارة


ومال العدد والكمية
- some, many, few, several


- very, really, extremely, quite

- Adv: الظروف
somewhat, rather, fairly, nearly

Cp/ Sl: أدوات المقارنة والمفاضلة
more, most, less, least

Q 4/ Underline the compound words and write down their grammatical structure:

نموذج A

نموذج B

Q4/ نموذج B
3. Afternoon: Prepositional phrase


نموذج C

لتنسون أول شي تجرون خط تحت الكلمات المركبة (compound words)

Q1 B/ identify the (-ly) in the following sentences are adverbial or adjectival
نموذج C

Q: divide the following words to shout our layers of structure

نموذج B

نموذج C

سؤال تقطيع الكلمات
دائماً من تشوفون بوادئ النفي مثل


1. un-
2. in-
3. im-
4. il-
5. ir-
6. dis-
7. mis-
8. non-
9. de-
10. anti-
11. counter-

وبقية بوادئ النفي اقطعوهن أطول قطع


بعدين إذا ماكو مال النفي

ولگيتوا مال الظرف مثل ly اقطعوها أول شي

Q - identify the underlines suffixes

1. Diminutive

1. Noun Suffixes: (derivational)
- -ness (happiness)
- -ment (enjoyment)
- -tion (action)
- -er / -or (teacher, actor)
- -ist (artist)
- -ity (ability)

2. Adjective Suffixes: (derivational)
- -ful (joyful)
- -less (hopeless)
- -able / -ible (enjoyable, visible)
- -ic (plastic)
- -y (messy)
- -ous (famous)

3. Verb Suffixes: (derivational)
- -ize / -ise (realize, organise)
- -ate (activate)
- -ify (simplify)

4. Diminutive Suffixes: (Diminutive)
- -ette (dinette)
- -ling (duckling)
- -y / -ie (puppy, cutie)

5. Comparative and Superlative Suffixes: (inflectional)
- -er (taller)
- -est (tallest)


:

### 1. Derivational Suffixes
Derivational suffixes change the meaning of a base word and often change its grammatical category (part of speech). Here are some examples:

- -ly (adverb): slow → slowly
- -ness (noun): happy → happiness
- -ment (noun): develop → development
- -able (adjective): read → readable
- -er (noun): teach → teacher
- ing (gerund): play » playing


### 2. Inflectional Suffixes
Inflectional suffixes modify a word to express different grammatical features, such as tense, mood, number, or comparison, but do not change the word’s part of speech. Here are some examples:

- -s (plural): cat → cats
- -ed (past tense): walk → walked
- -ing (present participle): read → reading
- -er (comparative): tall → taller
- -est (superlative): tall → tallest

Q1 : What is the difference between phonemes and morphemes?


Phoneme: The smallest unit of sound in a language that distinguishes one word from another.
- Example: The sounds /b/ and /p/ in "bat" and "pat" are different phonemes.


Morpheme: The smallest unit of meaning in a language. Morphemes can be words or parts of words (like Affixes).
- Example: The word "cats" has two morphemes: "cat" (the root) and "s" (plural).


- Phoneme: Changes in sound.
- Morpheme: Changes in meaning.

Q2 B: How many types of words are there? Write internal structure of each type. Give example words for each type.

1. Simple: free morpheme
Example: Ice 🧊

2. Compound word: free morphemes
ركزوا جمع كلمة مورفيمز هنا
Examples: Ice-cream 🍨


3. Complex:
- free + bound morpheme
Example: Dogs 🐕 🐕 🐕


- bound + free morpheme
Example: Unhappy 😞


- bound + bound morpheme
Example: Television 📺