👉Digoxin indicated for :-
1- HF (⬆ contractility)

2- Supra ventricular arrhythmias " atrial fibrillation" (⬇️conduction at AV node and depression of SA node)

👉Hydralazine coadministered with a β-blocker to prevent reflex tachycardia.

👉Verapamil
often causes constipation, probably by blocking L-type calcium channels in the colon.

Alkaloid drugs
(أدوية قاعدية تستخرج من النباتات)
1- hyocine (scopolamine)
2- Atropin
3- Morphine
4- Colchicine

نقطة مهمة الدكتور ركز عليه
👉Patient has Gout with liver disease treated by ALLOPURINOL.

👉Patient has Gout with renal disease treated by FEBUXOSTAT.

👉NSAIDs or intra articular corticosteroids (prednisolone ) are the usual first-line treatment for acute gout.

Guanethidine (Guanadril) :- inhibit the release of catecholamines from the presynaptic neuron.
👉Use for treatment of
1- hypertension and
2- eye drop for exophthalmous in hyperthyroidism.

👉PREECLAMPSIA & ECLAMPSIA .

📍Symptoms
P 1- Proteinuria
R 2- Rising blood pressure (hypertension )
E 3- Edema
4- hypoalbuminemia.

📍Treatment
1- hydralazine
2- labitalol
3- magnesium sulfate. DOC

🙂Magnesium hydroxide (antacid)
has a strong laxative effect which ,use treatment of gastric ulcer with Constipation.

🙃 aluminum hydroxide (antacid)
has a constipating action which use in treatment of gastric ulcer with diarrhea.

😉A helpful mnemonic is magnesium “magnifies” stool, aluminum hALts the stool.

🙂Alosetron
a potent 5-HT3 antagonist, is approved for treatment of women with severe Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea.

🙃Lubiprostone
a laxative that activates the type 2 chloride channels in the small intestine, is approved for treatment of women with Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation.

✍Raynaud's phenomenon treated by :-

👉1- Prostacyclin (also called prostaglandin I2 or PGI2)derivatives like (EPOPROSTENOL & ILIOPROST)

👉2- alpha blockers like (PRAZOCINE...)

👉3- calcium channel blockers, such as the dihydropyridines NIFEDIPINE or AMLODIPINE, preferably slow release preparations – are often first line treatment.

✍Pulmonary hypertension drugs :-

👉1- Sildenafil ➡Inhibits PDE-5 .

👉2- Epoprostenol, iloprost PGI2 (prostacyclin) derivatives.

👉3- BosENtan &Amprezantan Competitively antagonizes ENdothelin receptors ➡ decrease pulmonary vascular resistance.

🙈treatement of cyanide poisoning

1)sodium nitrate
2) sodium thiosulfate
3)I.V vitamine C
4) methylene blue 1-2 mg/kg as Emergency and given Intravenously

5) hydroxycobalamine is the most recently developed cyanide antidot.

👉Asprin should not be used
in atrial fibrillation because asprin can,t prevent embolic stroke and it is associated by bleeding risk .


👉To treat thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation we use warfarin,factor X inhibitors(rivaroxaban), thrombin inhibitor ( dabigatran)

👉β-blockers (ACEBUTOLOL and PINDOLOL:-
Antagonists with partial agonist activity are NOT USED for stable angina or arrhythmias due to their partial agonist effect.

✍Pyridoxine/doxylamine (غير آمن)

📍is a combination of PYRIDOXINE hydrochloride (vitamin B6) and DOXYLAMINE succinate (antihistamine).

📍prescribed for the management of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (morning sickness).

👌PROMETHAZINE or MECLIZINE with VITAMIN B6 also used for morning sickness .(آمن وأفضل )

🙊غثيان المرأة الحامل يكون مصاحب بنقصان B6 لذلك نعطي vitamin B6 مع علاج الغثيان .

✍Hypertension in
pregnancy drugs:-

1-Hydralazine
2- labetalol
3- methyldopa
4- nifedipine.

👉the first-line therapy for hypertension in pregnancy is :-

🙈hydralazine is used for pregnancy induced hypertension (during pregnancy ).

🙈 Methyldopa is used for pregnant women who was hypertensive.

✍Hypertensive
emergency drugs :-

👉Treat with
1-clevidipine
2- fenoldopam
3- labetalol
4- nicardipine
5- nitroprusside.

✍B-blockers which used in treatment of heart failure 👉MBC
●Metoprolol
●Bisoprolol
●Carvedilol

✍Adenosine used as a first choice for treatment of paroxysmal Supraventricular tachycardia

👌Phenylephrine also used .

Arrhythmias drugs for different arrhythmia :
💊Propranolol is treatment the arrhythmia that cause by hyperthyrodism

💊Lidocaine: is treatment the arrhythmia that cause by digitalis

💊Flecainide: is treatment arrhythmia of wolff parkinson white syndrome


💊Magnesium sulfalte: is treatment the digitalis arrhythmia and arrhythmia of (Torsade de point)


#Group_Four
هاشم السواري#

👨‍⚕Osteoarthritis...advised to weight loss

👨‍⚕Systemic lopus erythematosus(SLE)...avoid sun light

👨‍⚕Reiter's diseases...advised to rest

👨‍⚕ankylosing spondylitis ...advised to exercise

👨‍⚕septic arthritis...avoid prolonged rest

👨‍⚕systemic scleromderma(s s)....avoid exposure to cold

Related to pharmalogy

#Groub_Four

🙈Thiazide diuretics Toxicity can remember by HyperGLUC; hyperGlycemia, hyperLipidemia, hyperUricemia and hyperCalcemia.

Bethanichol BBB
Bethanichol used in :-
1- post-operative urin retention
2- paralytic ilius

So its mnemonic is(BBB) :-
Beth activate Bowel and Bladder.

BCG vaccine used for bladder cancer