Ibn Qudāmah رحمه الله stated;

He should not have intimate relations where anyone can see them or hear them, and he should not kiss her or touch her in the presence of other people. 

Ahmad said: “I do not like any option except concealing that completely.”

Al-Hasan said concerning a man who has intercourse with one wife where the other can hear it: “They used to disapprove of any sound of intimacy being audible to others.”

And he should not speak of what happens between him and his wife.

ولا يجامع بحيث يراهما أحد ، أو يسمع حسَّهما ، ولا يقبِّلها ، ويباشرها عند الناس .

قال أحمد ‏:‏ ما يعجبني إلا أن يكتم هذا كله .

وقال الحسن‌‏- في الذي يجامع المرأة والأخرى تسمع – قال ‏:‏ كانوا يكرهون الوجس ، وهو الصوت الخفي .

ولا يتحدثِ بما كان بينه وبين أهله.

المغني - ٨/١٣٧

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The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allāh be upon him) told men not to marry infertile women.

It was narrated that Ma’qil ibn Yasār (may Allāh be pleased with him) said: A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allāh be upon him) and said: I have found a woman who is of good lineage and beautiful, but she cannot have children. Should I marry her? He said: No. Then he came to him a second time, and he told him not (to marry that woman). Then he came to him a third time and he said: “Marry the one who is loving and fertile, for I will be proud of your great numbers before the nations.”


Ibn Qudāmah رحمه الله stated:

It is mustahabb that she be from a family whose women are known to bear many children.


وقد نهى الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم عن التزوج من العقيم ، فعَنْ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ رضي الله عنه قَالَ : جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : إِنِّي أَصَبْتُ امْرَأَةً ذَاتَ حَسَبٍ وَجَمَالٍ وَإِنَّهَا لا تَلِدُ أَفَأَتَزَوَّجُهَا ؟ قَالَ : لا ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ الثَّانِيَةَ فَنَهَاهُ ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقَالَ : ( تَزَوَّجُوا الْوَدُودَ الْوَلُودَ فَإِنِّي مُكَاثِرٌ بِكُمْ الأُمَمَ )


قال ابن قدامة في "المغني" :

ويستحب أن تكون من نساء يعرفن بكثرة الولادة.


رواه النسائي ( ٣٢٢٧ ) وأبو داود ( ٢٠٥٠ )


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Al-Buhūtī رحمه الله stated:

If a guardian who is more distantly related gives her in marriage, or a non-relative gives her in marriage, even the ruler, without there being any reason for the guardian who is more closely related not being able to be present, then the marriage is not valid, because the one who did the marriage contract on her behalf has no right to guardianship over her when the one who has the right to guardianship is present.

وإن زوج الأبعد أو" زوج "أجنبي" ولو حاكما "من غير عذر" للأقرب "لم يصح" النكاح لعدم الولاية من العاقد عليها مع وجود مستحقها.

الروض المربع - ٣٣٦

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Al-Baghawī رحمه الله stated:

It is called "Laylah al-Qadr" because it is the night on which matters and rulings are decreed. On this night, Allāh decrees the matters of the year pertaining to the people and the lands, up until the next year.

Someone once asked al-Husayn ibn al-Fadhl, "Didn't Allāh decree all the decreed matters even before He created the heavens and the earth?"

al-Husayn ibn al-Fadhl replied, "Of course."

"Then what," the questioner asked, "is the meaning of Laylah al-Qadr?"

He replied, "It is bringing the decreed matters to their appointed times and enacting the things that have previously been decreed."


[ سميت ليلة القدر لأنها ليلة تقدير الأمور والأحكام ، يقدر الله فيها أمر السنة في عباده وبلاده إلى السنة المقبلة ... قيل للحسين بن الفضل : أليس قد قدر الله المقادير قبل أن يخلق السموات والأرض ؟ قال : [ بلى ] ، قيل : فما معنى ليلة القدر ؟ قال : سوق المقادير إلى المواقيت ، وتنفيذ القضاء المقدر]

[Tafsir al-Baghawi 8/485]

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Ibn Hānī' رحمه الله stated:

I went out with Abī Abdullāh (Ahmad bin Hanbal) to the Masjid al-Jāmi' (for Friday prayer), and I heard him recite Sūrah al-Kahf...

مسائل الإمام أحمد رواية ابن هاني

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