◼️ LET ALONE

👉 Let alone — "не говоря уже о", not to mention. Стоит запомнить и использовать, выражение довольно употребляемое.

He was incapable of leading a sauna team, let alone a region like Khabarovsk.

Most people can't afford a new car, let alone a new property.

Перед let alone, если оно идёт дополнением после основной части, ставится запятая.

💬— He says he sees something in you. What kind of game is he playing?
Does he think you're that naive? He can't truly think that you'd forget. Well, let alone Gale, let alone Victor, and all the horror that goes along with all of that.
What about this girlfriend of yours and her little brother? The man looked you straight in the eye and told you "no more children," but that very night, that little boy... he winds up... Gus can't possibly think that you'd forget that.
— Okay.
— I mean, all I'm saying is that is it possible he would think that you're that weak-willed?
— Drop the sales pitch. I'll do it.
— You'll do what?
— I'll kill him... first chance I get.

Well, let alone Gale, let alone Victor, and all the horror that goes along with all of that.
What about this girlfriend of yours and her little brother?

◼️ BEEF

◻️🟥◻️ Having huge beefs with citizens, Lukashenko beefs up his security forces by giving them extraordinary power and carte blanche for violence.

👉 Beef — говядина, мясо. Но пост, конечно не про это, так что смотрим следующее значение ⬇️
👉 Beef — претензия, разногласия, ссора, срач, жалоба, и все что с этим связано. Как обычно, может быть и существительным, и глаголом.
👉 Beef up — а вот фразовый глагол beef up с разногласиями не связан и означает усилить, укрепить, повысить. И его значение напрямую идёт от мяса, мышц, muscle-power.

#etymology
В таком значении beef начало использоваться в конце XIXв, и в US и в UK, но версии происхождения разные.
1) Американская легенда гласит, что солдаты жаловались на плохое качество мяса в пайке, и beef стал синонимом complaint.
2) Британская версия связана с воровством, и происходит от рифмы "stop thief!" и "hot beef" (а лондонские кокни, как известно любили заменять оригинальные значения слов их рифмами).

💬 — Hey, Uncle Hank, why were you arresting Mr. Archuleta the other day? He's a pretty cool guy.
— Well, turns out that he has a record. Yeah. Couple of possession beefs. We figure he was the guy that was stealing your school's chemistry gear. I mean, you know, he had a key. Fit the profile. When we searched his truck, we found a big old fat blunt, which goes to prove old Huge Hugo ain't so cool after all.
— It's to you, Walt.
— Yeah, I'll call.
— I can't believe the school system didn't know about this guy's record. I mean, that's pretty scary. How could something like that just slip through the cracks?
— I don't know. I mean, for what it's worth, Hugo just doesn't strike me as the thief.
— Yeah, well, nothing personal, Walt, but you wouldn't know a criminal if he was close enough to check you for a hernia. Now, that said, we got a search warrant, and we tore old Hugo's house apart. Turns out he's a major league pothead. But he didn't raid your chemistry set.

👉 possession beefs — проблемы с законом за хранение (наркоты)
👉 slip through the cracks — ускользнуть, быть упущеным из виду
👉 hernia — грыжа
👉 pothead — укурок

— Well, turns out that he has a record. Yeah. Couple of possession beefs.

◼️ BURST YOUR BUBBLE

👉 Burst a bubble — лопать пузырь
👉 Burst someone's bubble — домать чьи-то стереотипы, рушить иллюзии. Sorry to burst your bubble — жаль тебя разочаровывать / разрушать твой мир фантазий.

💬 — What's the deal?
— Uh, the deal is we're watching that house. A couple down on the left with the tree in the front.
— Yeah? What for?
— A little birdie told me there's some guys in there that have 3 pounds of our product which they're selling and which they sure as hell didn't get from us.
— So what's the plan?
— I just told you.
— We sit here and watch that house until one of our entrepreneurs pops his head out. Then we ask a few questions and get our property back.
— Why don't you just go break the door down and pistol whip those bitches and show them who's boss?
— Because a little birdie also told me these guys are heavily into the product and most likely armed. Now, what you may not know about meth heads. Maybe you do. They're kind of unpredictable. I don't care for unpredictable, so we wait. Sorry to burst your bubble, kid, but that's 90% of the job. Don't worry. I brought sandwiches.

👉 A little bird told me — аналог русского 'сорока на хвосте принесла'
👉 I don't care for — я не люблю/мне не нравится

"Sorry to burst your bubble, kid, but that's 90% of the job."

◼️ETAOIN SHRDLU

👉 Etaoin shrdlu — фраза из 12 букв по убыванию частоты их использования в английском языке, которая время от времени появлялась в прессе в конце IX - начале XX века.

