If your goal is moving millions of tons of cargo to Mars, is there anything more efficient than a lunar electromagnetic launcher?

Saturn V’s F-1 engine:
Nozzle diameter: 3.76 m
Thrust: ~690 tons

Raptor 3:
diameter: ~1.3 m
Thrust: ~280 tons

Why not SpaceX just build a RaptorMax the size of an F-1?
Wouldn’t that create an absolutely gigantic Starship?

#starship #Apollo

Saturn V was a brutal beast. 🚀

One of the most underrated things about Starship isn't just that it's bigger

It's that it's designed to completely rewrite the economics of spaceflight

SpaceX, Falcon's reusability already removed roughly 85% of the historic cost of launching to orbit

Starship aims to deliver another order-of-magnitude improvement on top of that

And it's not just about cost.....It's also about throughput

Falcon Heavy can deliver up to 64 metric tons to orbit
Starship Version 3 is targeting roughly 100 metric tons to orbit

Future versions could potentially push that to around 200 metric tons

The philosophy behind all of this comes from the Elon's "The Algorithm":

1. Question the requirements
2. Delete parts and process steps
3. Simplify
4. Accelerate
5. Automate

You can see this philosophy perfectly in the evolution of the Raptor engine

What began as a complex engine evolved into Raptor 3 dramatically simplified, more powerful, more reliable, and easier to manufacture

This is how SpaceX keeps pulling ahead

Not by adding complexity......By relentlessly removing it

One of the biggest breakthroughs in the history of spaceflight is reusability

SpaceX became the first company to successfully build and operate a reusable rocket fleet at scale

The progression is insane:

• Falcon 9 - 23 metric tons to orbit
• Falcon Heavy - 64 metric tons to orbit
• Starship V3 - targeting ~100 metric tons to orbit

And this is only the beginning

Reusability didn't just lower launch costs

It fundamentally changed launch economics by allowing SpaceX to dramatically increase launch cadence

Last year alone, SpaceX completed 165 Falcon launches an unprecedented pace for the space industry

Now the company is taking the next step:

Moving from partially reusable rockets to a fully reusable Starship system

Lower cost. Higher launch cadence. More payload

That's the formula that could ultimately make humanity a spacefaring civilization

Starlink V3 satellites and Starship are about to change the game.

Compared to V2 satellites that are currently being launched on Falcon 9, V3 will enable more than 20x bandwidth per launch with Starship.

Each Starship is capable of deploying 60 V3 satellites PER LAUNCH (61,000 gbps). The scale is we’re talking here is unreal.

Elon Musk says Starlink Earth could deliver over 90% of all space-based Internet traffic next year.

(Video below is real footage of Starship deploying a V3 Satellite simulator in Space)

It’s getting REAL 🔥🚀

When Morgan Stanley welcomes SpaceX like this, space has arrived as a serious asset class. The institutional confidence here will ripple across the global industry.

SpaceX is already positioning itself for asteroid mining by building the infrastructure that makes it possible:

Cheap reusable launch, Starship, orbital logistics, power, satellites, and deep-space transport

The company that makes space affordable is the company that unlocks space resources

Asteroid mining starts with lowering the cost to get there

Nokia’s 16-year stock high is not just a telecom comeback story.

AI data centers, Silicon Valley demand, Nvidia’s investment, and high-speed networking are turning Nokia into part of the AI infrastructure stack.

The market is no longer looking at Nokia the same way.

Palantir $PLTR just posted this video of CEO Alex Karp:

“We’re hoping that you’ll go to a large language model company and learn that they don’t care about you at all.”

“We’re in the business of giving you the ability to solve those problems for yourself and own the means of production.”

Morgan Stanley expects $SPCX to reach $3.4T in annual revenue by 2040.

$3.4 trillion in annual revenue. $2.7 trillion in adjusted EBITDA. By 2040.

Morgan Stanley — one of the lead underwriters of the SpaceX IPO, the bank that has seen every number in the S-1 — just published those projections with their name on them.

Let that sink in.

$2.7 trillion in EBITDA is more than the entire current GDP of France. More than every Fortune 500 company’s profit combined. From a single company. In 14 years.

Now remember what SpaceX is actually building toward.

Launch. Reusability. Connectivity. Compute. Models. Mars.

