The quilted multiverse theory states that the Universe is infinite, and therefore contains segments identical to the one we inhabit.

About 10^10^120 light years away there could be another you on another Earth.

What does a camel store inside its hump?

Camels do not store water in their humps, as it is commonly believed. The humps are actually reservoirs of fatty tissue. Concentrating body fat in their humps minimizes heat-trapping insulation throughout the rest of their body, which may be an adaptation to living in hot climates.

Maxwell's Equations✍️
Part 1
What are Maxwell's equations? Well, to understand what Maxwell's equations all mean we need a decent understanding of calculus specifically vector calculus which is all about curls, gradients and divergences (I will post a very good book to understand Curls, gradients and divergences, I will also try to post a good book to understand basic calculus which is not so advanced in principle) but in this article I'm not going to teach the mathematics but just the idea and their meaning, their usage in real life and other related concepts.
Maxwell's equations are equations which are named after a Scottish physicist and mathematician James Clerk Maxwell. They are all about electrical and magnetic fields and the relation between them. The equations are 4 in this article I will try to cover some concepts only since the topic is bulky. Out of the four, only two have to do with the electric/magnetic fields' divergence. The other two involve their curls and partial time derivatives.
You need to know what vector field is too.
Vector field: a vector field is just a collection of vectors. One vector for each point in space.

Let's start with Gauss's law: the divergence of the electric field is proportional to the charge density at the concerned point. To understand what this physically means, consider what divergence physically means - it's a measure of the tendency of a vector field to diverge, flow out, from a point.
(I will add diagrams and equations in the upcoming post since it is not possible to post the images separately).

-Part 2 about Maxwell's equations coming soon.

Above is the sign convention for divergence (flowing out = positive divergence, flowing in = negative divergence, if fields flowing in and out are equal = no divergence )
(Continued diagram from the above post).

A good and famous book to learn Divergences, curls and gradients.
📎 12MB

This is an outstanding introductory calculus book for absolute beginners, you can begin your calculus journey with this book it consists of calculus I, II and III but it is a little bit thick it contains around 1300 pages if I remember correctly.
📎 24MB

Web3

👉 What is Web3?

- Web3 is an idea for a new iteration of the World Wide Web which incorporates concepts such as decentralization, blockchain technologies, and token-based economics.

- Centralization has helped onboard billions of people to the World Wide Web and created the stable, robust infrastructure on which it lives. At the same time, a handful of centralized entities have a stronghold on large swathes of the World Wide Web, unilaterally deciding what should and should not be allowed.

- Web3 is the answer to this dilemma. Instead of a Web monopolized by large technology companies, Web3 embraces decentralization and is being built, operated, and owned by its users. Web3 puts power in the hands of individuals rather than corporations.

👉 What are the core ideas of Web3?

- Web3 is decentralized: instead of large swathes of the internet controlled and owned by centralized entities, ownership gets distributed amongst its builders and users.

- Web3 is permissionless: everyone has equal access to participate in Web3, and no one gets excluded.

- Web3 has native payments: it uses cryptocurrency for spending and sending money online instead of relying on the outdated infrastructure of banks and payment processors.

- Web3 is trustless: it operates using incentives and economic mechanisms instead of relying on trusted third-parties.

👉 Why is Web3 important?

- Ownership: Web3 allows for direct ownership through non-fungible tokens (NFTs). No one, not even the game's creators, has the power to take away your ownership. And, if you stop playing, you can sell or trade your in-game items on open markets and recoup their value.

- Censorship resistance: On Web3, your data lives on the blockchain. When you decide to leave a platform, you can take your reputation with you, plugging it into another interface that more clearly aligns with your values. Web 2.0 requires content creators to trust platforms not to change the rules, but censorship resistance is a native feature of a Web3 platform.

- Identity: it solves this problem by allowing you to control your digital identity with an Ethereum address and ENS profile. Using an Ethereum address provides a single login across platforms that is secure, censorship-resistant, and anonymous.

👉 What are Web3 limitations?

- Accessibility: Web3 is less likely to be utilized in less-wealthy, developing nations due to high transaction fees.

- User experience: Users must comprehend security concerns, understand complex technical documentation, and navigate unintuitive user interfaces. Wallet providers, in particular, are working to solve this, but more progress is needed before Web3 gets adopted in mass.

- Education: Web3 introduces new paradigms that require learning different mental models than the ones used in Web2.0.

- Centralized infrastructure: The Web3 ecosystem is young and quickly evolving. As a result, it currently depends mainly on centralized infrastructure (GitHub, Twitter, Discord, etc.).

👉 A decentralized future

- Web3 is a young and evolving ecosystem. Gavin Wood coined the term in 2014, but many of these ideas have only recently become a reality. In the last year alone, there has been a considerable surge in the interest in cryptocurrency, improvements to layer 2 scaling solutions, massive experiments with new forms of governance, and revolutions in digital identity.

- We are only at the beginning of creating a better Web with Web3, but as we continue to improve the infrastructure that will support it, the future of the Web looks bright.

🤓 Prepared by @abdesol

James Webb Space Telescope❤️

James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is the largest and most powerful telescope ever made by human being. its greatly improved infrared resolution and sensitivity will allow it to view objects too old, distant, and faint for the Hubble Space Telescope. It is believed that it would help us to see how the early galaxies and stars were formed billions of years ago. It also helps to find exoplanets where life is habitable or even help us to spot where intelligent civilization lives (If they exist). JWST was launched on 25 December 2021 on an ESA Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana, and as of April 2022 is undergoing testing and alignment. JWST has already captured a lot of interesting images (I will post some of them later on). It is made up of 18 hexagonal, beryllium mirror segments which greatly helped it to see very distant objects possibly back to 100 million years after the big bang.
Mass: 6,161 kg
telescope type: orbiting infrared observatory
cost: 10 billion dollar
power: 2kW
mission duration: 5-10 years
Diameter of primary Mirror: 6.5 m (21.3 ft) approximately

The first full-color image taken by JWST.
This is just breathtaking!😍

The Southern Ring Nebula❤️
Here is another awesome picture by JWST.

With these Maxwell's equations light was possible🔥

It's hard to get it logically, but you can get same range of projectile on two angles!

But the condition is that the angles should be complementary.

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Physical Reason :

Range of a projectile depends on two factors, its horizontal speed and time of flight. Let's take two complementary angles 30° and 60°, in 30° projection, the time of flight is less because vertical component of velocity is less and hence horizontal velocity is larger. In 60° projection, the time of flight is larger since vertical component of velocity is larger and hence horizontal component in less.

These two factors kind of balance each other and produce same ranges on both 30° and 60°

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Mathematical Reason :

The mathematical way of understanding it is simple, expression for range is :

R = u²sin(2θ)
g

Since angle is twiced, the angles now become supplementary, i.e. from 30° and 60° to 60° and 120°. And sine of angles of θ and 180-θ is same, so the value of range will be same.

Maxwell's equations:
Their derivation
Proof
Uses
Books and videos suggestions are included in this short pdf. I hope you guys will enjoy it😊