#etymology
Именно в такой последовательности были выстроены ряды клавиатуры линотипов — наборных строкоотливных машин для типографий. Если делалась опечатка при наборе текста, чтобы вытащить форму, нужно было дозаполнить строку — для этого быстрее всего было пробежать по первым двум столбцам букв на клаве. Иногда вытащить форму после этого забывали, и, из-за невнимательности редакторов в газетах посреди текста, или даже в заголовках, появлялось etaoin shrdlu. Со временем фраза была внесена в Oxford dictionary, и существует теперь официально.

Етаоин шрдлу всем! 🖖

#funfact

◼️ RANT

👉 Rant — яростно декламировать, пускаться в демагогию, выговориться, ругать что-то (например вот так). Часто go on a rant используется в случае когда кто-то пускается в разглагольствования на больную тему, не заботясь от том интересна ли кому-то тема или нет.

Natasha always going on a rant on our WhatsApp chat, complaining about her life.

💬— No, no. It was. You remember the fat guy, the fat guy. We used to call him "Snot Trough" because he had that thing under his nose. What do you call that thing?
— That was Dobkins! That was the same guy who always smelled like chocolate milk. It was!
— No, no, no, no. It wasn't Dobkins. It was... Anyway, I swear to Christ he used to iron those patches onto the elbows of hism Members Only jacket because he thought it made him look more distinguished.
— Didn't it?
— No.
— Well, here's to Snot Trough.
— To Snot Trough.
— Wherever you may be.
— God bless him. And you remember the professor who used to hate Robert Wilhelm Bunsen?
— Yes. All you had to do was mention the Bunsen burner and he was off on a rant. "No, he didn't invent it." You remember the waving? "He just improved it!" You know. It was easy to kill 15 minutes anyway.
— Oh God, I miss this, Walt.
— Yeah. Me, too.

All you had to do was mention the Bunsen burner and he was off on a rant.

Do not confuse them

◼️ BONA FIDE

👉 Bona fide, или bona-fide —настоящий, истинный/неподдельный (genuine), а также добросовестный.

#etymology
Этимология очень проста — это латинское bona fides (bona - хороший, fides - вера), которое так и переводится — good faith.
Но выражение настолько прижилось, что произносят его по английским правилам, "бонафайд".

As a bona-fide Russian you should drink vodka, play balalaika, and dance with bears 🥛🐻.

💬 — Steve said you might have something for us.
— Yeah, maybe. You guys are going to have to tell me. Remember my pal Tim Roberts?
— APD detective?
— Yeah, well, he's working on a murder case, and the victim's a 34-year-old male Caucasian by the name of Gale Boetticher.
— One night last month, Boetticher opens the door. Bam, take a bullet to the face from a person or persons unknown. Now, this Gale Boetticher is a bona-fide chemistry genius. I mean, he's got degrees up the wazoo, right? And, uh, as you might expect, he's a nerd's nerd. Vegan, sandals-and-socks kind of guy. As it turns out, he's also an A-number 1 meth cook. And what caught my eye is, uh, his specialty product's blue.
— So what are you thinking? This is your Heisenberg?
— No. What I think we got here is, uh, ahem, Heisenberg's former cook and maybe a line on Heisenberg himself. Anyway, uh, lo and behold, amidst all the hippie-dippie nonsense, ahem, I find this.
— Now, this here I do a little Google-fu, and I- I realize it's a parts number specifically for this baby. Now, that there is a high-volume HEPA industrial air filtration system. That's a $300,000 gadget. Perfect for a pharmaceutical plant or microchip factory or maybe the biggest meth lab north of the border.
— Okay.

👉 Sandals-and-socks guy — добавляем в спикинг-словарь, крутая же метафора 😂

...this Gale Boetticher is a bona-fide chemistry genius.
...And, uh, as you might expect, he's a nerd's nerd — vegan, sandals-and-socks kind of guy.

◼️ GHOTI

👉 Ghoti — лингвистическая шутка, основанная на правилах-исключениях произношения в английском. Ghoti был наиболее частым примером, который использовали сторонники реформы английского правописания.

Во-первых, это рыба 🐟. Ghoti произносится как fish (/fɪʃ/), если применить по аналогии правила:

GH, произносится как /f/ — также как в enough /ɪˈnʌf/ или tough /tʌf/;

O, читаем как /ɪ/ во множественном women /ˈwɪmɪn/;

TI, говорим как /ʃ/ в слове nation /ˈneɪʃən/ или motion /ˈmoʊʃən/.

Во-вторых, если мы используем другие правила, ghoti становится и вовсе непроизносимо. Ghoti is silent:
GH как в слове through;
O как o в people;
T как в ballet;
I как в business.

#funfact