Point-to-point Earth travel. Orbital data centers — Anthropic paying $1.25 billion a month, Google in active talks. Asteroid mining. Lunar manufacturing. Mars colonies — with Elon’s pay literally tied to getting there.

$28.5 trillion total addressable market across all businesses per the S-1.

Morgan Stanley is modeling $3.4 trillion in revenue by 2040 — roughly 10% of that TAM. If SpaceX captures even half of what it’s building infrastructure for, $3.4 trillion looks conservative.

$SPCX starts trading June 12th at $1.75 trillion.

Morgan Stanley just told you where they think it goes.

The rails are being built. The trains haven’t started running yet.

And the bank that led the deal just said the destination is $3.4 trillion.

This 17 page pdf reveals the same technique Hedge Funds like Jim Simons' Renaissance Technologies use to find signal through noise.

Stanford released the complete Hidden Markov Model framework for everyone to use it.

Bookmark it before someone takes it down:

web.stanford.edu/~jurafsky/slp3/A.pdf

The secret of Hedge Funds is revealed in a 6 page PDF.

Stanford released the complete LSTM neural network framework for trading that quants at firms like Citadel & 2Sigma are known to use & released it for free.

Bookmark it before someone takes it down:

cs230.stanford.edu/projects_fall_2020/reports/55614857.pdf

Superhuman-level🤯

a Unitree G1 carrying a box up onto a high table.

(Perhaps Amazon could consider using it for deliveries? G1 + Rivian)

GITHUB JUST CERTIFIED THE AI JOB OF THE FUTURE

* GH-600 formalizes the “Agentic AI Developer” role — engineers who build, supervise, and deploy AI agent systems
* As companies adopt agent-driven workflows, knowing how to orchestrate AI may become as valuable as writing code itself

D3 Chips Don’t Just Tolerate Space They’re Built For It

Engineered to run hot, they shed heat straight into the vacuum through passive radiators, eliminating the energy tax of Earth cooling. Paired with uninterrupted solar arrays, the result is 10× FLOPS per watt.

This is how xAI-scale intelligence moves off-planet. Not a workaround. The native architecture.

D3 chips achieve 10× FLOPS/watt in orbit by turning vacuum physics into an advantage: hotter junctions, passive radiation, constant solar.

The deeper question is what happens to civilization when the marginal cost of intelligence falls this sharply off-Earth.

Does AI abundance accelerate the Mars transition or does it change what “abundance” even means?

Curious to hear builders’ takes.

Galactic Civilization Is Forcing a Complete Revolution in Chip Design

Earth’s energy limits make terawatt-scale AI impossible on the surface. That’s why Terafab is deploying massive orbital compute clusters powered by constant solar energy, while redesigning silicon from the ground up for vacuum, radiation, and fully autonomous off-world labor.

This Drives Four Non-Negotiable Architectural Choices:

>>Radiation-hardened D3 family

80% of output is destined for orbit. The D3 isn’t a commercial chip with hardening added later—it’s built from the transistor up with triple-modular redundancy, finFET structural tweaks, and advanced ECC to survive ~10¹⁵ cosmic ray hits per year at 99.999% uptime.
>> High-temperature vacuum optimization

No air, no liquid cooling. Heat must radiate into space. By deliberately engineering the D3 to run safely at much higher junction temperatures, radiator mass and size drop dramatically—delivering roughly 10× better FLOPS/watt in orbit than any ground-based system.

>> Massive on-chip SRAM for edge autonomy (AI5/AI6)

Mars propellant plants and orbital construction can’t rely on Earth comms. Optimus robots need real-time bipedal control and reasoning entirely on-device. That’s why half the accelerator area in the AI5/AI6 lines is dedicated to enormous SRAM—shattering the memory wall and boosting effective bandwidth by an order of magnitude.

>> Recursive design-manufacturing loop

At 100–200 billion chips per year, 12–18 month cycles are obsolete. Terafab integrates design, lithography, fabrication, and orbital simulation under one roof. Iterate overnight, test in radiation chambers, revise masks, and reprint compressing development from quarters to days.

This isn’t incremental progress. Every transistor decision is subordinated to making humanity multi-planetary and eventually multi-stellar.

The chips being taped out right now are the literal substrate for the next branch of human civilization.